The use of serum protein analysis in the diagnosis of fatal envenomation via Crotalus horridus (timber rattlesnake)

Deaths occurring due to rattlesnake envenomization are extremely rare and must be thoroughly investigated in the same manner as any other type of death. Our research presents the case of an adult white male who suffered a fatal timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) envenomation in northwest Florida in 2018. Blood samples were taken from the decedent's heart and vasculature of the chest and sent for serum proteomic analysis. Serum proteomic analysis was utilized in order to identify proteins from timber rattlesnake (C. horridus) found within the victim's blood. The confirmation of the presence of timber rattlesnake venom within the victim's blood allows the forensic pathologist to determine the cause of death most accurately and likewise, assists with the manner of death determination. Blood samples were separated into two groups: one with the abundant endogenous proteins depleted to facilitate detection of lower abundant proteins and one undepleted. In the depleted sample, a total of 712 proteins were identified, with 47 of the proteins (6.6%) occurring originating from timber rattlesnake (C. horridus). Likewise, a total of 742 proteins were identified in the undepleted sample, with 52 of the proteins (7.0%) occurring in timber rattlesnake (C. horridus). No timber rattlesnake (C. horridus) proteins were found in control human serum.     

颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α变化在法医临床鉴定中的意义

目的探讨颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α的水平变化及在法医学的临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对颅内出血患者住院后不同时间段血清IL-6、TNF-α水平进行检测,并与正常对照组的健康受试者进行比较分析。结果研究组重型与轻型患者后第1、3、5、7天血清IL-6、TNF-α水平较正常对照组明显增加,重型患者入院第5、7天的血清IL-6、TNF-α较轻型患者明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);根据患者最后结果(死亡组和存活组),发现死亡组随着时间延长,在第5、7天时IL-6、TNF-α水平显著高于存活组(P0.05)。此外,血清IL-6和TNF-α水平呈正性显著相关(r=0.721,P0.05)。结论检测颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平对观察其病情变化有重要意义,可作为法医学鉴定的辅助手段。     

闭合性脑损伤后血清和海马的蛋白质表达

目的 研究大鼠脑损伤后血清和海马中蛋白质表达的差异.方法 用雄性SD大鼠制造脑损伤模型,应用弱阳离子交换(WCX2)芯片和铜离子结合(IMAC-Cu)芯片结合表面增强激光解析电离飞行时间质谱技术,分析大鼠闭合性脑损伤后不同时间血清和海马中蛋白质表达谱的变化.结果 WCX2芯片在血清和海马样本中分别捕获436个和364个...     

黄蒲通窍胶囊对血管性痴呆患者血管炎性反应的干预作用

目的 观察黄蒲通窍胶囊对血管性痴呆患者的中医证候疗效,及其对血脂、血清C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein, CRP）的干预作用。方法 将69例患者随机分成对照组（n=35）和研究组（n=34）,对照组采用多奈哌齐治疗,研究组给予黄蒲通窍胶囊和多奈哌齐联合治疗,观察两组治疗前后的中医证候疗效和血总胆固醇（total cholesterol, TC）、三酰甘油（triglyeride, TG）、血清CRP变化。结果 对照组和治疗组分别有5、4例失访。治疗后对照组中医证候积分、TC、TG、CRP无显著改善（P>0.05）,阿尔茨海默病评估量表认知亚量表（Alzheimers disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale, ADAS-cog）评分显著降低（P＜0.05）;研究组治疗后中医证候评分,ADAS-cog评分及血TC、TG、CRP水平均较治疗前显著降低（P＜0.05）,且显著低于对照组治疗后水平（P＜0.05,或P<0.01）。结论 黄蒲通窍胶囊可以改善血管性痴呆患者的中医证候,其作用机制可能与降低血脂、干预血管炎性反应有关。     

豚鼠低温死亡血清生化指标的分析

目的检测低温死亡豚鼠的血清生化指标的变化情况,并分析其变化规律,为利用生化指标推断低温死亡提供一定的参考。方法 20只豚鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组置于-30℃左右环境下至死亡,对照组置于25℃左右环境下,经相应时间后再断颈处死。分别提取右心血血清,使用生化仪对一系列血清生化指标进行检测。结果相较于对照组,低温死亡豚鼠血清中葡萄糖、尿酸、肌酐及尿素氮含量升高(P0.05),总蛋白和白蛋白含量降低(P0.05),而其他指标如血清酶和血清离子等则无明显变化。结论低温死亡下的血清生化指标的变化存在一定的特征性,有望在低温死亡原因推断中起到辅助鉴定作用。     

