EFFECTIVENESS OF DRUG TREATMENT COURTS: EVIDENCE FROM A RANDOMIZED TRIAL*

Research Summary: Study randomly assigned 235 offenders to drug treatment court (DTC) or “treatment as usual.” Analyses of official records collected over a two‐year follow‐up period show that DTC is reducing crime in a population of drug‐addicted offenders. DTC subjects who participated in treatment were significantly less likely to recidivate than were both untreated drug court subjects and control subjects. Policy Implications: Continued enthusiasm for DTCs is warranted. Both sanctions and treatment are important elements of the DTC model. However, DTCs will not necessarily result in cost reductions because DTC and control cases are incarcerated for approximately equal numbers of days. Implementation fidelity is important, and DTCs can be strengthened if they engage a higher percentage of their clients in drug treatment.     

借鉴企业家政府理论 创新公安工作思路

借鉴企业家政府理论 ,有必要创新公安工作思路 :一是应集中精力抓公共治安 ;二是大力推行社区警务战略 ;三是引入竞争机制 ;四是以人民满意为目标 ;五是工作重心要转向事前防范。     

论著作权合理使用制度的适用范围

由于合理使用处在权利与限制的交界处,其适用范围的任何变化,都可能重塑著作权法。面对新技术的冲击,在确定合理使用的适用范围时,不能因技术的便利而干涉著作权市场对信息资源的配置,而应恪守合理使用最初的立法理由,将其定位为对市场失灵的弥补,在利用行为有助于公共利益的基础上,考察其是否符合交易不能或正外部性市场失灵,同时把对作品潜在市场的影响视为最关键的判断标准。这不但维护了著作权的私权属性,更是界定合理使用适用范围的最佳路径。     

News,Talk, Opinion,Participation: The Part Played by Conversation in Deliberative Democracy

Deliberative democracy can be defined as a political system based on citizens' free discussion of public issues. While most scholars have discussed deliberative democracy normatively, this study attempts to test the validity of a model of deliberative democracy through examining the interrelationships among its four components: newsmedia use, political conversation, opinion formation, and political participation. Sufficient empirical evidence was found to support the hypotheses that (a) news-media use is closely associated with the frequency of political conversation in daily life both at general and issue-specific levels; (b) willingness to argue with those who have different opinions is influenced by majority perceptions and by news-media use and political talk; (c) news-media use and political conversation have positive effects on certain measures of the quality of opinions (argument quality, consideredness, and opinionation) and perhaps on opinion consistency; and (d) news-media use and political conversation are closely associated also with participatory activities, but more so with "campaigning" than "complaining."     

使用假币罪比较研究

对于使用假币的行为 ,各国刑法大多规定为犯罪。对于本罪的构成要件 ,中外刑法除对主体要件认识一致外 ,对于该罪其他要件的规定 ,则存在着一定差异。在侵害法益上 ,外国刑法普遍认为是公共信用 ,笔者认为是国家对货币的流通管理制度。在犯罪对象上 ,外国认为是伪造、变造的硬币、纸币或银行券 ,我国认为是伪造的货币 ,不包括变造的货币。在客观要件上 ,中外刑法均认为是将假币冒充真币投入流通领域 ,但我国还有数额较大的程度要求。在主观要件上 ,中外刑法均认为是出于故意 ,笔者认为还须具有“使用”之目的。     

论农地使用权流转的必然性及现实意义

农地使用权流转有理论和政策上的依据,是现实农业和农村生产力水平发展到一定阶段的客观要求,是历史发展的必然。农地使用权合理流转可以更好地实现农民的权益。     

欠发达地区农村土地使用权流转问题的思考

农村土地使用权流转是现代农业发展的必然要求。但当前欠发达的农村地区有其特殊的经济社会条件 ,土地使用权的流转必须根据本地区的经济发展状况 ,因地制宜 ,稳步推进。     

Judges’ Perceptions of Screening,Assessment, Prevention,and Treatment for Substance Use, Mental Health,and HIV among Juveniles on Community Supervision: Results of a National Survey

Juvenile Justice‐Translational Research on Interventions for Adolescents in the Legal System (JJ‐TRIALS) National Survey was funded in part to describe the current status of screening, assessment, prevention and treatment for substance use, mental health, and HIV for youth on community supervision within the US juvenile justice system. Surveys were administered to community supervision agencies and their primary behavioral healthcare providers, as well as the juvenile or family court judge with the largest caseload of youth on community supervision. This article presents the findings from the judges’ survey. Survey results indicated juvenile and family court judges were open to innovations for improving the court's performance, rated their relationships with collaborators highly, and appreciated the impact of screening, assessment, prevention, and treatment on judicial practices.     

The Devil's Lettuce: Primary Caregivers have the Constitutional Right to Distribute Medicinal Marijuana to Their Terminally Ill Child

Pediatric cancer is a tragedy that affects many American families. Despite the effectiveness of pediatric cancer treatments, patients experience adverse side effects that can be relieved by medical marijuana. However, medicinal marijuana is only lawful in twenty‐eight states, including the District of Columbia. This Note proposes that all fifty states enact compassionate‐use statutes permitting parents to lawfully possess and distribute the herb to their terminally ill child (between the ages of five to fourteen) to alleviate the effects of cancer treatments. Medicinal marijuana use provides pediatric cancer patients with better‐quality lives and the determination to win the war against cancer.     

香港警察枪械使用法律制度述评简

我国香港《警察通例》及《警察程序手册》对警察使用枪械的原则、条件、程序等内容作了具体、全面、细致的规定。其特点是：立足自身实际进行制度设计，对警察使用枪械予以全程规制，程序严格，注重警察用枪安全。香港警察枪械使用法律制度的优点值得内地在完善相关立法时加以借鉴。