History, Violence and Self‐Glorification in Afro‐Mexican corridos from Costa Chica de Guerrero

'The poetry, the culture itself, exists not in a dictionary but in the tradition of the spoken word. It is based as much on sound as it is on song. That is to say, the noise that it makes is part of the meaning, and if you ignore the noise (or what you would think of as noise, shall I say), then you lose part of the meaning.'( Braithwaite, 1984 )
'Y no importa si es el calipso de Trinidad, o "dancehall" de Jamaica, o el choteo cubano o el chuchumbé mexicano, la expresión popular afro de toda la región ha tendido a aprovecharse del "relajamiento" como arma en socavar la estructura social dominante y a reconstruir un individuo más liberado.'¹( Pereira, 1995 )     

中古汉语疑问句中“为”字的词性及来源

"为"字在疑问句中用作语气副词,加强疑问语气,这是中古汉语所特有的语言现象.其用例始见于公元2世纪后期的东汉佛经,最初只用于是非问句和特指问句,大约在三国时期,功能扩展而可以用于反问句中.时下把这类"为"定性为表不确定推测语气的副词或表反问语气的副词的观点,都有失偏颇,它是一个可用于各类疑问句的语气副词.语气副词"为"产生的句法基础是选择问句,语义基础是"为"的判断词用法.在语气副词"为"的历时发展过程中,它的使用和发展表现出明显的不平衡性.语气副词"为"在唐代以后很快退出语言舞台,主要原因是"为"字在判断词竞争领域的全面崩溃.     

THE UNREPENTANT HORSE‐SLASHER: MORAL INSANITY AND THE ORIGINS OF CRIMINOLOGICAL THOUGHT*

This paper raises questions about the origins, definition and nature of criminological knowledge by seeking to identify the earliest examples of scientific criminological thought. Pushing the story further back in time than previous studies of criminological history, it proposes a way to think about criminology before criminologists—that is, efforts to study crime scientifically before the emergence of specifically criminological discourses and before the formation of the professional specialization of criminologist. The roots of scientific criminological thought lie in late 18th‐ and early 19th‐century discourses on the phenomenon of moral insanity, or uncontrollable, remorseless criminal behavior. Examination of these texts reveals both the origins of criminological knowledge and the birth of idea that crime can be studied scientifically.     

论历史重审的意义--一种历史观向度的思考

历史与实践是人类存在和存在方式的同位语,两者互为对象性而存在着并在其相互作用中互相创造.历史重审是发生在历史活动过程之中体现着创造历史的主观能动作用的人的感性活动.它既体现着人们以当代实践为基点从事历史活动的历史态度,又是人们在理解历史活动的同时经受着历史活动本身检验的过程中获得的历史评判的主观尺度.     

中华文化之根 华夏思想之源--《周易》在中华文化中的历史定位

民族魂是一个民族保持其凝聚力和团结向上的精神力量,她体现了这个民族最基本的宇宙观和人生哲学,而自强不息、厚德载物又分别是对<周易>中乾、坤这两个物象属性深刻领悟引伸出来的义理.正是这个深厚的文化底蕴、思想基石,使中华民族几千年来虽屡经磨难、分分合合,却不畏难险,同舟共济,转危为安,始终维系,发展为五十六个民族多元一体的格局.     

董康其人其书

董康是中国近代著名的文化人,其学术成就遍及戏曲、藏书、刻书、古籍整理、历史研究等众多领域。在法律方面,董康也作出了重大贡献,被称为民国初年四大法律大家之一。他既是中国近代最早的立法、司法工作者之一,也是中国最早从事法律教育、法学研究的学者之一。同时,在一定程度上,他还推动了中国近代律师业的发展。     

Exhibiting the Enlightenment: Joseph Banks’s Florilegium and Colonial Knowledge Production

ABSTRACT

The returned Australia-Japan Foundation Visiting Professor of Australian Studies at the University of Tokyo (2014–15), Anna Johnston, reflects on a 2014 exhibition held in Tokyo: The Bunkamura Museum of Art’s “Captain Cook’s Voyage and Banks’ Florilegium.” The Florilegium continues to have resonance as part of Australia’s complex colonial inheritance from the Enlightenment past. Its display and interpretation both overseas and within Australia provides an opportunity to better understand its origin in a pivotal historical period, globally, and its contribution to knowledge in arts and sciences. The Florilegium also reveals how Indigenous knowledge was central to European exploration and knowledge production. This article outlines contextual issues and seeks to provide a complex biography of this scientific and artistic artefact of Empire, in order to propose new ways of reading the Florilegium that pay attention to that enriched biography.     

A successful union in an era of decline: interrogating the growth of the Service Employees International Union, 1980-1995

ABSTRACT

Between 1980 and 1995, while John Sweeney was president, the membership of the Service Employees International Union rose from around 600,000 to over 1.1 million. It continued to increase after 1995, making the SEIU the largest and fastest-growing union in the country. This growth was remarkable because it occurred at a terrible time for unions, one where the overwhelming emphasis – in both the media and academic scholarship – was on labor’s decline. While scholars have noted the SEIU’s growth, there has been little sustained analysis of how it was achieved. Existing accounts also posit growth largely as a reflection of the union’s organizing prowess. Drawing on the SEIU’s papers and interviews, this article argues that the union’s growth under Sweeney did reflect its commitment to organizing. At the same time, the article makes a fresh contribution by showing that the SEIU also grew because of lesser-known factors, including the affiliation of independent unions and legislative advances in public sector rights. The SEIU also benefited from operating in a growing sector of the economy, where low-paid workers needed unions. These conclusions are developed through analysis of “flagship” drives at Beverly Nursing homes, Blue Cross/Blue Shield, and the high-profile “Justice for Janitors” campaign.     

What is a Fair Trial? Rape Prosecutions, Disclosure and the Human Rights Act

This article engages with the vogue for predicting the effects of the Human Rights Act 1998 by focusing on the rape prosecution and trial. The specific interest is feminist scrutiny of the right to a fair trial, particularly the concept of ‘fairness’, in light of the increasing use of disclosure rules (in Canada and England) to gain access to medical and counseling records. Transcending the two contemporary narratives of ‘victims’/women’s rights and defendants’ rights in the criminal justice system, the authors argue for the infusion of the legal debate on disclosure with feminist understandings of wider cultural debates. They suggest that an increased reflexivity about intimacy, publicity and power, leading perhaps to the development of a concept of ‘democratic publicity’ (Fraser, 1997, p. 100), might help to revision the meaning of ‘relevant’ evidence in the rape trial. They also suggest that the wide-ranging cultural debate about memory, truth and history, and the emerging commitment to experimentation in responding to massive, institutionalised human rights violations (including apartheid, war crimes and child abuse) might be of use in deepening current thinking about the rape trial and listening to the ‘voice’ of the complainant. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

与时俱进保持党的先进性面临的历史性考验

跨入新世纪,我们党的建设所处的环境已经发生并还正在发生着巨大变化,新情况、新问题层出不穷。我们党要与时俱进保持先进性,将面临着国际大局变动的考验、国内发展大局变动的考验以及党自身建设的考验。