浅谈骨骼年龄的鉴定

骨骼年龄鉴定是法医实践中常见而难度较大的工作。文章主要就近年来国内外骨龄鉴定的研究进展进行了概括性的介绍,旨在为骨龄鉴定的法医工作提供参考。     

Age-at-death estimation based on the study of frontosphenoidal sutures

Determination of age at the time of death based on the observation of cranial sutures has led to numerous studies with sometimes contradictory results. The initial hypothesis being that suture closure is part of an age-related physiological process, the conflicting results have been interpreted by various authors as secondary to the choice of sutures, under the co-existing influence of pathological factors or genetic factors, or even independent of age. Despite these differences, macroscopic methods remain much used in anthropology and in forensic medicine. In our work, we evaluated the value of the degree of closure of the frontosphenoidal suture in estimating age at death of mature subjects, with the secondary objective of establishing a linear regression which could be used in routine practice. The study concerned bone specimens from individuals whose age, sex and medical history were known. Macroscopic observation was carried out on the ectocranial and endocranial sides according to four stages of closure previously defined. 290 sutures were taken from a population of whom two-thirds were men. The method can be repeated and reproduced and the regression established shows the confidence range for average error to be +/-1.5 years. While this result is of interest in terms of precision in prediction for a group of people, the prediction range is too great (+/-23 years) to be applicable to a single individual as part of a forensic procedure.     

从习水性侵害幼女案谈嫖宿幼女罪的适用

嫖宿幼女罪是从强奸罪中分离出来的一个新罪名,两者之间存在法条竞合关系。当行为人嫖宿幼女具有一般情节时,应适用嫖宿幼女罪。当嫖宿行为具有符合强奸罪的加重情节时,虽然强奸罪的最高法定刑比嫖宿幼女罪为重,但综合考量强奸罪的法定刑排列顺序、嫖宿人的主观意图、幼女的过错等方面,以强奸罪论处的刑罚并不意味着比嫖宿幼女罪为重,因嫖宿幼女罪的特殊规定性,以嫖宿幼女罪论处更为合理。行为人以嫖宿的方式与幼女发生性关系,不论是否明知该幼女是被强迫卖淫的,只要自己未实施该强迫行为,都应以嫖宿幼女罪论处,同时也不构成强迫卖淫罪的共犯。     

未成年人刑事责任年龄查证若干问题初探

犯罪嫌疑人刑事责任年龄的审查与确定,直接关系到对犯罪嫌疑人是否追究刑事责任,是否从轻或减轻处罚,以及是否适用死刑等问题。在对证明犯罪嫌疑人刑事责任年龄的证据种类作出分析,并探讨司法实践中未成年犯罪嫌疑人刑事责任年龄认定困难的主要原因的基础上,提出审查认定未成年犯罪嫌疑人刑事责任年龄的对策。     

城市公共文化审美特征探究

形式美与内涵美的交融、静态美与动态美的契合、传统美与现代美的汇聚,是公共文化的主要审美特征。准确把握公共文化的审美特征,对于建立内涵丰富、形式优美的公共文化设施与场所,对于举办广大市民群众喜闻乐见的公共文化活动,对于营造和谐融洽的公共文化氛围,对于卓有成效地广泛开展城市公共文化建设,都具有十分重要的意义。     

多维度视野下的马克思主义时代化命题解析

马克思主义作为人类先进思想文化的结晶,是时代的产物。马克思主义之所以生命力强大,就在于与时代同行。马克思主义时代化是马克思主义主动适应实践要求而决定的,既是马克思主义发展历史经验的深刻总结,也是在批判、扬弃各种错误思潮的基础上发展起来的。时代主题和时代发展是推进马克思主义时代化的客观动力和外在条件,马克思主义只有与本国实际情况相结合,才能真正显示马克思主义时代化的光芒。     

浅析我国柔性退休年龄政策效应

加世纪80年代以来,随着人口老龄化进程的不断加快、人口预期寿命延长以及经济增长速度的放慢,养老和就业问题面临更加严峻的形势。在权衡养老和就业问题之间,调整退休年龄的话题成为社会各界争论的焦点。由于退休年龄提前以及退休年龄延后所产生的结果,远无法达到人们预期所想要的效果,甚至还出现了反效应。借鉴西方国家的弹性退休政策,提出柔性退休年龄,并论证其重要性和可行性,阐述逐步实行柔性退休年龄政策才是解决中国当前面临问题的重要措施。