论警察社会控制的合法性危机

警察从产生之日起就是社会控制的主要力量,这一点毋庸置疑。但是,随着社会的发展,警察社会控制的合法性却面临空前的危机,甚至出现了多起袭警事件。这主要是由于警察职能定位不清,基层民警疲于奔命却效率低下,降低了社会对警察的信任。另外,有关维护警察权威法律制度的不健全和网络舆情缺乏有效监管也是导致警察合法性危机产生的重要原因。国家和公安机关自身都应积极采取有效措施,帮助警察化解危机,重塑警察权威。     

Typology of State Types: Persistence and Transition

Research on state fragility has seldom examined questions of persistence and transition of states. We develop a sixfold typology of states to examine how key structural features of states evolve and contribute to successful exits from fragility in some cases and persistence in others. Particularly worrisome is the lack of positive transition among the weakest states. Our findings are derived from a minimalist construct of a refined time series data set involving state indicators of authority, legitimacy, and capacity. Case studies of some of the more turbulent examples support our state trajectories. Additionally, changes in legitimacy most often led state transitions into or out of fragility. Implications of intervention policy for transitioning states out of fragility are addressed, and these are given particular focus since fragile states experience at least twice the intensity/incidence of internal armed conflict compared to other states.     

浅析职代会审议职权

审议权是职代会基本职权之一,特别是在改革日趋深化阶段,更是承担着维护职工合法权益的责任。但是由于审议权的权限,它与其他职权的行使范围和程度还是有所不同,因此,在实际工作中,准确区别审议职权的工作内容、工作对象和工作性质是非常必要的一件大事。     

论转型期政府权威

特定的历史——社会——文化条件决定了中国的现代化进程主要由政府的权威来推动,而当前种种迹象表明,我国政府权威正呈现出逐渐弱化的倾向。提升我国政府权威,政府要提高维护社会再分配的能力,加强自身建设,提高运行效率,提高政府文化的引导能力。     

公有公共设施国家赔偿制度的立法探讨

确立公有公共设施的国家赔偿责任仍然是我国法律领域悬而未决的领域。参照世界各国的立法,一方面这是民法中特殊侵权行为的一种,另一方面也是国家赔偿法中遵循合法性原则的赔偿制度。在我国向市场经济转型的过程中,公共领域和私人领域的界线正在形成,因此在对公有公共设施的国家赔偿进行专门立法,有利于促进依法行政和保障公民权益。     

Cracking Through Hegemonic Ideology: The Logic of Formal Justice

In this analysis I argue for the independent effects on social change of the internal logic of formal justice. Institutionally, oppositional ideas that challenge the legitimacy of a hegemonic system emerge in “safe spaces” that subordinate groups create within a culture dominated by hegemonic ideas. The oppositional ideas derive in part from an existing informal culture of opposition, access to repertories of contention, and favorable openings in the political system. In addition, however, these ideas are often propelled independently by the logic of formal justice, in which, when the reasons for separate treatment have been discredited, equality is the default option. The analysis demonstrates the power of this logic and suggests that it spreads through the mechanism of “organized activist” variation and “everyday activist” selection.     

权利的实现与“有限侵害性”的社会权力——从贫困治理出发的思考

如何实现、保障和发展公民所拥有的法律上的权利?对这一问题的研究不应该再继续局限于国家与市民社会两分法这样一种简单化的理论框架。因为在当前,这一理论框架只是驱使研究者关注国家权力如何从社会中退出,关注国家权力对社会自治的侵害,而忽视了对社会权力的有限侵害性特点的研究。社会权力的有限侵害性最鲜明地体现在公民社会基本权利的保障和实现中,也即对贫困的治理。     

论我国房屋征收的社会稳定风险评估机制的功能定位及其架构——一个风险规制的行政法学视角

我国房屋征收领域已经存在系统的社会风险。作为政治系统对法律系统的环境影响,重塑征收的合法性应注意房屋征收法制中社会稳定风险评估机制的功能定位;凝聚价值共识、扩大公众参与、注重反思理性应当成为房屋征收社会稳定评估机制的架构基础。     

The file on operation “Priboi”: A re-assessment of the mass deportations of 1949

Abstract

Using information from documents found in the Russian State Military Archives, this article discusses the organization and execution of the Soviet mass deportations from the Baltic States in March 1949 — code-named Operation “Priboi” by the USSR MVD. These findings are presented for the first time in English, in the context both of established historiographical interpretations and recent literature on the deportations. The aim is to encourage a scholarly reassessment of Operation “Priboi” as a crime against humanity perpetrated by the Soviet occupation regime, but supported by indigenous collaborators to a far greater degree than previously assumed.     

司法审查正当性论争之辨析

司法审查的正当性论争所造成的司法审查正当性困窘,堪称司法审查乃＂知难行易＂。辩解和诘难司法审查的两种立场,无不从民主、分权、人权与司法审查之关联以证立或驳斥司法审查,其中又内在地勾连着宪法的性质、立法与司法的关系、宪法解释的方法。此种理论上的分异乃至对立,端在于司法审查的正当性问题已非一般意义的司法的正当性问题,而是因司法审查内含修宪,遂转成为政治正当性问题。民主、分权、人权正是关联着司法审查权的依据、方式和目标三个方面,从而成为证立或驳斥司法审查所必然涉及者。而对民主、分权、人权的理解和判定,又往往人言人殊,由此造成理论上的各执一词、分庭抗礼。然而,在证立与驳斥司法审查之间,逻辑上的要求是不对等的。此所以司法审查在理论上困难重重,在实践上却大行其道。此亦所谓＂知行分离＂。