甘肃省装备制造产业结构的发展演化：2002—2012

该文通过构建结构相似系数、产业需求弹性系数以及比较劳动生产率等统计量,探寻甘肃省装备制造产业发展演化过程中的特征和规律。研究发现,甘肃省装备制造产业结构整体上呈现出趋同性,但也有部分产业与其他产业间存在分化的迹象;金融制品产业市场容量存在进一步缩小的趋势,交通运输设备制造业在多数年份的市场容量均较小;产业内部的劳动生产率存在明显的差异性,且其变动趋势也不尽相同。     

对"高增长、低就业"原因的粗略分析

近十几年来,我国经济的发展出现了"高增长、低就业"的不协调局面,失业问题越来越突出.直接原因是就业弹性系数大幅度下降.就业弹性系数下降的主要原因,又在于第三产业的发展滞后,阻碍了第一、二产业的过剩劳动力向第三产业转移.因此,要解决我国就业问题,要害之点是要提高就业弹性系数,着力点则是要大力发展城乡第三产业.     

利用车辆动力性原理计算事故车车速误差的探究

目的高速公路上追尾事故时有发生,事故责任判定常要求鉴定被追尾车的车速,尤其对超载货车的车速鉴定。方法本文利用车辆动力性与车速的关系对发生追尾事故的事故车车速计算问题进行了研究。结果应用此法明确了功率平衡方程中主要参数的不同取值对最终车速计算误差的不同影响程度。结论研究表明,滚动阻力系数与坡度两者的取值误差对车速计算结果影响明显,应予高度重视。     

水库下游非均匀沙恢复饱和系数特性

泥沙恢复饱和系数是泥沙数学模型中一个非常重要的参数,其取值合理与否将直接关系到利用泥沙数学模型进行河床演变及相关研究的成败.基于三峡水库蓄水后长江中游荆江河段的实测水沙资料,以本河段三峡水库蓄水前多年平均输沙水平作为泥沙输移方程中的挟沙能力,对水库下游非均匀沙恢复饱和系数进行了率定与分析,并在总结其规律的同时从多个方面对率定结果的合理性进行了讨论.研究结果表明,水库下游非均匀沙恢复饱和系数的数量级一般可达10-3～10-1,并且一般随着泥沙粒径的增大而减小,随着河床冲刷历时的增加和床沙粗化程度的提高而呈递减的趋势.     

In silico toxicity as a tool for harm reduction: A study of new psychoactive amphetamines and cathinones in the context of criminal science

The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has raised many issues in the context of law enforcement and public drug policies. In this scenario, interdisciplinary studies are crucial to the decision-making process in the field of criminal science. Unfortunately, information about how NPS affect people's health is lacking even though knowledge about the toxic potential of these substances is essential: the more information about these drugs, the greater the possibility of avoiding damage within the scope of a harm reduction policy. Traditional analytical methods may be inaccessible in the field of forensic science because they are relatively expensive and time-consuming. In this sense, less costly and faster in silico methodologies can be useful strategies. In this work, we submitted computer-calculated toxicity values of various amphetamines and cathinones to an unsupervised multivariate analysis, namely Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and to the supervised techniques Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy and Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (SIMCA and PLS-DA) to evaluate how these two NPS groups behave. We studied how theoretical and experimental values are correlated by PLS regression. Although experimental data was available for a small amount of molecules, correlation values reproduced literature values. The in silico method efficiently provided information about the drugs. On the basis of our findings, the technical information presented here can be used in decision-making regarding harm reduction policies and help to fulfill the objectives of criminal science.     

