中国—东盟自由贸易区建设与江苏省—东盟经济合作研究

中国-东盟自由贸易区于2010年1月1日如期建成,标志着中国与东盟关系进入了新的发展阶段.中国-东盟自由贸易区建成给江苏省与东盟国家的经济合作带来了重要机遇,同时双方的经济合作也面临着诸多挑战.今后,江苏省与东盟应在中国-东盟自由贸易区建设中进一步加强合作,以达到互利共赢的目标.     

黏杆菌素对两种诱导多重耐药革兰氏阴性杆菌的体外抗菌活性

为评价黏杆菌素对兽医临床常见的多重耐药铜绿假单胞杆菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌作用,以微量肉汤稀释法对2种诱导多重耐药菌株进行最低抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度测定;采用菌落计数法绘制黏杆菌素对2种诱导多重耐药菌株的时间-杀菌曲线。结果表明,黏杆菌素对铜绿假单胞杆菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为2和0.25μg/mL,最小杀菌浓度分别为2和0.5μg/mL。黏杆菌素在0.5、2、4、8、16倍最低抑菌浓度下,对多重耐药大肠杆菌不同时间点的杀菌速率差异显著(P<0.05),呈现浓度依赖性;对铜绿假单胞杆菌呈现部分浓度依赖性。黏杆菌素在2倍最低抑菌浓度下,多重耐药大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞杆菌菌量在2h内显著下降,在4倍最低抑菌浓度下可在8h内将大肠杆菌全部杀死,在4h内将铜绿假单胞杆菌全部杀死。说明黏杆菌素对诱导多重耐药铜绿假单胞杆菌和大肠杆菌具有强效、速效的杀菌作用。     

Prediction and preliminary standardization of fire debris constituents with the advanced distillation curve method

The recent National Academy of Sciences report on forensic sciences states that the study of fire patterns and debris in arson fires is in need of additional work and eventual standardization. We discuss a recently introduced method that can provide predicted evaporation patterns for ignitable liquids as a function of temperature. The method is a complex fluid analysis protocol, the advanced distillation curve approach, featuring a composition explicit data channel for each distillate fraction (for qualitative, quantitative, and trace analysis), low uncertainty temperature measurements that are thermodynamic state points that can be modeled with an equation of state, consistency with a century of historical data, and an assessment of the energy content of each distillate fraction. We discuss the application of the method to kerosenes and gasolines and outline how expansion of the scope of fluids to other ignitable liquids can benefit the criminalist in the analysis of fire debris for arson.     

油樟叶挥发油对三种真菌的抗菌效果

为探讨油樟叶挥发油对须毛癣菌、犬小孢子菌和石膏小孢子菌的抑制活性及其作用机理,采用RPMI 1640液体培养基倍比稀释和沙氏琼脂平板稀释培养计数法分别检测油樟叶挥发油对这3种真菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MFC);并绘制体外杀菌曲线,观察MIC浓度下油樟叶挥发油对3种真菌的动态杀菌过程;透射电镜下观察油樟叶挥发油在MIC浓度下对3种真菌超微结构的影响。结果显示,油樟叶挥发油对3种真菌的MIC和MFC值均为3.125μL/mL;杀菌曲线表明,作用的前12h内油樟叶挥发油对3种真菌的杀菌作用最强,随后杀菌作用降低;电镜下对照组的3种真菌形态正常,在MIC浓度下,3种真菌原有的细胞器模糊不清、溶解或消失。试验证实,油樟叶挥发油对3种真菌具有较强的杀菌作用,其杀菌机理为破坏真菌的细胞器。     

建设两型社会试验区：约束条件与改革框架

该文着眼于分析武汉-长株潭两型社会试验区建设面临的主要约束条件,即经济发展阶段制约、政府公共治理机制缺失、技术硬约束、文化理念落后等,并在此基础上探讨了两型社会建设中地方政府的短期行动安排与中长期改革框架。     

