中国“高储蓄现象”的部门分析:1952～2008

本文测算了1952～2008年中国居民、政府与企业三部门的储蓄率并分析了各部门储蓄率的变化及其原因。本文的研究发现:(1)经历了一个较长的下降周期后政府储蓄率在国民储蓄中的地位已经居于居民储蓄与企业储蓄之后。政府储蓄率的下降一方面源自政府在国民收入中的比重下降,另一方面源自政府储蓄倾向降低,这与市场化改革导致的国民收入分配结构变化与政府的职能变化密切相连。(2)上世纪80年代中期后随着企业体制改革的深化,预算软约束逐步硬化,买方市场逐步形成,企业的效益有了明显改善,企业可支配收入在国民可支配收入中所占比重加大,因而企业储蓄在国民储蓄中的比重不断提高。(3)改革开放后,居民收入迅速增长与储蓄倾向上升推动中国居民储蓄率走高。企业与居民储蓄率的上升是中国储蓄在高位持续的原因。     

A city-level analysis of property crime clearance rates

Theft, burglary, and vehicle theft are among the most frequently committed and least commonly cleared Part I offenses in the United States, but have received disproportionately little attention in the clearance literature. This study contributes to recent efforts to remedy this shortage by presenting offense-specific analyses of burglary, larceny, and vehicle theft clearance rates in a sample of 110 large US cities. Data were gathered from the Uniform Crime Report, the Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics survey, and the American Community Survey. Independent variables comprised social disorganization measures (e.g. residential instability, poverty, etc.) and policing variables, including the use of broken windows policing. Although broken windows policing is related to higher clearance rates in a few prior studies, that effect was not observed in the present work. Racial diversity and police spending per capita (which were negatively associated with clearance rates) were the only variables that were significantly associated with the clearance of all three crimes.     

上海"十一五"口岸发展对出入境边防检查工作的影响及对策

"十一五"期间,上海出入境边防检查工作随着上海口岸的建设发展而发生显著的变化,并在促进上海经济社会发展和维护国家安全稳定中发挥越来越重要的作用.做好"十一五"期间上海边检工作,要坚持以树立科学发展观为指导,实现上海口岸出入境边防检查工作与口岸协调发展;要从提升上海城市国际竞争力出发,努力提高上海口岸通关效率;要牢记维护国家安全和社会稳定职责,进一步严密口岸控制防线.     

江苏省分类进出口对人民币实际汇率变动的敏感性

江苏是我国的进出口贸易大省,因此人民币汇率制度改革对江苏省经济发展的影响是深远的。为使江苏省进出口贸易保持健康发展,进而实现全省经济的持续增长,基于实证分析的结果,江苏省需进一步优化投入要素,发展多边贸易,扩大内需,提高企业对汇率变化的应对能力。     

反思交强险费率与交通违章挂钩——问题出在哪里?

保监会制定的《机动车交通事故责任强制保险费率浮动暂行办法》规定"保险费率与交通事故挂钩"。这一规定为保险费率与交通违章挂钩今后的"复活"埋下了伏笔。这种做法偏离了机动车交通事故责任强制保险的目的与宗旨,扭曲了交强险费率浮动机制的功能和本来的作用,有偏离法律法规的规定之嫌,且偏离了科学合理的原则。其实质是借用行政权力来强迫人们交纳不科学不合理的交强险费用。