Women and Men who Committed Murder: Male/Female Psychopathic Homicides

The present study was designed to compare gender differences in psychiatric diagnosis with the dimension of psychopathy in women and men who had attempted or committed homicide. The study samples consisted of 39 homicidal females and 48 homicidal males who were confined in one of Italy’s REMS or prison facilities in two southern provinces of Italy (Puglia and Basilicata). Assessment instruments included the SCID-5, the PID-5 IRF, and the PCL-R. Each gender group was stratified according to the level of criminal responsibility for the homicidal offense (full, partial, absent), and after assessments, according to the degree of the psychopathic dimension. There were clear gender differences in homicidal individuals. Female offenders were less likely to have had a record of criminal charges/convictions or imprisonment, and their homicides were more often intrafamilial, victimizing especially of their children, whereas males targeted intimate partners and extrafamilial victims. In the entire group, there was an inverse relationship between the level of psychopathy and the personality disorder on one side, and the psychotic disturbance on the other. Factor 2 (lifestyle/antisocial dimension) of the PCL-R was higher among the homicidal males, whereas females tended to score higher on Factor 1 (the interpersonal/affective dimension). Finally, if the psychopathic dimension is a qualifier for antisocial personality disorder, as indicated in DSM-5, this appears to be less true for females who tend to have other personality disorders.     

行为金融信息中介的网贷平台信息披露规则

从金融属性上看,网贷平台提供的是借贷信息中介服务。信息披露是其主营业务内容,平台不能参与借贷交易,否则将使流动性等风险大量集中到平台并引发严重后果。从法律性质来看,网贷平台则是借贷居间商,应当向交易双方履行相应的信息披露义务。网贷业务兼具金融和网络化特点,我国《合同法》第425条的一般性规定无法有效规制网贷平台的信息披露行为。P2P网络借贷信息披露监管规范虽初具体系,但还需围绕投资者等金融消费者保护这一根本宗旨进行改进,使信息披露内容以普通消费者等客户认知水平和需求为导向,信息披露义务的履行贯穿借贷合同存续的全过程,平台违反信息披露义务应当承担相应的民事责任等。     

Critical Review of the Equivalence between P2P Lending and Debt-Based Crowdfunding

The equivalence theory between P2P lending and debt-based crowd-funding mistakenly equates the debt-based crowd-funding that recognized by itself and that in the JOBS Act, which has misled the Chinese regulators in terms of regulatory timing and strategy, distorted the credit risk control system in relation to risk prevention, and kicked off many regulatory conundrums concerned with the P2P lending participants’ role in the context of securities regulation. The rules and regulations concerning debt-based crowd-funding in the JOBS Act are not transplantable for P2P lending regulation in China,nor is the securities regulatory regime. In order to avoid the negative effects caused by the equivalence theory, we should abandon it.     

Rechtsanwälte,Disziplinarrecht, Werbung,Meinungsäußerungsfreiheit

Die zugrundeliegende Disziplinarstrafbestimmung ist hinreichend bestimmt. Eine demokratische Gesellschaft kann die inkriminierte Werbung hinnehmen, ohne dass der Schutz des guten Rufes oder das Ansehen und die Unparteilichkeit der Rsp Schaden erleiden. Die Disziplinarstrafe verletzt die Bf im Grundrecht auf Meinungs?u?erungsfreiheit, indem die bel Beh dem Gesetz einen verfassungswidrigen Inhalt unterstellt hat.     

参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R治疗2型糖尿病临床观察

目的:观察参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R治疗2型糖尿病的疗效。方法:60例2型糖尿病患者,随机分为两组,治疗组30例,用参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R治疗;对照组30例,单用诺和灵50R治疗。12周后观察疗效,监测空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、中餐前血糖、晚餐前血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)。结果:治疗后两组患者血糖均得到良好控制,两组血糖值和HbA1C比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),治疗组诺和灵50R治疗有效剂量较对照组节约20%(P<0.01),治疗组出现1例低血糖反应,对照组出现8例低血糖反应,与治疗组有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:参芪降糖颗粒配合诺和灵50R降低血糖作用明显,可减少诺和灵50R用量,且安全性好。     

