参香养胃散治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎及癌前病变临床与实验研究

目的 :观察参香养胃散 (SXYWP)对慢性萎缩性胃炎 (CAG)治疗效果及不典型增生 (IM )的逆转疗效。方法 :临床研究 :经胃镜和病理确诊为CAG伴IM患者 68例 ,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组 51例口服SXYWP ,对照组 17例口服猴头菌片 ,疗程均为 3个月。实验研究 :①用中性红清除率法测定家兔静脉注射SXYWP水煎剂后胃粘膜血流量的改变情况 ;②观察SXYWP水煎剂对无水乙醇造成大白鼠胃粘膜急性损伤的保护作用 ;③观察SXYWP水煎剂对实验性大鼠CAG的保护作用。结果 :SXYWP及猴头菌片对CAG及癌前病变患者的综合疗效分别为 92 .16%和 70 .59% ,经统计学处理 ,P <0 .0 5。SXYWP水煎剂能增加家兔胃粘膜的血流量 ,对无水乙醇造成大白鼠胃粘膜损伤有明显的保护作用 ,对CAG大鼠的病理改变及分泌功能具有保护作用 ,结果优于三九胃泰组 (P <0 .0 5)。结论 :SXYWP对CAG及癌前期病变有治疗和预防作用。     

冠状动脉急性病变斑块内Toll样受体-4表达的研究

目的探讨Toll样受体4（TLR4）与冠状动脉粥样硬化（AS）斑块急性病变的关系。方法从本教研室2004～2007年尸检档案中挑选24例病例及其心脏标本。分为实验组（有冠脉急性病变的SCD者）、对照组Ⅰ（无冠脉急性病变的SCD者）和对照组Ⅱ（冠脉无严重AS的暴力死者）等3组，每组8例。用免疫组化SABC法和图像分析技术定量检测TLR4在各组冠状动脉AS斑块内表达的平均光密度值（OD），所得数据用SPSS14．0统计学软件进行分析处理并比较各组间的差异。结果实验组冠状动脉AS斑块中TLR4表达呈强阳性，对照组Ⅰ呈相对较弱的阳性表达，而对照组Ⅱ冠状动脉壁及轻度增厚的内膜处均未见阳性表达，其OD值（0．4662±0．0190）与两个对照组（分别为0．3361±0．0165，0．2463±0．0190）相比，对照组Ⅰ与对照组Ⅱ相比，其差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论冠状动脉AS斑块中TLR4的表达情况可视作为冠状动脉AS斑块发生急性病变的一个病理诊断指标，也是诊断冠心病猝死的重要依据之一。     

A Case of Sudden Death Due to Persistent Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension After Late Atrial Septal Defect Closure

Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are one of the most prevalent congenital cardiac anomalies in adults. These interatrial communications can produce changes in the right heart (remodeling and failure) and the lungs (pulmonary hypertension). Most adults with ASDs are surgically treated with excellent results. However, a small fraction of patients is at risk for postoperative complications, particularly the persistence of pulmonary hypertension. A case of a 47‐year‐old woman who was found unresponsive in the bathroom of her house and died despite resuscitative efforts is described. According to medical records, the woman underwent a surgical repair of an atrial septal defect at the age of 37. At the autopsy, macroscopic and microscopic signs of advanced pulmonary hypertension were detected, highlighting the importance for the forensic pathologists to recognize pulmonary hypertension as a cause of sudden death in adults with a history of late surgical closure of an atrial septal defect.     

快乐教学与右脑智力开发

快乐教学与右脑智力开发相结合的教学方法,体现着“以学生为中心”,以右脑智力开发为目的的基本观点。它从根本上改变了传统的教学模式。使学习变得轻松愉快,也使学生更富于直观能力、综合判断能力和创造力。     

The Importance of Microscopic Examination of the Lungs in Decedents with Sustained Central Intravascular Catheters: A Nine‐Case Series

Indwelling intravascular catheters provide convenient access to healthcare personnel and also recreational intravenous drug users who inject suspensions of oral medications. A nine‐case series of autopsies of clinically stable decedents with indwelling catheters and sudden death is herein presented. Pulmonary histologic findings were consistent with intravenous administration of oral medications in all cases. In eight, the mechanism of death was directly attributed to occlusive vascular embolization of foreign material, with or without contribution of acute drug toxicity. In one, the mechanism of death was solely attributed to acute drug toxicity. Acute, massive embolization of foreign material may explain sudden death by vascular obstruction, whereas chronic repeated injections lead to obliteration of the pulmonary vasculature, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, and cardiac failure. Therefore, a complete autopsy with histologic examination of the lungs and toxicology testing is recommended in patients with indwelling catheters to determine the cause and mechanism of death.     

艾灸督脉组穴对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆能力和RAGE、LRP-1表达的影响

目的观察艾灸督脉组穴对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞(brain microvascular endothelial cells,BMECs)晚期糖基化终产物受体(receptor for advanced glycation end products,RAGE)和低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白-1(LDL-receptor related protein-1,LRP-1)表达的影响,探讨艾灸督脉组穴治疗VD的作用机制。方法采用Morris水迷宫筛选后,将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、艾灸组,每组12只。采用颈总动脉结扎反复缺血再灌注法复制模型,艾灸组取“百会”“大椎”“风府”温和灸30 min,每日1次,7次为1个疗程,共治疗4个疗程。采用Morris水迷宫法对大鼠进行行为学检测,采用免疫组织化学法检测皮质和海马组织中RAGE和LRP-1表达水平,并分析行为学检测结果与RAGE和LRP-1之间的相关性。结果各时间点模型组逃避潜伏期均较正常组明显延长(P<0.05),艾灸组逃避潜伏期均较模型组明显缩短(P<0.05);模型组大鼠穿越平台次数明显少于正常组(P<0.05),艾灸组大鼠穿越平台次数明显多于模型组(P<0.05)。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠海马和皮质中RAGE表达增多,LRP-1表达减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组比较,艾灸组大鼠海马和皮质中RAGE表达减少、LRP-1表达增多,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大鼠穿越平台次数与海马和皮质内RAGE存在显著负相关关系,与海马和皮质内LRP-1存在显著正相关关系。结论艾灸督脉组穴可明显改善VD大鼠的学习记忆能力,其机制可能与下调大鼠BMECs的RAGE表达和上调LRP-1表达有关。