The European Union and gender mainstreaming: Constitutionally embedded or comprehensively marginalised?

This paper examines the extent to which gender mainstreaming is constitutionally embedded in the legal framework of the European Union. Within the framework of that broad question it examines three sub-questions concerning the robustness and constitutionalised nature of the E.U.'s `equality regime', the extent of adaptation to mainstreaming methodologies by supranational institutions such as the Court of Justice, and the extent of the gender dimension in the debates which are shaping the future of the European Union, especially the 2002–3Convention on the Future of the Union and the Commission's Governance White Paper of 2001.The E.U. is analysed in this article as an emergent, non-state, postnational constitutionalised polity. The first section presents this perspective, and the succeeding three sections engage with the three` sub-questions' outlined above. The conclusion suggests that as yet, while gender concerns maybe constitutionally embedded in the Treatyframe work, they are less prominent in the constitutional politics of the Convention and the Governance White Paper. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

国际刑事法院行使管辖权与国家的同意

国际刑事法院的正式建立涉及到一系列国际法律问题 ,尤其是关于国际刑事法院的管辖权方面的问题 ,由于往往涉及国家主权 ,复杂而敏感。因而 ,从国际法原理的角度 ,对这些问题进行深入探讨 ,极为必要。特别是我国政府暂时还没有批准《国际刑事法院规约》 ,也没有签字 ,而其原因主要集中于国际刑事法院有关管辖权方面的某些规定 ,所以更应从国际法原理的角度出发对所涉及的有关问题予以深入分析与客观评介 ,尤其是对规约有关管辖权方面某些重要条款存在的不恰当理解更有必要予以澄清 ,以期为将来我国考虑加入《国际刑事法院规约》、成为国际刑事法院的成员国提供一些参考。     

“搭建”与“调控”之间——法官在刑事庭审中程序功能的研究

法官在刑事庭审中承担“搭建庭审框架”和“调控庭审活动”两个部分的程序功能。这两部分的程序功能之间具有密切的联系,也存在明显的区别。从世界各国刑事庭审程序来看,法官现实的程序功能不尽相同。我国法官在刑事庭审中也承担了“搭建庭审框架”和“调控庭审活动”两部分的程序功能,并尽力在这两个部分的程序功能之间保持适当的平衡。     

财产权的宪法地位评析

我国现行宪法对财产权的规定具有主体多元化、财产权对象明确、实现方式多样及救济手段概括等特征 ;同时还存在财产权主体地位不平等、对公民财产权宪法地位不明确、公民财产权保障不充分及公有财产权保障规定不全面等问题。在我国 ,全面评价财产权的宪法地位必须协调好公有财产权与私人财产权的关系 ,同时还需要健全、完善与国情相适宜的宪法监督制度     

内阁集体负责制及其例外——英国宪政习惯研究

研究英国的内阁制度 ,离不开研究英国的宪政习惯 ,因为规制着英国内阁行为的政治规则不是一般意义上的法律 ,而是宪政习惯。内阁集体负责制是英国宪政的核心制度之一 ,通过考察和分析英国内阁集体负责制的特点和实际运作机制 ,可以清楚地看到宪政习惯是如何在英国的现实政治生活中发挥作用的     

中国宪法应如何设置人权

基于中国的人权实践 ,对比两国际人权公约与中国宪法 ,中国宪法对人权保护的空间有待大大拓展 ,人权入宪应为新一轮修宪的最主要议题之一。设置人权有四类七种选择方案 ,宪法人权一般条款 +法律设置当是目前中国设置人权的可行模式。就修宪而言 ,应在宪法序言和总纲中分别加上人权一般条款 ,内容分别为 :尊重和保护人权 ,促进实现人权 ;国家权力受人权直接约束。     

The compliant court — Procedural fairness and social control in compulsory community care

Compulsory community care (CCC) was introduced in Sweden in 2008. This article investigates all written court decisions regarding CCC over a 6 month period in 2009 (N = 541). The purpose is to examine how the legal rights of patients are protected and what forms of social control patients are subjected to.     

Legislative genesis and judicial death of a directive: The European Court of Justice invalidated the data retention directive (2006/24/EC) thereby creating a sustained period of legal uncertainty about the validity of national laws which enacted it

The Grand Chamber has ruled that the data retention directive was invalid ex tunc since it seriously interfered with the fundamental rights to respect for private life and protection of personal data and exceeded the limits of the principle of proportionality which are provided for in the Charter. The scope and temporal effects of this ruling should be clarified, especially its legal impacts on national laws of Member States which enacted the directive. In addition, the findings of the Grand Chamber on geographical safeguards have far-reaching implications on the retention and storage of personal data in the EU.