判决是如何形成的——乡土社会语境中的法官判决模式研究

本文通过人民法庭对发生在乡土社会中的一起民事相邻权纠纷处理过程的叙述,力图展示承办案件的人民法庭的法官在形成判决意见的过程中考量的各种因素、法官审判案件所追求的目标、以及为达成目标所作的努力。透过对法官判决模式的界定与案件审理过程的分析,我们可以得出基层人民法院法官为谁而作出判决的结论以及支持法官如此判决的决定性力量。     

《治安管理处罚法》体现的立法原则

《治安管理处罚法》所体现的立法原则和精神,既突出强调了保护公民合法权利,又注重加强社会治安管理,体现了尊重和保障人权与加强社会治安管理相平衡的原则;它既扩张了警察权力,又对警察权的运行作了严格规范,控制了警察权,体现了保障警察有效履行职责与规范警察权力行使相统一的原则;它还体现了实体和程序并重,针对性与前瞻性相结合的原则。《治安管理处罚法》宽严相济,刚柔并举,归根到底要求公安机关及人民警察要“执法为民”。     

建设责任政府需要深入推进行政问责制度

建设责任政府是我国政府管理体制改革与行政改革的重要目标之一。有效推进行政问责制度是建设责任政府的必然要求和有效途径。当前进一步推进行政问责制度的重点是要明确问责范围,规范问责程序,建立健全行政问责制度及保障行政问责有效实施的配套制度。     

正当程序原则视野下的公安行政执法

公安行政执法权的运用,必然会对行政相对人的权益造成损害。正当程序原则作为普通法系行政法特别是警察法的基本原则之一,包括了避免偏私、行政参与和行政公开三项基本规则,为达成人权保障与行政目的的平衡,防止行政自由裁量权的擅断提供了具有可操作性的标准。     

奥巴马政府南海政策特征论析

自2010年"高调介入"南海事务以来,奥巴马政府的南海政策呈现出以下几个特征:其一,从战略高度审视南海事务,将南海问题纳入到"重返亚洲"的战略架构之中;其二,以"维护航行自由"为名,寻求对制海权的掌控;其三,注重"均势"战略的运用,以求在南海形成相互制衡的格局;其四,以"巧实力"外交来实现其南海政策目标;其五,从走势看,日益由前期的模糊处理转向明朗化、强硬化。     

Comment on Kerry D. Vandell's “FHA restructuring proposals: Alternatives and implications”

Abstract

New Orleans, a highly segregated city with low homeownership, experienced a tremendous number of housing foreclosures between 1985 and 1990. This study highlights the process and impact of foreclosure in the urban housing market, which contributes to an understanding of their impact on the spatial structure of the city. Two aspects of foreclosure are examined: the differential impacts of foreclosure on low‐income and African‐American householders and changes in socioeconomic conditions (neighborhood change and the spatial structure of the city) resulting from foreclosure.

Conventional wisdom holds that urban neighborhood transformation is driven largely by white flight. The data presented in this article suggest a counterhypoth‐esis. Middle‐income professional whites employed in businesses impacted by recession who had recently bought housing with high loan‐to‐value ratios were forced to sell or have their houses foreclosed upon. The depressed market, in turn, made such housing affordable to middle‐class blacks interested in homeownership. Thus, black economic opportunity, rather than white flight, dramatically transformed the racial composition of many New Orleans East neighborhoods.     

The Study of Public Administration in Hong Kong and Macao: Evolutionary Paths and Implications

Comparatively speaking, the birth and the growth of public administration programmes, at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels, in Hong Kong and Macao have been a response to the increasing need for the training of students and civil servants in the discipline of public administration. Since the 1990s, the proliferation of Master of Public Administration (MPA) programmes in both the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions can be explained by the demand for local people to govern the two places in accordance with the principle of ‘one country, two systems’. The content of various MPA programmes also reflects the changing political and administrative circumstances; its public administration focus has been accompanied by core courses training students from a variety of disciplines, ranging from public finance to economics, from public policy analyses to globalization, and from regional planning to a deeper understanding of mainland Chinese government and politics. In both Hong Kong and Macao, some graduates from both the Bachelor and Master programmes have joined the civil service or enhanced their skills in public sector management and governance. Although the medium of instruction varies from one university to another, their programme objective shares one thing in common: the imperative of training existing civil servants and students to join the governments of Hong Kong and Macao. This paper compares and contrasts the development of public administration programmes in Hong Kong and Macao and examines its theoretical implications for the changing relations between politics and public administration.     

Preparation of a low-cost fingerprint powder that harnesses white light to emit long-lived phosphorescence

An inexpensive, commercially available doped strontium aluminate phosphor with long-lived afterglow has been prepared and assessed in the role of a luminescent fingerprint dusting powder. Blue, green, and aqua phosphorescence persisting for ca. 30 s was obtainable from treated fingermarks after charging the powders with the white light (400–700 nm) setting of a forensic light source. Imaging the phosphorescent afterglow enabled the elimination of background emissions encountered during latent fingermark examination. This was demonstrated by visualising fingermarks on substrates that possess inbuilt fluorescent security features and highly patterned substrate backgrounds, without any need for bespoke scientific equipment.     

话语与公共行政:话语制度主义及其公共行政价值评析

话语制度主义是新制度主义理论丛林中的最新流派,它以观念和话语为核心分析要素,为理解制度和制度变迁提供了内生性的动态视角,弥补了新制度主义其他流派倾向于静态的、均衡性制度分析的不足,并为公共行政提供了理论和实践层面的诸多借鉴。然而,话语制度主义自身在解释力、理论适用性、理论身份独立性等方面尚存在不足,多学科与学说间的交流和互补对完善话语制度主义分析框架十分重要。