适足住房权实现之国家义务研究

适足住房权是指公民有权获得可负担得起的适宜于人类居住的、有良好的物质设备和基础服务设施的、具有安全、健康和尊严,并不受歧视的住房的权利。它主要包括:居住权、安全与健康权(或称舒适权)、住宅公平权、住宅隐私权、住房选择偏好权、住宅救济权以及住宅不受侵犯权和自由处分的权利。人权实现与国家义务之间存在密切的内在关联,对于人权的实现国家既具有消极义务,更具有积极义务。我国政府在公民适足住房权实现上具有不可推卸的义务,应从尊重、保护、促进和实现四个方面对国家义务进行分析,使之具有较强的体系性和可行性。     

律师伪证罪的完善——程序视野下的两种路径

律师伪证罪自诞生之日起就引起了学界巨大的争论，律师伪证罪罪名本身的不明确和存在的诸多缺陷是造成这一现象的重要原因。以中立角度研究司法实践，会发现律师的职业不当行为与律师伪证罪的异化才是问题的关键。因而，对律师伪证罪的完善应以刑事追诉程序的完善和律师惩戒制度的建设为解决问题的两条路径。     

触电损害赔偿责任性质研究

依据《侵权责任法》颁布前的有关法律法规及司法解释,高压输电线路产权归属一直被各地法院作为确认高压触电损害赔偿责任主体的依据。其实质是将此类损害赔偿责任视为物件致害责任。《侵权责任法》第73条虽然作出了与以前的法律法规不一样的规定,将此类责任定性为高度危险作业致人损害责任,但是其颁布后,该法规定的意旨和精神却没有得到很好的贯彻和落实。其原因在于,不论是实务界还是理论界,均没有真正明确触电赔偿责任的性质,也没有弄清这两种责任定性的本质区别所在。基于此,实有必要对触电赔偿责任的性质进行细致研究并予以明确,对这两种责任定性孰优孰劣进行权衡比较,以真正落实《侵权责任法》第73条之立法意旨及精神。     

对国家契约非稳定性的探讨

国家契约是调整各国能源开发和公用设施建设的重要法律工具。但由于国家契约中国家作为主体一方出现,公权力的影响涉及国家契约很多方面,使国家之间和私人主体之间利益平衡难以实现,尤其是近年来间接征收的出现更加剧了国家契约非稳定性,从契约中寻求非稳定性的救济途径难以达到预想效果。在当今各国依然以能源开发和公用设施建设为经济发展的重要目标背景下,以平等自由理念构建国内法制度对国家契约的稳定发展应有一定意义。     

The mimicry of the state as a state practice: the regulation of rickshaw licenses in Dhaka (Bangladesh)

Around half a million cycle rickshaws are currently active in Dhaka, Bangladesh. With only 86,000 official licenses available, different types of organizations supply licenses to most rickshaw drivers. These non-official licenses mimic the language of the state. This article argues that while these licenses appear as part of non-state, hybrid, or twilight institutions, they in fact constitute a state practice. Based on approximately 200 semi-structured interviews at six locations in Dhaka and offering a conceptualization of the Bangladesh state as a party-state, the article shows that the operation of non-official rickshaw licenses and the mimicry entailed is an inherent part of party-state governance, one which is not morally neutral. While most respondents saw the everyday benefits of non-official licenses in the absence of sufficient official ones, the latter remained the most prized and, if made available, respondents agreed that the former would become redundant.     

社会工作介入“受艾滋病影响的失依儿童”抗逆力养成——基于河南省ZMD市的循证研究

本文在社会工作视域下检视受艾滋病影响的失依儿童的抗逆力。本文发现这些儿童表现出生成的差异性、养成的向光性和实践的断裂性等特质。坚持循证实践,依据解构困境、建构意义、重构生活、整合资源的逻辑,进行社会工作专业干预,能有效地促进服务对象抗逆力的提升。     

Religious market structure and democratic performance: Clientelism

Is there a connection between government intervention in religious competition and partisan clientelism in democratic systems? Drawing on the economics of religion, we argue that alongside commonly examined population-level religious processes (religious diversity), state-level religious processes (government regulation of competition in the religious market) affect institutional performance in electoral democracies. Linking comparative indicators of religion-state relations with measures of partisan clientelism, statistical analysis suggests that uncompetitive religious markets, such as those where a dominant religion is sponsored by the state, create incentives, infrastructures and opportunities that favour clientelism. The study emphasises the importance of light-touch regulation of religion not merely as a normative principle narrowly related to religious freedom, but also as a potential remedy that can enhance the quality of political institutions.     

Navigating the Representative-Politics–Liberal-Rights Dilemma: Social Policy Designs for Nonremoved Migrants

Abstract

Although nonremoved rejected asylum seekers (NRASes) are declared unwanted, the liberal state is obliged to provide them with basic social protections. We argue that various social policy designs can mediate the representative-politics–liberal-rights dilemma and allow for (limited) access to differentiated, conditioned benefits. Drawing on migration control and welfare-state literature, the findings stem from expert interviews with stakeholders and document analysis in Austria, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Welfare-enabling approaches are context specific, varying from path dependencies in Sweden to change-resistant forms of policymaking in Austria. In the Netherlands, exclusionary measures are explained by early general welfare retrenchments.     

论改革年代中国政府能力转型发展

政府能力是解释政府有效性的关键。动态的组织能力观点为透视改革年代中国政府能力转型发展和理解中国政府有效性提供了新的视角。对中国国家建构的历史路径、中国政府能力基础的转换和中国政府运行惯例进行分析,旨在揭示中国政府能力转型发展的过程和动力机制。     

法治、治理与国家能力

当前流行的法治观念与国家治理在价值立场和制度层面存在一定程度的张力,这根本来源于理念型法治与国家治理所面临的实践难题之间的裂痕。国家能力是指国家将自身的意志转化为现实的能力,不同于政治权力的集中与使用,它更多表示的是国家对于社会需求的回应性。实现优良治理,国家能力建设可谓至关重要。就与国家能力的兼容性而言,那种嵌入国家治理逻辑之中的治理型法治观念更为可取,其不仅可通过规范官僚机构的行为、塑造官僚精英的自我认同、增加制度供给来提升国家的制度化能力,而且能够从铸就公共政治文化和法律判断的正当化角度增强国家的合法化能力。