An assessment of the usefulness of routine histological examination in hanging deaths

A retrospective study was carried out on 100 randomly selected medico-legal autopsies of victims who had committed suicide by hanging. All cases had undergone full police and coronial investigation. Complete external and internal examinations had been carried out including routine histological examination of organs. The age range of victims was 15-94 years (average, 41.7 years) with a male-to-female ratio of 7:1. External and internal injuries were consistent with the reported events. Diagnoses based purely on histology included hepatic steatosis (n = 16), asthma (n = 3), lymphocytic thyroiditis (n = 2), and pulmonary and cardiac sarcoidosis (n = 1). A large cell carcinoma of the lung and a rectal adenocarcinoma were confirmed. Histological evaluation was, however, of limited usefulness in contributing to the medico-legal evaluation of cases, with careful scene, external and internal examinations providing the most relevant information. The results of histological examination of tissues were all incidental to the cause, mechanism, and manner of death.     

注册会计师审计意见失误的法律责任研究

注册会计师审计对提高会计信息的质量,保证证券市场实现其优化配置资源的功能起着重要的作用。90年代以来,涉及注册会计师法律责任的诉讼案件此起彼伏,民间审计进入了“诉讼爆炸”的时代。本文就注册会计师审计意见失误与法律责任的关系进行一些探讨,分析了审计意见失误的法律责任界定方面的现状,并针对民间审计的诉讼特点提出了一些改进的设想。     

缩小东西部差距:德国财政平衡制度及借鉴

出于统筹城乡发展、区域发展的考虑,由于巨大的东西部财政差异、转移支付任务艰巨和纵向转移支付本身的缺陷、中央财政的巨大压力等,中国必然要选择以纵向平衡为主,纵横交错的转移支付模式,而德国在统一进程中所采取的财政措施特别是财政平衡制度提供了一种可以借鉴的模式。     

论警察权力和公民权利的平衡——以比例原则和法律保留原则为视角

警察权力是为公民权利而设,警察权力行使的滥用或不力,都不利于保障公民权利,从比例原则角度讲,警察权应依比例行使,行使权力谋求的目的与对公民权利的影响应当成比例、相适应,包括刑事侦查权、行政调查权、检查权和枪支使用权都应按照各自的比例原则要求行使.从法律保留原则角度讲,凡限制公民人身自由权利的强制措施和处罚均应以法律来规定.目前,法律规定过于笼统,缺乏具体化、个别化规定,还存在以行政规章规定上述事项的现象.面对法律的完善和政府职能及责任的逐渐规范,应强化警察权在日常警务活动中的依法行使,并保证政府为应对突发性事件、灾害性事件、影响重大公共安全利益事件发挥警察权的能动作用.     

Epidemiological accountability: philanthropists,global health and the audit of saving lives

Abstract

There have been concerns about the recent private turn and re-emergence of philanthropies in world health, with many worrying about philanthropies’ perceived lack of transparency and accountability. In contrast, I argue that while the private turn might have led to a decline in democratic or public accountability, it did not bring an end to all forms of accountability. Specifically, I suggest that philanthropists’ involvement in global health has led to the spread of another, new form of accountability: epidemiological accountability. The latter is a combination of two regimes of expertise and practices hitherto kept separate: audit and epidemiology. To substantiate this argument, I draw on my research on the Bloomberg Initiative – a global effort to reduce tobacco use spearheaded by the Bloomberg and Gates foundations.     

我国经济责任审计评价中存在的问题

当前,我国在经济责任审计评价方面存在评价内容不够明晰,评价对象不很明确,经济责任的界限划分不清,评价结果比较空洞等问题。应当从严格规范评价程序、正确界定经济责任、明确评价结果和提高审计人员素质等方面入手解决问题。     

平衡论之价值——以美国政府有关公民言论自由的理念嬗变为例

平衡论是现代行政法学及宪法学的重要基础理论,对于指导我国行政法制建设,推动社会主义市场经济体制的建立,实现民主与效率的有机统一具有重要的意义。美国政府有关公民言论自由之理念嬗变为平衡论的价值作了最好的诠释。     

论发展我国国有商业银行表外业务的对策

我国国有商业银行表外业务发展缓慢的主要原因有：银行业分业管理的体制约束,经营环境的约束,银行体制改革滞后,经营理念陈旧以及专业人才和技术缺乏。为促进我国国有商业银行表外业务健康和快速的发展,应加快完善产权结构,实行适度混业经营,树立现代多元化经营理念,做好整体发展规划,提高整体营销水平,健全风险防范机制,加大人才培养与技术支持力度。     

后冷战时期俄罗斯的外交构想及评价

冷战结束后,面对国际格局的深刻转型和自身实力的急剧下降,从维护大国地位和影响力出发,俄罗斯国内就对外政策进行了激烈的争论并形成了不同的构想。这种争论源于国家身份的不确定或者说多重性,表明俄罗斯还没有形成一致认同的世界观,并在很大程度上导致对外政策缺乏一致性。新世纪以来,随着俄罗斯对外政策的进一步调整,这种状况才有所改观。