澳大利亚ADR的发展与启示(上)

ADR是澳大利亚纠纷解决的重要机制之一。以行业、社区为基础的ADR以及司法ADR的发达是澳大利亚ADR的两大特征。诉讼理念的转变、诉讼程序的改革与案件管理制度促进了澳大利亚ADR的发展。在ADR与诉讼机制的协调以及对ADR的规范化方面,澳大利亚有值得我国借鉴之处。     

我国公务员考核存在的主要问题与对策分析

公务员考核是正确评价公务员德才表现和工作实绩，促进勤政廉洁，提高工作效能，建设高素质公务员队伍的重要环节。经过多年的努力与探索，我国公务员考核工作取得了很大的成绩，特别是2006年《中华人民共和国公务员法》的实施和2007年1月《公务员考核规定（试行）》的颁布，把公务员考核工作推向了一个新的高度。但也应该看到。在公务员考核过程中仍然存在一些亟待解决的问题，制约了公务员考核工作的进一步开展。本文就当前我国公务员考核中存在的主要问题进行了梳理，分析了产生这些问题的原因，提出了解决问题的若干对策性建议。     

Operationalising participatory research and farmer-to-farmer extension: the Kamayoq in Peru

While rural poverty is endemic in the Andean region, structural adjustment programmes have led to a dismemberment of agricultural research and extension services so that they are unable to serve the needs of smallholder farmers. The NGO Practical Action has been working in the Andes to address farmers' veterinary and agriculture needs. The work has included the training of farmer-to-farmer extension agents, known locally as Kamayoq. The Kamayoq have encouraged farmer participatory research, and local farmers pay them for their veterinary and crop advisory services in cash or in kind. The Kamayoq model is largely an unsubsidised approach to the provision of appropriate technical services and encouragement of farmer participation. The model also illustrates that, in the context of encouraging farmer participation and innovation, NGOs have advantages over research organisations because of their long-term presence, ability to establish trust with local farmers, and their emphasis on social and community processes.     

Childhood poverty and evidence-based policy engagement in Ethiopia

This article explores efforts to bridge multi-disciplinary research and policy engagement to tackle child poverty in the contexts of developing countries, based on the experiences of Young Lives, an international longitudinal policy-research project. It focuses on a case study involving the application of research evidence on child poverty to shape policy debates concerning Ethiopia's second-generation Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (2006–2010). The discussion is situated within theoretical literature on the interface between knowledge, policy, and practice, which supports the conceptualisation of policy making as a non-linear dynamic process. It pays particular attention to the importance of understanding the political and policy contexts of Southern countries, rather than assuming that they should simply import Northern-derived models of advocacy. It concludes by identifying general lessons for translating research into social-policy change.     

大飞机项目视域下的航空民法研究

积极、稳步地推进大飞机项目,需要完善的法制保障和配套的法学研究。作为航空法学最重要的学科分支,航空民法与大飞机项目关系最为密切。自觉地把研究内容、研究方法、研究成果纳入大飞机项目视域下,是今后很长一段时期航空民法研究的根本思路。     

秩序、正义、自由及其对警察权的制约——以《治安管理处罚法》为讨论起点

新的《治安管理处罚法》，与旧的《治安管理处罚条例》比较而言，在许多制度和理念上都有了不少进步，尤其在限制警察权力方面进步巨大，但是由于其在我国行政法中具有重要地位，因此对其具体制度和内容进行理论分析十分必要。本文在对《治安管理处罚法》背后蕴藏和体现的秩序、正义、自由三大立法价值评述的基础上，指出了本法目前仍存在的一些行为内容和具体制度设计上的不足和欠缺，希望通过完善其立法理念和制度设计，推动我国行政法理念的转变和人权保护层次的提高，并最终有助于我国法治国家的建立。     

New forms of environmental governance? A case study of Costa Rican environmental NGOs

Increasingly development theorists and practitioners view NGOs as catalysts of sustainable development. NGOs have been regarded as champions of democratisation and promoters of new ways of engaging in politics, with considerable influence on the development of civil society and new partnerships in environmental and social advocacy. This article analyses the ways in which Costa Rican environmental NGOs (ENGOs) engage in politics, by focusing on their perceptions of their roles in environmental governance and in representation of civil society. The results of this study suggest that the ENGOs' ways of engaging in politics differ little from traditional forms of governance, while their conceptions of engaging in politics without being political are novel. While most ENGOs had no clear conception of the stakeholders whom they were supposed to be representing, the notion of representativeness is complex and should be revisited.     

International volunteering for development and sustainability: outdated paternalism or a radical response to globalisation?

This article discusses the history and evolution of international volunteer-sending agencies and volunteers as a response not only to symptoms but also to causes of global poverty and inequality. It considers how international volunteers might be defined, what makes their role different from other forms of overseas development assistance (particularly their contribution to capacity development), and the positives and negatives that may accompany those differences. It also reflects on international volunteers' suitability as contributors in the transition to a globally more ecologically sustainable state, presenting some insights from volunteers and other stakeholders.     

民事诉讼审前准备程序之功能分析

审前准备程序是民事诉讼的重要阶段，各国民事司法改革的实践都给予很大关注。审前准备程序与庭审程序相比而言有着独立的程序价值．在程序功能上也与庭审程序不同。通过对审前准备程序进行功能分析，笔者认为其功能可以分为核心功能和具体功能两个层次。核心功能包括为庭审做好充分的准备和促进审前纠纷解决两方面：具体功能包括争点的整理固定、证据的收集整理和固定、促进和解、抑制当事人的机会主义行为、减少诉累并降低诉讼成本等。