严复对战与和的理性思考

战和思想是严复爱国思想的有机组成部分。他的主战思想建立在对中国自身实力估计的基础上,主和思想则建立在对国内外形势分析的基础上,都是他对中国命运的现实情况思考的结果。     

中国新型农村合作医疗制度设计的实证分析--基于贵州、内蒙、陕西试点(旗)县的调研

在我国,占总人口15%的城市人口享用着2/3的卫生保健服务,而占总人口85%的农村人口却只能享用1/3的医疗卫生保健服务,农村居民正在沦为最大的自费医疗群体.农村医疗问题的解决有赖于农村医疗卫生保障制度的建立.自2003年,我国开始在全国范围内开展新型农村合作医疗试点,为最终科学建立新型农村合作医疗制度进行局部试验.各试点地区应在充分考虑农民的利益的基础上进行制度设计,如选择科学的账户模式,合理确定报销方案,建立大病医疗救助制度等,从而保障农村合作医疗政策效果的顺利实现.     

鸭肿头出血症病毒在鸭胚原代成纤维细胞中增殖特性的研究

将鸭肿头出血症病毒(DSHDV)强毒株经尿囊腔接种10日龄鸭胚,传3代,取第3代尿囊液接种鸭胚成纤维细胞(DEF),传代培养至有细胞病变出现,并对接毒细胞进行TCID50动态检测和透射电镜观察。结果显示,第1代接毒细胞培养至120 h出现变圆、脱落,并形成少量蚀斑,第2代培养至96~120 h,DEF形成大量圆形或椭圆形的典型蚀斑,第3代培养至72~96 h,DEF出现典型蚀斑;此后可稳定适应于DEF,典型细胞病变出现于72~96 h。DSHDV在DEF上的TCID50值随传代次数的增加而增高,由第1代的102.75增加到第10代的106.82,最高毒价出现于96 h,该点是收获病毒的最佳时间。经透射电镜观察,可见DSHDV粒子呈球形或椭圆形,大小为60~75 nm,无囊膜,具有双层衣壳。结果证实,DSHDV强毒株已经适应了DEF,传代后可获得较高的病毒效价。     

上海市政府应急机制和管理结构研究

随着经济一体化和信息全球化的步伐加快,上海将逐步建成国际经济、金融、贸易和航运中心之一。在这样大的背景下,上海的政治稳定和社会安定显得尤为重要。因此、上海市政府将政府应急管理机制的建设摆到应有位置,在坚持以人为本、以防为主、分级管理、平战结合、按照长期准备、重点建设等原则的基础上,建立统一指挥、规范有序、科学高效的灾害事故紧急处置体系,对有效提高政府的反应能力、处置效率,最大限度减少各类灾害事故带来的危害和损失具有重大意义。     

番鸭白点病发病机理的研究

用番鸭白点病病毒人工感染雏番鸭后第 1、3、5、7、1 0、1 4d分别采集免疫器官和消化器官进行病理剖检和病理组织学观察 ,并测定血浆中的丙二醛 (MDA)和一氧化氮 (NO)含量 ,以研究白点病的发病机理。结果 ,感染后第 1d ,胸腺、脾、腔上囊开始出现肿大、出血和充血的现象 ,第3～ 7d病变较严重。胸腺以淋巴细胞坏死和减少为主要病变 ;脾除了淋巴细胞坏死和减少外 ,还有单核细胞浸润和髓窦红细胞淤积现象 ;腔上囊以淋巴细胞坏死和单核细胞浸润为主要病变。染毒后第 3d ,食管、腺胃、肝、胰、小肠等开始出现少量炎性细胞和红细胞浸润 ,第 5d时各消化器官都有不同程度的变性和坏死 ,随着病程的发展 ,炎性细胞和红细胞逐渐增多。第 1 0d时病变开始减轻 ,炎性细胞和红细胞浸润减少。血浆MDA含量在感染后第 3d开始升高 ,到第 5d时感染组显著高于对照组。血浆NO水平在感染后第 1d就开始升高 ,至第 7d达顶峰。试验结果提示 ,MDA和NO参与了白点病的病理过程     

