Rapid Localization of Bone Fragments on Surfaces using Back‐Projection and Hyperspectral Imaging

Manual localization of bone fragments on the ground or on complex surfaces in relation to accidents or criminal activity may be time‐consuming and challenging. It is here investigated whether combining a near‐infrared hyperspectral camera and chemometric modeling with false color back‐projection can be used for rapid localization of bone fragments. The approach is noninvasive and highlights the spatial distribution of various compounds/properties to facilitate manual inspection of surfaces. Discriminant partial least squares regression is used to classify between bone and nonbone spectra from the hyperspectral camera. A predictive model (>95% prediction ability) is constructed from raw chicken bones mixed with stone, sand, leaves, moss, and wood. The model uses features in the near‐infrared spectrum which may be selective for bones in general and is able to identify a wide variety of bones from different animals and contexts, including aged and weathered bone.     

党组织嵌入城市社区治理的逻辑框架构建——基于Cite space的文献计量分析

为了解城市社区治理研究的文献特征与发展趋势,借助可视化软件Cite SpaceⅤ,梳理2012年以来CNKI中社区治理研究文献,发现城市社区治理研究集中于东中部地区高校,研究视角呈现多元化和本土化特征,研究内容经历了从管理到治理的蜕变,社区党组织通过整合政府行政力量和社会自治力量在社区治理中发挥了重要作用。据此提出构建结构—过程视角下党组织嵌入城市社区治理的逻辑分析框架,旨在为新时代党组织嵌入城市社区治理研究提供新的思路。     

Whitelisting system state in windows forensic memory visualizations

Examiners in the field of digital forensics regularly encounter enormous amounts of data and must identify the few artifacts of evidentiary value. One challenge these examiners face is manual reconstruction of complex datasets with both hierarchical and associative relationships. The complexity of this data requires significant knowledge, training, and experience to correctly and efficiently examine. Current methods provide text-based representations or low-level visualizations, but levee the task of maintaining global context of system state on the examiner. This research presents a visualization tool that improves analysis methods through simultaneous representation of the hierarchical and associative relationships and local detailed data within a single page application. A novel whitelisting feature further improves analysis by eliminating items of less interest from view. Results from a pilot study demonstrate that the visualization tool can assist examiners to more accurately and quickly identify artifacts of interest.     

批复上所见的疑难案件裁判方法

批复系最高人民法院"对于高级人民法院、解放军军事法院就审判工作中具体应用法律问题的请示所作的答复"。以法律论证的角度来看,司法批复具有法律解释与替代裁判两种功能,因此可以之作为观察我国法院之疑难案件裁判方法的实证材料。在法律解释的层面,由于中西方司法体制与法律行文的差异,西方法学方法论上的一般解释理论在用来说明我国司法解释操作特别是再解释问题时未必适用。在法律论证的层面,特别是理由给出的层面,我国法院主要依据制定法、司法解释与行政政策作为法律论证理由,但是在理由的给出过程中缺乏必要的具体化解释与正当性说明、同时过分地依赖审判委员会的集体人格权威来作为论证的主要理由。     

A comprehensive micro unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV/Drone) forensic framework

In the early 1990s, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) were used exclusively in military applications by various developed countries. Now with its ease of availability and affordability in the electronic device market, this aerial vehicular technology has augmented its familiarity in public and has expanded its usage to countries all over the world. However, expanded use of UAVs, colloquially known as drones, is raising understandable security concerns. With the increasing possibility of drones' misuse and their abilities to get close to critical targets, drones are prone to potentially committing crimes and, therefore, investigation of such activities is a much-needed facet. This motivated us to devise a comprehensive drone forensic framework that includes hardware/physical and digital forensics, proficient enough for the post-flight investigation of drone's activity. For hardware/physical forensics, we propose a model for investigating drone components at the crime scene. Additionally, we propose a robust digital drone forensic application with a primary focus on analyzing the essential log parameters of drones through a graphical user interface (GUI) developed using JavaFX 8.0. This application interface would allow users to extract and examine onboard flight information. It also includes a file converter created for easy and effective 3D flight trajectory visualization. We used two popular drones for conducting this research; namely, DJI Phantom 4 and Yuneec Typhoon H. The interface also provides a visual representation of the sensor recordings from which pieces of evidence could be acquired. Our research is intended to offer the forensic science community a powerful approach for investigating drone-related crimes effectively.     