Lipophilicity of fentalogs: Comparison of experimental and computationally derived data

Although fentanyl and a small number of derivatives used for medical or veterinary procedures are well characterized, physiochemical properties have not been determined for many of the newer fentanyl analogs. Partition coefficients (Log P) were determined for 19 fentalogs using the shake-flask method and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Experimentally determined partition coefficients were compared with computationally derived data using six independent software sources (ACD/LogP, LogKOWWIN v 1.69, miLogP 2.2, OsirisP, XLOGP 3.0, ALogPS 2.1). Fentalogs with a wide variety of structural modifications were intentionally selected, yielding Log P values ranging from 1.21 to 4.90. Comparison of experimental and computationally derived Log P values were highly correlated (R² 0.854–0.967). Overall, substructure-based modeling using fragmental methods or property-based topological approaches aligned more closely with experimentally determined Log P values. LC–MS/MS was also used to estimate pK_a values for fentalogs with no previously reported data. Lipophilicity and pK_a are important considerations for analytical detection and toxicological interpretation. In silico methods allow the determination of physicochemical information prior to certified reference materials being readily available for in vitro or in vivo studies. Computationally derived data can provide insight regarding physiochemical characteristics of future fentalogs and other classes of synthetic analogs that have yet to emerge.     

基于重心模型与泰勒系数的陕西省空间差异

文章通过重心模型以及泰勒系数对陕西省1989—2006年区域增长格局与地区差距进行了实证分析。分析结果表明,国家西部大开发战略实施以后陕北地区增速明显加快,区域增长重心持续向东北转移;通过泰勒系数及其分解的演变显示,三大地区间差距持续不断扩大,并且地区间差距的扩大快于总体经济差距的扩大。地带内的差距一直是影响陕西区域差距的主要影响力量,但是各地带内部地区经济差距在1995年之后呈现不同的特征。通过分析我们也注意到在1999—2006年陕北地区迅速崛起的同时,伴随区域增长格局“热点”的转移。热点区域内的地区差距会存在一个缩小的趋势,但是局部实证的结论能否适用于更大的范围区域内还需要进一步的检验。     

To have or not to have: Effects of economic inequality on turnout in European democracies

The effect of economic inequality on turnout has received considerable interest recently. Some studies suggest that inequality depresses turnout, others that the relationship is either the other way around or simply non-existent. Employing a large dataset with some 80,000 respondents from 30 European democracies, we show that great care is required when exploring inequality and turnout. On average, there is indeed a negative/positive effect of being below/above the median income in a country – but it is conditioned by inequality (measured as the Gini coefficient) and national wealth (measured as GDP per capita). Moreover, the two country-level factors interact in surprising ways. Based on our results we warn against claims of mono-causal relationships between the economic situation of voters and turnout.     

疏肝益阳胶囊对动脉性勃起功能障碍大鼠性功能及性腺质量的作用

目的 观察中药疏肝益阳胶囊对动脉性勃起功能障碍（arteriogenic erectile dysfunction, AED）模型大鼠性功能及睾丸和附属性腺器官质量的改善作用。 方法 选取3月龄成年雄性SD大鼠50只,采用双侧髂内动脉结扎法复制AED模型。设假手术组、模型组、西地那非组（每日10.5 mg/kg）、疏肝益阳胶囊大剂量组（每日1 g/kg）、疏肝益阳胶囊小剂量组（每日0.5 g/kg）,每组10只,灌胃给药,疗程30 d。行阿朴吗啡（apomorphine, APO）试验检测性功能,取双侧睾丸及附睾、前列腺、精囊腺、球海绵体肌,称湿质量并计算质量系数。结果 APO试验显示疏肝益阳胶囊大、小剂量可显著增加AED大鼠30 min内阴茎勃起次数P<0.01）。疏肝益阳胶囊大、小剂量可显著增加AED大鼠睾丸、附睾、球海绵体肌质量系数（P<0.05）。结论 疏肝益阳胶囊可明显改善AED大鼠的性功能,并可使睾丸及其附属性器官质量系数显著增加。     

制造业同构现象与收入变动的国际比较研究——基于中国长三角地区与日本东海地区的比较

运用产业同构系数、人均GDP、人均工资等指标,比较研究了20年来中国沪苏浙地区和日本东海地区产业分工与收入差距的现状和特征,研究结果显示：产业同构系数与收入差距变化间的关系并不确定。调节产业同构现象的措施对于缩小收入差距未必有确定的、显著的作用,解决收入差距应主要运用收入分配政策。