海峡两岸合作勘探开发东沙海域油气资源探析

在海洋油气勘探与开发方面,海峡两岸的合作前景十分广阔。东沙海域作为潜在的油气资源富集区,区位优势明显。两岸可在东沙海域全面推进油气资源的合作勘探与开发,为今后在其他海域合作积累经验,共同维护南海油气资源开发权利和南海主权。     

DEVELOPMENTAL PATTERNS OF ALCOHOL USE IN RELATION TO THE PERSISTENCE AND DESISTANCE OF SERIOUS VIOLENT OFFENDING AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN AND CAUCASIAN YOUNG MEN*

This study examined the association of alcohol use with the persistence and desistance of serious violent offending among African American and Caucasian young men from adolescence into emerging adulthood. Five violence groups were defined: nonviolent, late‐onsetters, desisters, persisters, and one‐time offenders. We examined alcohol use trajectories for these groups spanning 12 through 24/25 years of age using a four‐piecewise linear growth model s 12–14, 14–18, 18–21, and 21–24/25 years of age. The persisters and desisters reported the highest levels of drinking at 13 years of age. From 14 to 18 years old, however, the late‐onsetters showed a higher rate of increase in drinking, compared with the persisters and desisters. Starting at 18 years of age, the desisters’ drinking trajectory started to resemble that of the nonviolent group, who showed the highest rate of increase in drinking during emerging adulthood. By 24/25 years of age, the persisters could not be distinguished from the late‐onsetters, but they were lower than the nonviolent and one‐timer groups in terms of their drinking. At 24/25 years old, the desisters were not significantly different from the other violence groups, although they seemed most similar to the nonviolent and one‐timer groups. We found no evidence that the association between drinking and violence differed for African Americans and Caucasians. The findings suggest that yearly changes in alcohol use could provide important clues for preventing violent offending.     

STR melting curve analysis as a genetic screening tool for crime scene samples

In this proof-of-concept study, high-resolution melt curve (HRMC) analysis was investigated as a postquantification screening tool to discriminate human CSF1PO and THO1 genotypes amplified with mini-STR primers in the presence of SYBR Green or LCGreen Plus dyes. A total of 12 CSF1PO and 11 HUMTHO1 genotypes were analyzed on the LightScanner HR96 and LS-32 systems and were correctly differentiated based upon their respective melt profiles. Short STR amplicon melt curves were affected by repeat number, and single-source and mixed DNA samples were additionally differentiated by the formation of heteroduplexes. Melting curves were shown to be unique and reproducible from DNA quantities ranging from 20 to 0.4 ng and distinguished identical from nonidentical genotypes from DNA derived from different biological fluids and compromised samples. Thus, a method is described which can assess both the quantity and the possible probative value of samples without full genotyping.     

近代西北干旱内陆河区灌溉水管理制度评析——以甘肃省河西地区为例

近代西北干旱内陆河区形成了以流域和灌溉渠系为纽带的社会群落,为了解决用水纠纷,做好水资源的管理分配,河流上下游各县之间制定了分水制度,各县建立灌溉用水的管理机构,灌区内普遍制定了水规,规定灌溉水的使用方法,明确用户的权利与责任。其不但反映了西北干旱内陆河区农村村社变迁的一般状况,还可以从中解读生态环境极端脆弱的该地区,灌溉水管理对农村社会的巨大影响。从历史角度审视这一问题,其意义在于：灌溉水管理的基本精神是公平公正原则,地方政府基本职责是维护群众的水利权益;增加灌溉水量、开发水源是解决干旱区供水矛盾的根本出路;灌溉水的开发与管理开拓了人类生存的空间,并成为维系社会的纽带;灌溉水的管理权被士绅阶层垄断并与神权相结合,表现了时代的局限性。     

中国农村女性形象的重构及其对策——以互联网新媒介为视阈

信息科技的飞速发展使互联网正以日渐强势的姿态呈现在大众面前,媒介传播的性别失衡也引发了学界的探究并催生了一批女性网站的崛起,但是在中国女性构成中占绝对比例的农村妇女却鲜从互联网环境中受益。因此,从中国农村女性的角色变迁、国内女性网站的发展现状出发。探析互联网作为新媒介重构中国农村女性形象的可能性及对策,无疑具有十分重要的意义。