Linkages between the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols – Enhancing Synergies between Protecting the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate

The international treaties for the protection of the ozone layer and the global climate are closely related. Not only has the Montreal Protocol for the protection of the ozone layer served as a useful example in developing the international climate regime, but policies pursued in both issue areas influence each other. This paper gives an overview of the many ways in which both treaty systems are linked functionally and politically. It investigates, in particular, the tension that has arisen with respect to the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases and the potential for drawing on the experience under the Montreal Protocol regarding data reporting and policy design on fluorinated greenhouse gases under the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The potentials for enhancing synergy in these areas are explored, and related options discussed. Some initiatives for exploiting these potentials are already underway, aiming in particular at enhancing learning and exchanging of information. However, political choices concerning some of the issues willeventually need to be made, if action at the international level is to contribute to their solution.     

经济转型：中国-东盟相互投资与产业合作

本文认为中国-东盟相互投资与产业合作需要进行经济转型，指出双方合作面临的挑战，并提出了应对措施。     

海峡两岸遣返刑事犯或刑事嫌疑犯的困境和范围

在两岸遣返实践中,两岸对遣返性质的争论、遣返规范缺乏可操作性以及两岸对遣返对象的争论,是制约两岸刑事犯遣返机制顺利进行的三大困境.遣返的对象主要是刑事犯或刑事嫌疑犯,但还存在一定的限制性条件.     

浅谈对《海峡两岸共同打击犯罪及刑事司法互助协议》的理解和适用——以人犯遣返为视角

《海峡两岸共同打击犯罪及刑事司法互助协议》的签订，在共同打击犯罪、判刑人移管、司法协助、业务交流等方面都发挥了显著作用，有力保障了两岸交往秩序与同胞权益。但是由于历史的、法律的和制度上的原因，仍然存在着一些亟待修补和完善的地方。     

相互制约:联盟管理的核心机制

内容提要:本文主要探讨联盟管理过程中盟友之间互动的动态机制。通过归纳和推理,笔者发现,联盟维持和管理的机制是相互制约,两个变量——盟友之间的权力对比和意图匹配程度——通过相互制约的核心机制影响联盟的命运。按权力对比,联盟可以区分为对称性联盟和非对称性联盟;按联盟内部的国家意图,联盟可以区分为防御性联盟和进攻性联盟。这样,将至少有四个"理想型"联盟,每一个"理想型"联盟都存在自身特有的互动动态。总的来说,在对称性联盟中,若盟友意图一致,则彼此相互制约易于成功,联盟容易管理;反之,则不易管理。在非对称性联盟中,只有当强国为防御性现实主义国家而弱国为进攻性现实主义国家时,相互制约才相对困难,联盟才较难管理。文章以第一次世界大战前的法俄联盟、20世纪中叶的中苏联盟以及20世纪50年代之后的美日联盟作为案例,对本文提出的联盟管理理论进行验证。     

加强民间交流 促进中国－东盟政治互信

本文论述中国与东盟的关系，着重论述了中国与东盟加强民间交流对促进中国与东盟政治互信的作用。认为只要东盟非政府组织、学术界、智库网络与中国方面的平行和互补作用得到加强，官民之间以及民间在文化、历史、政治和安全、经济等关键领域的联系更加密切，中国与东盟的民间外交轨道将朝着纵深延伸。     

IMF职能改革：美国的观点及其评析

金融危机的频繁发生对于国际货币基金组织及其职能提出了挑战,国际社会对于IMF改革的呼声日益高涨。美国关于IMF职能改革的主流观点是要进一步强化其危机预防和管理职能,反对为克服金融危机而提供大规模援助。这一观点既具有合理性,也存在明显的缺陷和不足。国际货币基金组织的改革应遵循公平、公开的原则,要加快制度创新和完善治理结构,其职能应随国际经济环境变化及时加以调整和不断完善。     

Computer based testing – Bolls v. W. Scott Street,Sec'y of Va. Bd. of Bar Exmnrs., August 11, 2009, case no. 090915

The most significant change to law licensing in the United States is the recent¹ reliance on computer-based testing for the bar exam in all of the fifty states. The following comment piece is meant to inform the computer and technology law community how the use of testing software must necessarily be accompanied by additional procedural protections and corrective processes that may not have existed previously. Chief among these is the availability of discovery of the item in question, namely in this case the essays in a computer-based bar exam, which constitutes evidence that is essential to vindicating one's rights when a software failure occurs.     

The Regulatory Role of Social Policy: Macao's Social Security Development

Central to the regulation theory of social policy is the argument that the welfare state has played a key role in the maintenance of the proper working of capitalism. Starting from the core argument of the theory, this article attempts to demonstrate that the Social Security Fund, a cornerstone of Macao's social security system, achieved three major regulatory functions in relation to the perpetuation of capitalism from the establishment of the fund in 1990 to 2005: legitimisation, reproduction and disciplinisation. There was a watershed year in 2002 in which the predominant regulatory forms displayed a qualitative shift from legitimisation to reproduction and disciplinisation. The shift is explained in terms of different interplays of the political and economic forces within the basic structural constraint of the capitalist social system.     

Economic Aid: The End of Phase II and the Impact on Sustainable Peacebuilding in Northern Ireland

Abstract

Economic aid has been a critical component of the peace process in Northern Ireland allowing for community-based interventions, employment, social inclusion and regional stability. With the second round of funding coming to a close this essay explores the thoughts and perceptions of civil servants, fund administrators and community group leaders in Derry, Belfast and the Border Area to consider peoples reflections on the outcome of funding, concerns for the future once funding ends, what vital work is still needed and what strategies exist to continue the work of peace after the cessation of Phase II.