人血浆Fn的纯化、抗体制备及法医学应用的研究

本文用Gelatin－Senharose4B亲合层析法提纯人血浆Fn抗原，免疫家兔，收集抗血清，经过去Fn血浆制成的免疫固相吸附剂处理后，制备特异性抗人Fn血清。此抗血清1：200稀释，用于免疫组化PAP、DAB染色法，观察人头皮枪弹创、头皮挫裂创、腹部皮肤切创各4例创缘区Fn含量、分布变化的研究，能反映创线区Fn变化的规律，为法医学创伤的研究，进一步开展定量分析和定量测定，作了抗体准备。     

Urea,Uric Acid,and Creatinine in Postmortem Blood,Vitreous Humor,and Synovial Fluid: A Comparative and Correlation Study,

Urea, uric acid, and creatinine have been demonstrated to be relatively stable in postmortem blood (BL), thus being useful for diagnostic purposes. However, no studies have explored their levels in BL, vitreous humor (VH), and synovial fluid (SF) concurrently. Therefore, we measured and compared their levels in these fluids. We also determined the effects of various factors on their levels. The results indicated that BL urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels were significantly higher than VH and SF levels. VH and SF urea levels and SF creatinine levels had a strong correlation with BL urea and creatinine levels, respectively. BL creatinine levels were higher in men than in women. BL and SF creatinine levels were negatively correlated with age. SF uric acid and BL, VH, and SF creatinine levels exhibited a positive correlation with weight. Only VH creatinine levels were positively correlated with body mass index. None of urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels were correlated with postmortem interval.     

猪胚胎多能性干细胞的分离培养

收集妊娠 2 6 .0～ 2 9.0d的猪胚胎 ,分离培养原始生殖细胞 (PGCs) ,在STO细胞饲养层上生长 ,形成了多能性干细胞 (EG)。发现其具有干细胞的显著特性 ,并能在体外定向分化为神经细胞、上皮细胞和胚泡细胞。试验使用A、B、C 3种不同的培养基培养PGCs ,结果在形成EG细胞集落的数量和EG细胞分化上有着明显的差距 ,说明血清的质量和浓度以及细胞因子对干细胞的生成和增殖有着重要的影响     

用甘肃棘豆草粉饲喂苦马豆素-BSA免疫山羊的血清相关酶分析

用甘肃棘豆草粉饲喂经苦马豆素(SW)-BSA免疫接种的山羊,检测分析了山羊血清中与中毒相关的酶的活性,以探讨SW-BSA免疫接种对动物机体组织器官的保护作用。将24只山羊随机分为免疫对照组、免疫攻毒组和未免疫攻毒对照组,免疫对照组和免疫攻毒组山羊接种SW-BSA,免疫攻毒组和未免疫攻毒对照组山羊按干重拌料饲喂10 g/(kg.d)甘肃棘豆草粉,检测血清谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、尿素氮(BUN)和α-甘露糖苷酶(AMA)的变化。结果表明,免疫攻毒组山羊较未免疫攻毒对照组山羊LDH活性升高延缓28 d,AKP活性升高延缓14 d,AMA活性降低延缓21 d,BUN活性升高延缓14 d,GOT活性升高延缓28 d。这些酶活性延缓变化,说明SW-BSA免疫动物后,在甘肃棘豆攻毒后的30 d内,能够有效地延缓SW对山羊肝、心和肾等组织器官的损伤。     

Polymerase Resistance to Polymerase Chain Reaction Inhibitors in Bone*

Abstract: Amplification of DNA from aged or degraded skeletal remains can be a challenging task, in part due to naturally occurring inhibitors of the polymerase chain reaction. PCR inhibitors may act by inactivating a polymerase itself, or compete with or bind other reaction components, although various polymerases may be differentially susceptible to such insult. In this study, ten thermostable polymerases from six bacterial species were examined for their ability to amplify DNA in the presence of bone‐derived or individual PCR inhibitors. Two polymerases, one from Thermus aquaticus and one from Thermus thermophilus, showed lower susceptibility to inhibition from bone, while polymerases from Thermus flavus were highly susceptible. Addition of bovine serum albumin improved the activity of most of the enzymes. Taken together, the results indicate that thermostable DNA polymerases have different susceptibility to bone‐derived PCR inhibitors, and that those most often used in forensic laboratories may not be optimal when working with DNA from skeletal remains.