论我国道路交通安全法的价值取向

2003年10月28日通过的《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》将于2004年5月1日开始施行。该法是我国在交通立法方面的重大突破,具有划时代的历史意义。仔细分析该法条文,我们可以发现该法在价值取向上体现了人身权优先保护、弱势群体特别保护、私权维护和私权自治、秩序与正义平衡、公平与效率兼顾等先进合理的法治思想。深刻理解该法的价值取向,是我们准确把握其立法宗旨、正确理解与解释法律规定的重要前提,这对于公安教育与交通执法具有指导性的重要作用。     

行政认知方式论纲

科学合理地认知行政,这是行政理论和行政实践发展和进步的前提。人们熟知的行政科学不是行政认知方式,而是科学行政的认知方式的理论成果。实际上行政认知方式大体上分为三种,也是三个层次,即经验行政、科学行政、哲学行政。作为科学行政认知成果的行政科学,也不只是研究行政管理的规律,即提供科学的行政图景,它还提供科学的行政思维方式和科学的行政价值规范。实际上,任何一个层次的行政认知方式,都是行政世界图景、行政思维方式、行政价值规范的统一。经验行政、科学行政、哲学行政三个层次的行政认知方式,相互联系,相互区别,相辅相成。     

论行政法理论的更新——以婚姻登记程序为视角

本文以新的《婚姻登记条例》与旧的《婚姻登记管理条例》之立法区别为视角,揭示了婚姻登记制度变革后面的行政法理念更新。认为,行政法由管理本位向服务本位的迁移、权利自主与权力谦抑、行政的人性化与程序的正当化是决定婚姻登记制度变革的基本理念,也是引领我国行政法律制度进一步创新的基本方向。     

The Council for the Administration of Criminal Justice and Protection of Juveniles

The Council for the Administration of Criminal Justice and Protection of Juveniles (Raad voor Strafrechtstoepassing en Jeugdbescherming) is an independent advisory, supervisory and judiciary board to the Netherlands Minister of Justice on matters relating to the prison system, the hospital order detention system, the probation system and the youth incarceration system. Members are recruited from a variety of backgrounds, such as magistracy, science, medicine, psychiatry and social work. As a rule, they have a full-time job in society. They are recruited by virtue of their expertise, competence and professional experience in relevant fields. Nowadays, there are about 60 members. The combination of the Council’s three tasks has been criticised. The argument is that the advisory and supervisory tasks of the Council could interfere with the independent and impartial nature of its judicial task. The supposed incompatibility of the three tasks has been one of the arguments of the Minister of Justice in defending his decision to set up an Inspectorate for the whole field of the administration of justice. This Inspectorate would overlap the Council’s supervisory task. So, legislation has been prepared in order to prevent overlap by taking away this task from the Council. The resistance to these plans was an important reason for the Dutch government to ask the Verwey-Jonker Institute to evaluate the performance of the Council. The Council performed very well in this evaluation. Its performance could not, therefore, really be used as an argument for curtailing its tasks. The independent nature of an Inspection Board is open to question, as it is functioning under the responsibility of the Minister of Justice. However, the Minister of Justice has not been convinced by this and other arguments, so there is a big chance that the Council will loose its supervisory task.

对当前公安队伍管理功能定位、模式选择及价值取向的哲学思考

在功能定位上,警务工作整体的动态的需要是公安队伍管理定位功能和发挥作用的根本依据,要在此前提下实现队伍管理功能的“外应”和“内合”。在模式选择上,要在科学管理的基础上添加人文关怀,实现能动的科学管理和有序的人本管理的统一。在价值取向上。要坚持“效率优先,兼顾公平;机会公平优先,兼顾结果公平”的原则,实现效率与公平的协调统一。     

完善我国行政法律规范体系

充足而优良的行政法律规范是建设法治政府的必要条件之一,然而由于立法的滞后、成文法的传统,以及行政诉讼中法律适用依据的限制,导致优良的行政法律规范供给不足,形成依法行政与优良行政法律规范不足之间的紧张。欲推进法治政府建设进程,首先须解决此难题。途径之一在于不断完善成文行政法律规范的供给机制,之二在于不断挖掘不成文行政法律规范。     

A Lost Opportunity: A Reappraisal of the Kennedy Administration's China Policy in 1963

This article explores US policy towards China under President Kennedy. It focuses on 1963, when it is argued a major reappraisal took place under the auspices of State Department Officers Averell Harriman, Roger Hilsman and James Thomson. It concludes that a twin-track approach was developed which gave the President a greater degree of flexibility in his dealing with the PRC and laid the basis for the policy to be followed in a second term Kennedy administration. It also suggests that a close relationship existed between the Kennedy State Department and a group of policy academics that enabled this evaluation of China policy to take place.     

论新公共管理运动对行政主体理论的冲击

行政主体是行政法学中的基本概念。“行政机关”一词存在较大缺陷。新公共管理之非政府公共组织对行政主体理论产生了很大冲击。无论是为了解决我国实践中的法律问题 ,还是为了更好地与国际法学研究接轨 ,都应该扩大行政法学研究范围 ,扩大行政主体理论所涵括的范围     

要从执政能力的高度认识行政成本问题

我国目前行政成本居高不下,严重损耗着党的执政资源。行政成本与党的执政能力密切相关,它体现了执政党“执政为民”的理念、驾驭社会主义市场经济的能力、廉政建设的能力和决策能力。为此,要把降低行政成本,提高行政效率,作为提高党的执政能力的一项重要工作来抓,就要树立行政成本意识;转变政府职能,规范行政行为;建立健全职务消费的核定制度与政绩评估制度;建立健全行政成本的监督机制;建立科学决策机制,提高决策水平。     

加速市县政府依法行政的路径选择

市县政府依法行政的能力,直接制约着我国政府依法行政进程的实现,但在我国的行政实践中,市县政府却往往成为行政复议和行政应诉案件的主要被申请人。分析当前市县政府依法行政的关节点,提出依法行政的制度建设,加强依法行政可操作性等路径选择,有利于加快市县政府依法行政进程。