中国部门行政职权相对集中初论

为了解决我国行政执法领域存在的部门林立、多头执法、重复执法、执法扰民与执法低效等问题,必须系统地进行行政职权的优化配置,积极推行部门行政职权相对集中,探求行政执法体制改革与创新的路径,实现行政精简、统一与效能。目前,推行部门行政职权相对集中,在认识因素、适用依据和保障机制等方面还面临着诸多障碍,这在一定程度上制约了部门行政职权相对集中的改革进程。为此,必须更新行政执法观念,加强行政法制建设,促进行政体制与制度创新,完善相应的保障机制等,以使这项改革取得实质性的进展,达到预期的目标。     

默克尔政府对华外交政策分析

默克尔自上台以来领导的"黑红"大联合政府,给不平凡的德中关系画上了浓墨重彩的一笔。这位在德国政坛上已活跃了两个任期,即将迎来她第三个四年任期的德国"铁娘子",使德中关系变得举世瞩目。默克尔政府在对华政策上采取为实现自身利益最大化的"人权问题"与"经济利益"双管齐下的方针,使中德两国关系一度紧张。然而,随着形势的发展,两国建立了全面战略伙伴关系。在这个过程中,中德双方不论在哪些方面打交道,默克尔政府对华政策都呈现出其独特的一面。     

Theory and Practice of Public Administration in the Philippines: Concerns for an Identity Crisis

Abstract

The discipline of public administration in the Philippines has been undergoing its version of an ‘identity crisis’ over the past decade. This crisis has been manifested in four areas: (1) the inordinate influence of mostly American public administration theories and concepts upon Philippines public administration has led Filipino academics in the early to mid-1980s to ask the question ‘is there a Philippine public administration?’; (2) the perceived disconnect between theories of public administration as taught in schools and the realities in the outside world has raised questions of the relevance of the discipline to real world challenges; (3) the continued frustration over the perception that in spite of many public administration and governance reforms, the Philippines continues to be among the more corrupt nations in the region; and (4) the recent fascination of academics in other disciplines, especially economists, that ‘institutions matter’, has led some public administration scholars to argue that their discipline has been arguing precisely the same point since the 1950s.     

Problems of corruption and distrust in political and administrative institutions in Slovenia

Corruption is perceived in all societies as a social pathology that causes great material and moral damage and is a threat to the society's continual development. Especially in countries with a freshly consolidated democracy, as Slovenia, the phenomena of corruption must be treated with all due attention. This article emphasises that corruption in Slovenia is publicly perceived as one of the most important and even increasing problems in society. We are also analysing one of the crucial side effects of the corruption, resulting itself in ever deeper public distrust to most significant political and administrative institutions.     

东城区餐饮服务业管理现状及对策分析

通过对辖区内餐饮服务业态现状分析,针对性地进行对策研究,推动辖区内餐饮服务业的依法监管和规范发展。结合工作实际,分析餐饮服务业态分布、管理现状和存在问题,提出意见和建议。加强卫生监督中的关键环节控制,强化从业人员培训,进一步推行量化分级管理,加大处罚力度。充分发挥行业自律、社区自治与卫生监督执法相结合的作用,细化政策环境与监管职责,进一步探讨综合执法与卫生监督双赢模式建立。     

中国梦的实现路径分析

实现中国梦的关键是需要处理好“行政和自治”之间的关系.总结近现代以来中国的历史经验,中国梦的实现关键在于中国共产党的科学领导.中国共产党能够不断推动中国梦的实现进程,取得成绩的原因是其对以民为本的官僚政策治理型同心圆式的权力结构进行了有效的改革,一定程度上破解了近现代以来中国所面临的“行政与自治”关系平衡问题.破解当前中国所面临的一系列社会问题,进一步推动中国梦的实现,仍然需要处理好“行政和自治”之间的关系,从破解行政压倒自治、自治行政化和形式化问题着手.     

FHA restructuring proposals: Alternatives and implications

Abstract

This article evaluates problems of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) under its current structure, develops criteria for judging alternative structures, and suggests one alternative—an assigned risk pool—that encourages efficiency in the insurance function while still promoting low‐ and moderate‐income housing. A historical introduction explains how the current institutional relationships came about and created FHA's problems.

FHA's decline resulted from the mixing of a heavy social agenda with the basic insurance objective, a destructive reorganization of the Department of Housing and Urban Development that caused FHA to lose control and focus, and government's inherent inability to respond to market signals. Yet the economic rationale for government involvement in FHA functions is strong. An FHA organized as an independent government agency, a government‐sponsored enterprise, or even a privatized entity structured as an assigned risk pool could improve efficiency of underwriting, pricing, and administration while achieving the redistributional objectives.     

FHA in the Great Recession: Rebalancing Its Role

The Federal Housing Administration's (FHA) Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund has a negative net worth as of FY2012, partly because of the weak economic recovery and partly because its policy has been directed to supporting homeownership at the risk of incurring more defaults. Although recently announced reforms should reduce losses, higher insurance premiums and lower loan-to-value ratios will still be necessary. But FHA faced and survived similar situations before, and should be able to do so again, without draconian limitations on its authority.     

论《治安管理处罚法》的域外效力

法无明文规定、没有上位法根据、举重以明轻、人权保护和尊重行为地国法律是《治安管理处罚法》没有域外效力的主要根据。《治安管理处罚法》没有域外效力会导致相关刑事案件侦破困难、规避《治安管理处罚法》行为多发、同样的违法行为不能同样对待和对违法行为地扩大解释牵强等问题。《刑法》与《治安管理处罚法》的衔接、属人主义和保护主义的双重优先性、尊重受害人意志和对"举重以明轻"的正确理解是《治安管理处罚法》应该有域外效力的根据。通过增加规避《治安管理处罚法》行为是治安违法行为、司法解释明确、实现《治安管理处罚法》与《刑法》的全面衔接和公安部解释等途径,可以具体实现《治安管理处罚法》的域外效力。     

“单边”到“多边”——布什政府对奥巴马政府对朝政策的影响

美国布什政府对朝政策有其产生的根源和国内外的制约因素,形成了"单边"到"多边"的对朝政策转变过程并表现出特有的规律。对此认真分析和研究,有助于我们对布什政府的"单边"到"多边"的对朝政策进行整体和宏观把握,厘清布什政府对奥巴马政府对朝政策的影响。