枳黄方对酒精性肝损伤大鼠肝、胃脂质过氧化水平和血清ALT活性的影响

目的：探讨枳黄方（ZHF）防治酒精性肝损伤的机制.方法：通过ZHF保护性试验和ZHF治疗性试验,记录大鼠醉酒时间,采用分光光度法和血清生化法检测肝组织和胃黏膜超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力和脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）水平,以及血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）的活性.结果：在ZHF保护性试验中,ZHF能缩短大鼠醉酒时间（P〈0.05）,显著降低肝脏和胃黏膜MDA含量（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,显著提高肝脏和胃黏膜中SOD活力（P〈0.01）,使酒精性肝损伤大鼠血清中ALT活性显著降低（P〈0.01）.在ZHF治疗性试验中,ZHF对大鼠醉酒时间无影响,但使大鼠肝脏MDA含量和血清ALT含量显著下降（P〈0.01）,显著提高肝脏SOD活力（P〈0.01）.结论：ZHF能对抗酒精性肝损伤大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化,保护肝功能.ZHF保护性用药可防治酒精性肝损伤.     

黑龙江省和河北省鸡新城疫病毒分离株的遗传变异分析

利用 RT PCR 技术扩增出了 4 株 NDV 分离株(HeB 4 99, HeB 5 99、HeB 6 02 和HLJ 10 02)F基因539 bp的片段,将该片段克隆到 pMD 18 T载体上。经酶切分析、质粒 PCR鉴定及核苷酸序列测定,成功获得了4株 NDV分离株 F基因部分片段的重组质粒。同源性分析显示,4株分离毒株的核苷酸序列具有 95.9%~100%的同源性,与 LaSota的核苷酸序列同源性为81.0%~81.8%,与F48E9的核苷酸序列同源性达85.8%~89.3%。推导氨基酸序列分析表明,4个毒株F蛋白的裂解位点氨基酸组成为112RRQKRF117,具有强毒株裂解位点氨基酸组成特点,与ICPI和MDT测定结果相吻合。73株NDV毒株的系统发育进化树分析表明,HeB 4 99、HeB 5 99、HeB 6 02和HLJ 10 02均归属于基因Ⅶ型。     

当代婚约解除损害赔偿制度研究

在当代发达资本主义国家,婚约解除损害赔偿制度的发展趋势是减少损害赔偿范围,甚至是不予赔偿.在保留此制度的国家或地区中,于赔偿事由方面,有的是解除婚约,有的是侵权行为;于赔偿范围方面,有的相当广泛,有的极其狭窄.新中国彻底废除了婚约解除损害赔偿制度,不过在女方怀孕的情况下法院一般依据公平责任原则判决双方分担民事责任.     

Particle size analysis of soils under simulated scene of crime conditions: the interest of multivariate analyses

Two simulated scenes of crime have been studied. Soil traces adhering to boots, sport shoes and tissues have been compared with control samples using particle size analysis. Comparisons of percentage of particles per class interval and multivariate analyses were used to determine how the size distribution of each suspect sample varied compared to the original distribution. A loss of coarse fractions characterized most of the suspect samples even though they were derived from soils having different distributional patterns. However, the differences between control and suspect samples were found to be more important for soils dominated by extreme size classes than for soils rich in medium size particles. The differences among soil samples from the same source were found to be restricted to the extreme size classes. The finding of significant differences within size classes ranging from 1 to 0.063 mm should be then considered as a dissimilarity sign between trace sample and hypothetic control soil.     

Reference ballistic imaging database performance

Ballistic imaging databases allow law enforcement to link recovered cartridge cases to other crime scenes and to firearms. The success of these databases has led many to propose that all firearms in circulation be entered into a reference ballistic image database (RBID). To assess the performance of an RBID, we fired 4200 cartridge cases from 600 9 mm Para Sig Sauer model P226 series pistols. Each pistol fired two Remington cartridges, one of which was imaged in the RBID, and five additional cartridges, consisting of Federal, Speer, Winchester, Wolf, and CCI brands. Randomly selected samples from the second series of Remington cartridge cases and from the five additional brands were then correlated against the RBID. Of the 32 cartridges of the same make correlated against the RBID, 72% ranked in the top 10 positions. Likewise, of the 160 cartridges of the five different brands correlated against the database, 21% ranked in the top 10 positions. Generally, the ranking position increased as the size of the RBID increased. We obtained similar results when we expanded the RBID to include firearms with the same class characteristics for breech face marks, firing pin impressions, and extractor marks. The results of our six queries against the RBID indicate that a reference ballistics image database of new guns is currently fraught with too many difficulties to be an effective and efficient law enforcement tool.