十年来我国妇女/性别理论研究的发展--联合国第四次世界妇女大会产生的积极影响

从1995年第四次世界妇女大会在北京的筹备和召开,到后来举行的北京 5和北京 10等一系列相关的活动,世妇会的原则和理念得到了不断的强化,这些理念凝结和渗透在妇女理论研究领域,极大地推进了我国妇女/性别理论研究事业的发展。本文回顾了十年来妇女/性别理论研究在研究内容、研究视角及研究机制等方面的变化和进展,以期进一步推动我国的妇女/性别研究在社会科学研究领域的重要影响。     

一个女性文本中的"男孩"形象--对《可以吃的女人》的另一种解读

在《可以吃的女人》中,作为“男孩”而非“男人”形象出现的邓肯,是男权社会的边缘人和失败者。作者注重男性整体概念之下的个体差异,通过女主角的视角揭示了邓肯的独特性,以及他对于女性解放、建立新的男女关系的积极意义,避免了通过将所有男性树立为敌人而得到女性解放的陷阱。     

爱国妇人会的战争宣传一窥

文章简述了日本爱国妇人会的创立背景和思想渊源,对该会的宣传教化执行机构和意识形态工作进行了梳理。通过对该会在日俄战争、九一八事变、全面侵华战争(前期)这三场大规模侵略战争中的宣传内容、策略和目的加以分析,进一步从微观上勾勒出日本裹挟妇女走向战争深渊的必然路径。     

论伯明翰学派早期女性研究

伯明翰学派的女性研究在世界女性研究史中具有先驱意义,对后来的女性研究产生了积极的推动作用。伯明翰学派的早期女性主义研究者认为,女性的从属并不是单方面的,或某一领域的从属,而是全面性的,包括政治上、经济上和文化上的,或者说,女性从属是结构性的。而女性所有这些从属的一个基本出发点,就是人们往往从自然属性上,或者说从生物性上去看女性。女性从属地位的形成原因是多方面的,包括媒介建构,国家建构和女性自身的建构。     

The Avalanche Perspective: women jurists in Korea 1952–2008

The author proposes and employs the Avalanche Perspective in analysing the entry of women into the Korean judiciary from the first pioneers in 1952 to the present. Starting from a general atmospheric warming trend towards women in postwar Korea, there developed instability in the status quo, then a breakthrough that led to a cascade of women participating in the legal profession. Although cultural resistance and political obstacles remained to be overcome, this quantitative expansion ultimately led to a greater acceptance of women’s participation in the judicial arena. Significant judicial changes that furthered the causes of women in contemporary Korea were coincident with women being members of the judiciary. The quantitative changes of the past fifty-six years opened the possibility of qualitative progress for women in the Korean judiciary. The Avalanche Perspective as applied to the judiciary in Korea, provides an understanding of the forces at work that have had a profound effect upon the place of women in the new cultural and political reality of the Korean people.

Barriers to women’s access to decision-making positions in sport organizations: the case of establishing a girls’ volleyball academy in Israel

The aim of this paper is to highlight the nature of the barriers facing women in terms of their participation in decision-making in Israeli sport, and to identify and evaluate some of the strategies and tactics adopted to overcome these barriers. This is done by making reference to a particular case study, the case of the process of establishing a major policy initiative in Israeli sport – the founding of the national Volleyball Academy for Young Talented Girls. The case is analyzed in order to identify how and why the goal of establishing the Academy was successful, and to consider what may be learned in terms of the implications for the tactics and strategies used that might be adopted by other women in similar circumstances.     

The Unexpected: Bionic Woman at the Millennium

Wilfred Bion's A Memoir of the Future provides a point of departure for feminist thinking about the millennium. Bion problematizes hopes for the future and associates thought with catastrophic change. Women play an unexpected role in Bion's experimental autobiography, posing provocative questions and unsettling the status quo . Since Bion has little to say about women in his clinical writings, A Memoir sheds light on his thinking and on the post-Kleinian culture of the 1970s. Book I of A Memoir depicts a class- and sex-nightmare played out between men and women, and women and women, in an age of anxiety whose setting appears to be the fascist 'pacification' of Middle England during an unspecified period. In this hallucinatory drama, all encounters are reduced to a brutal fiction of dominance and submission. The violence of the action suggests the primitive mental world of psychosis. Book II of A Memoir satirizes 'the brilliance of masculine thought' through the voices and criticisms of women. But this is the purgatorial movement of Bion's autobiography, inhabited by 'idées mères' (untransformed beta-elements) and haunted by the ghosts of Bion's traumatic war-time experience. A monstrous plot is hatched to kill primitive, fascistic Man, who retaliates and takes the female spoils. Is this the prelude to catastrophic change? Book III stages a country-house debate between different characters who represent aspects of Bion's personality, recapitulating the concerns of his later writing. The debate includes a meditation on childbirth as compared to war trauma, but Bion takes his distance from feminine intuition or common sense. Women fight on both sides of the barriers in the Bionic revolution - becoming, however, figures for the 'unexpected' and precursors of emotional upheaval. The gendering of millennial thought in Bion's Memoir provides an opportunity to scrutinize our own unthought fantasies of change.     

Lessons from “Around the world with Oprah”: Neoliberalism,race, and the (geo)politics of beauty

On 6 October 2004, viewers went “Around the world with Oprah” and received a rare glimpse inside the lives of 30-year-old women from 17 different countries. When Oprah turned her gaze (and that of middle-class American housewives) eastward, she highlighted South Korean women's penchart for plastic surgery. Oprah's “trip” to South Korea is emblematic of Western discourse surrounding South Korean Women's plastic surgery consumption, most of which focuses on cosmetic eyelid surgery or the sangapul procedure as it is called in South Korea. Given its widespread popularity, the sangapul procedure has come to signify South Korean women's acquiescence to not only patriarchal oppression but racial oppression as well. This essay goes beyond the psychologization of South Korean women in order to ask what such psychological musings obscure about the very political nature of beauty itself. Using “Around the world with Oprah” as a starting point, then, this essay examines beauty at the intersection of race, technology, and (geo)politics in order to show that, in an era of neoliberalism, plastic surgery is often rationalized as an investment in the self towards a more normal, if not better future. As this essay suggests, such a framing of plastic surgery is contingent on Oprah's production of neoliberal feminism based on liberal notions of choice. Given her global reach, these neoliberal feminist subjects are not produced equally, however, but are discursively constructed along a First World/Third World divide.     

从社会性别视角对延安时期新女性的研究

文章从女性的经验和视角出发,探究延安时期新女性所经历的“妇女解放”的艰辛历程。以翔实的资料,展现出延安新女性在革命者与妻母角色、家庭责任与女性自我发展、男性歧视与女性的苦闷这些矛盾冲突中的现实处境。     

离婚诉讼“举证难”问题探析——以无过错女性为视角

无过错女性在离婚损害赔偿诉讼中处于弱势地位，由于案件性质以及立法规定不完善等原因，导致了无过错女性在离婚损害赔偿诉讼中举证困难。破解无过错女性“举证难”之问题，除了加强法制宣传教育，提高其法律意识和自我保护能力，以及在该类案件中采用“高度盖然性”的证明标准，且在特定情形下实行举证责任倒置原则之外，私人侦探的调查取证亦是解决该问题的可行途径。