对我国《治安管理处罚法》的立法构想

在依法治国的今天,公安机关进行治安处罚所依据的《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》已不适应当前法治建设的要求,公安行政立法的指导思想应该从管理法模式向控权与管理两法兼顾模式转变,突出行政程序对行政权力的制约,以保护行政相对方的合法权益,从而体现现代行政立法保护人权的理念和法治要求。     

补强证据的论证可视化工具

Artificial intelligence and argumentation studies have recently developed new tools for argument visu-alization that are useful for analyzing the structure of different kinds of reasoning about evidence in law.This paper studies how three such     

A Holistic Multi-Scale Approach to Using 3D Scanning Technology in Accident Reconstruction

Three-dimensional scanning and documentation methods are becoming increasingly employed by law enforcement personnel for crime scene and accident scene recording. Three-dimensional documentation of the victim's body in such cases is also increasingly used as the field of forensic radiology and imaging is expanding rapidly. These scanning technologies enable a more complete and detailed documentation than standard autopsy. This was used to examine a fatal pedestrian-vehicle collision where the pedestrian was killed by a van while crossing the road. Two competing scenarios were considered for the vehicle speed calculation: the pedestrian being projected forward by the impact or the pedestrian being carried on the vehicle's bonnet. In order to assist with this, the impact area of the accident vehicle was scanned using laser surface scanning, the victim was scanned using postmortem CT and micro-CT and the data sets were combined to virtually match features of the vehicle to injuries on the victim. Micro-CT revealed additional injuries not previously detected, lending support to the pedestrian-carry theory.     

中国劳动关系研究及其未来发展 —— 基于知识图谱方法

本文借助Cite Space,使用共被引分析和共词分析方法对CSSCI数据库中相关文献进行研究,发现当前我国劳动关系研究正逐步成熟,形成了由重要影响研究者为核心的学术群体,确立了本研究领域的特色期刊。尽管如此,劳动关系研究仍有进一步改进之处,需增进研究者之间交流,加强劳动关系研究的学科相关性。当前劳动关系研究主要集中于劳动法、企业劳动关系、人力资源管理、工会和和谐劳动关系五个方面,并且正由企业劳动关系、劳动法和人力资源管理向工会(集体谈判)和和谐劳动关系研究过渡。     

基于聚集机理显现潜指纹发光材料的研究进展

由于潜指纹具有独一无二、终生不变的特点,且包含了人体丰富的化学信息(如内源性物质、外源性物质),故常被称之为个体“信息银行”。指纹的检测已不仅在法医鉴定、个体识别方面起着重要作用,同时还广泛的应用于日常生活中的安全检验和访问控制等领域。尽管DNA分析对个体识别方面,得到了极大的发展,但对潜指纹的显现和分析,仍然是公安技术人员获得个人可靠信息的主要来源。在过去的几十年里,研究人员朝着无损、快速、简易和高效的实现对潜指纹显现的目标出发,开发了许多新的技术和新的材料,也在一定程度上解决了传统潜指纹显现材料对人体伤害较大(如粉尘污染、光学伤害等)的问题,但潜指纹显现在灵敏度及无损检测方面仍然面临着较大的挑战。通过对近年来指纹显现材料与潜指纹的相关成分在溶液中通过疏水-疏水作用、静电作用或抗体-抗原相互作用等,在指纹的嵴上聚集后显现潜指纹的角度出发,对该类潜指纹显现材料的设计和研究进展进行了系统性综述。