论突发公共卫生事件处置中行政权力的特殊性质

突发公共卫生事件来临时,由于事件的突发性、群体性、严重性等特征,处置突发公共卫生事件过程中行政权 力除具有权力的一般性质外,还具有其特殊的性质。了解突发公共卫生事件中行政权力的特殊性质有助于各级政府及相关 机关在突发公共卫生事件中正确、合理、有效、及时地行使权力;同时,也有助于他们制定好有效而合理的紧急预案、做 好平时的演练,以更好地防范于未然。     

论医学模式与人类健康观

世界医学发展历经三大模式：弥散医学模式，生物医学模式，社会－心理－生物医学模式；人类健康观也由个体健康到身心健康的转变。在社会－心理－生物医学模式中，中医学博大精的内涵愈被世界医学重视。     

National human rights action plans: a roadmap to development

Applying the “human rights-based approach to development” (HRBAD) in practice is the biggest challenge facing advocates of human rights and development. This article seeks to bridge between. HRBAD at a theoretical level and the National Human Rights Action Plans (NHRAP) at a practical level in order to not merely provide a tool for putting HRBAD into practice but also to prepare a theoretical foundation for NHRAPs. To integrate HRBAD into NHRAPs, the whole conceptual space of development is mapped into a matrix called a “Substantive-Procedural Matrix of Development” (SPMD). This matrix helps states develop their plans within the road to development. The utility of this matrix as a heuristic will be demonstrated in the case of the right to health.     

Individual differences in safe behavior: A safety practitioner's viewpoint

SUMMARY

This paper focuses on the school as a setting for community-based prevention of factors that place learners at risk such as poverty, violence, substance abuse, learning difficulties and HIV/AIDS. It examines the development of school-based structures aimed at addressing these issues. The health promoting and inclusive schools approaches are explored as strategies to address these and other barriers to learning.

Reference is made to innovative practice at a school in a disadvantaged community outside of Cape Town. The case study reveals how school-based teams could be utilized to mobilize school communities in generating solutions to the difficulties that they encounter.     

大学宿舍生活对大学生心理健康发展的影响和作用

大学宿舍生活是大学生活中的重要组成部分,对大学生的心理健康发展有着不可忽视的重大影响和作用,和谐的大学宿舍生活对于大学生的心理健康发展有着积极的意义。但是,许多调查与研究表明,目前大学生宿舍中人际关系上存在着不少的问题。就大学宿舍生活人际关系的研究意义、宿舍人际关系现状的调查、造成大学宿舍人际关系问题的原因及如何营造和谐宿舍生活作简单论述。     

药食同源食品监管的法律依据探讨

我国中医药理论有药食同源的特点，我国也有将药食同源物质用于保健食品生产加工的传统。近年来，我国保健食品行业发展迅猛，但是关于保健食品的法律规制却滞后于快速发展的市场，导致对本行业的监管存在盲点。通过案例分析和理论思考，辨析药食同源食品的属性，明晰药食同源食品监管的法律依据，希望对净化保健食品市场，合理界定各相关执法部门的监管职责，也为依法行政提供一定的借鉴。     

从卫生监督稽查视角审视行刑衔接工作

为了有效打击、震慑违法犯罪分子,保障人民身体健康,维护社会和谐稳定,行刑衔接工作机制在卫生行政执法工作中发挥着越来越重要的作用,本文拟结合日常工作实际,从卫生监督稽查视角审视卫生行政执法与刑事司法相衔接工作。     

Devolved Functions in Government: Some Realities

Devolvement of functions to quangos and Departmental Agencies has been a marked feature of reform in government since 1970, accelerated by the ‘Next Steps’ initiative (1987–90). Its effects in terms of performance, costs and disengagement from related government activity are discussed by reference to experiences in the management of two large quangos created after 1970, the Manpower Services and Health and Safety Commissions and their Executives. Some general lessons are drawn for present application, and the discussion seeks also to expose realities and difficulties in the management of public bodies that are often overlooked in theoretical argument. It acknowledges the advantages of devolvement, but points to serious limitations in the ‘owner–agency’ model when applied to public business, arising from powerful centralising forces, rapid changes in political aims, the cardinal requirement for economy, and shifting needs for lateral co‐operation across the government sector.     

卫生行政处罚送达现状及对策分析

随着卫生行政处罚案件的日益增多,执法环境的复杂,卫生行政机关在处罚文书的送达过程中,遇到了许多问题和困难,本文阐述了目前卫生行政处罚实践中的送达现状和存在问题,对引起此现状的原因进行了分析,提出了改进和完善的建议,并对传统送达方式进行了合理而行之有效的创新和设想。     

CIT in context: the impact of mental health resource availability and district saturation on call dispositions

The goals of Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) programs include improving safety during encounters between police and persons with mental illnesses, diverting persons with mental illnesses away from the criminal justice system, and increasing referral and access to mental health services. CIT is a systemic intervention, and as such, its implementation and effectiveness are influenced by existing practices and infrastructures. However, little research has considered the context in which CIT programs are implemented. In this paper, we present research on CIT in four Chicago police districts that vary in terms of two contextual factors hypothesized to influence the impact of CIT training on how calls involving persons with mental illnesses are resolved. Using data from 112 patrol officers in four Chicago police districts, we consider the impact of mental health services availability and CIT saturation (the percentage of district personnel that are CIT certified). Findings indicate that CIT training increased direction to mental health services primarily in districts with greater availability of mental health services. In districts with low service availability, higher CIT saturation increased direction to mental services. The opposite pattern emerged for contact only or informal call resolution. No effects were found for arrest as a call outcome.