Exekutiver Zugriff auf eine Genossenschaftswohnung

Beim exekutiven Zugriff auf eine Genossenschaftswohnung kann der Privatgl?ubiger des Genossenschafters der Wohnungsgenossenschaft dessen Bestandrecht pf?nden und sich zur Ausübung der Kündigung des Rechtsverh?ltnisses gem § 333 EO erm?chtigen lassen, um dann im Wege der Forderungsexekution auf das Auseinandersetzungsguthaben des Genossenschafters greifen zu k?nnen. Gegen den Verwertungsantrag kann der Verpflichtete das Exekutionshindernis einwenden, die Genossenschaftswohnung sei unentbehrlicher Wohnraum. Dieser Einwand ist nur dann berechtigt, wenn der Verpflichtete behauptet und nachweist, dass ihm die erforderlichen Mittel für die Anschaffung einer zumutbaren Ersatzwohnung und für die übersiedlung fehlen. Die zumutbare Ersatzwohnung muss nur bescheidenen Ansprüchen gerecht werden.     

Species identification of some common necrophagous flies in Guangdong province,southern China based on the rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2)

Recent studies suggest that sequence analysis technique displays a tempting foreground in identifying unknown specimens of necrophagous flies. In this study, we analyzed 63 complete ITS2 sequences concerning 29 fly species to evaluate the identification potential of the ITS2 region, among of which 41 sequence entries were obtained by sequencing and 22 sequence entries were available on the line. Additionally, phenetic method was recommended to substitute for phylogenetic method because it is very difficult to align the ITS2 sequences. The neighbor-joining tree generated by clustalx1.81 allowed us to differentiate each species. Meanwhile the tree topology also suggested that the ITS2 region showed no resolution for the distinction of geographical populations of some species. The overlapping between intra- and interspecific variation revealed by sequence analyses did not affect species identification. High sequence homology between some congeneric species required further sequencing for forensic practice.     

Individualrecht jedes Wohnungseigentümers gegenüber dem WE-Verwalter auf jederzeitige,bloß durch das allgemeine Schikaneverbot begrenzte Einsichtnahme in die Belege des gesonderten Kontos der Eigentümergemeinschaft nach § 20 Abs 6 WEG 2002

Der WE-Verwalter hat, ausgestattet mit allen Rechten und Pflichten eines Machthabers iSd §§ 1002ff ABGB, nach § 20 Abs 6 WEG 2002 jedem Wohnungseigentümer auf dessen Verlangen jederzeit (§ 1012), also ohne Beschr?nkung auf bestimmte Zeitr?ume oder auf das Vorliegen wichtiger Gründe, Einsicht in die Belege des gesonderten Kontos der Eigentümergemeinschaft (oder des Anderkontos des WE-Verwalters) zu erm?glichen. Dieses Individualrecht wird lediglich durch das allgemeine Schikaneverbot gem § 1295 ABGB begrenzt.     

东南亚问题的重要教学参考书--《东盟读本》与《第二东盟读本》之介评

本文首先简要介绍了《东盟读本》与《第二东盟读本》的基本内容,接着对其出版背景、收录文献的内容与特色等进行比较与分析,最后推介这两本文集应当成为东盟和东南亚问题教学与研究的重要参考书。     

The effects of base rate and cutoff point choice on commonly used measures of association and accuracy in recidivism research

Several measures of association and accuracy commonly used in the recidivism literature are examined for their sensitivity to variations in the proportion observed to recidivate (the base rate) and in the proportion selected for classification as recidivists (selection ratio). Logistic regression models are employed on a sample of 11,749 convicted offenders to generate predicted probabilities of four recidivism criteria varying in base rates from 0.06 to 0.48. Cutoff point selections from 0.1 to 0.9 show the effects of cutoff point changes on the following commonly used measures of association and accuracy: RIOC (relative improvement over chance), MCR (mean cost rating), Φ, γ, PRE (proportion reduction in error), and percentage correct. While all these statistics vary across base rate and cutoff points, some vary more than others: RIOC varies across cutoff points more than MCR, MCR more than Φ, and Φ more than γ. Researchers comparing such statistics across studies need be wary of the dangers of ignoring such variation.