Sentencing private benefits in takeover contest

We present a model of profit diversion into a takeover environment. The model incorporates a legal environment characterized by a probability of being convicted, a monetary sanction (ex-ante protection) and the costs of administrating the takeover (ex-post protection). We show that the extraction of private benefits is reduced by the existence of such a legal environment, which is consistent with a number of empirical studies. It also predicts that legal environment can conduct the bidder to acquire more than 50% of the share due to the impact of the final holding of the bidder on the fine. The paper contributes to the current debate on regulation of white-collar crime. It highlights the trade-off between the ex-post profit diversion and minority protection, and the ex-ante probability of efficient takeovers. But, considering simultaneously two tools of protection, the ex-ante and the ex-post ones, which do not have the same impact, we derive some guidelines in order to analyze the current trend of the US and the EU laws.     

网络虚拟财产的法律属性及保护浅探

网络虚拟财产具备许多与现实财产相同的属性和特征,可认定为财产。它具有虚拟性、价值性和现实性,这种财产也应该得到法律保护。但是,虚拟财产只有与现实的社会关系发生具有法律意义的联系时,才能切实进入法律调整的范畴。     

公司利润分配规则的比较分析

公司利润分配规则 ,是公司资本维持原则之下的一个子规则。公司分配的界定 ,应重实质而轻形式。公司分配标尺的确定 ,须兼顾股东投资的回报与公司外部债权人利益的保障。我国公司法学理须重新思考公司分配的内涵 ,并修正公司分配的底线标尺。     

EMPOWERING CHILDREN IN MEDIATION

The available research in the mediation arena regarding child custody disputes indicates a lack of and growing need for effective intervention techniques. The authors present practicing mediators with a specific intervention model for interviewing, safeguarding, and empowering children in the process of mediating custody disputes. The mediation model utilizes a structured, strategic, and process-oriented approach with a family systems theoretical orientation and may be used in private or court-connected settings. The model presented here goes beyond the child-centered interview norm to the inclusion of the child in the process to assist parents in decision making. The model supports the current California statute under Family Code Section 3023, which states that "if a child is of sufficient age and capacity to reason so as to form an intelligent preference as to custody, the court shall consider and give due weight to the wishes of the child in making an award of custody or modification." The model does, however, maintain the position that the final decision continues to lie with the parents or the courts and not the child.     

论我国商业秘密的立法完善

论述我国商业秘密保护立法的现状,分析我国现行立法存在的问题。在现有立法模式的基础上,在界定商业秘密的保护范围、完善相关法律、增设惩罚性赔偿责任、明确免责条件等方面提出了完善我国商业秘密法律保护的构想。     

论德国法中的第三人缔约过失责任

德国法中长期由判例发展出的由第三人承担缔约过失责任的做法已借助新债法的修订正式纳入民法典中,这一对传统意义上理解的缔约过失责任的突破昭示了该责任信赖保护的宗旨,可以对正确认识缔约过失责任提供启示。     

论我国饮用水源保护法律调控的基本指导思想

因世界性饮用水源紧缺和污染所导致的饮用水源危机,不仅严重威胁着人们的生命健康和生存,而且随时可能引发国际政治问题。因此,饮用水源的保护被提上了世界各国的议事日程,并成为国际社会共同关注的焦点。可持续发展战略作为一种新的发展模式,是当代人类的普遍共识。本文在分析的基础上提出我国饮用水源保护立法应当以可持续发展为基本指导思想,以期对完善或创新我国饮用水源保护法律调控的理论和实践提供依据和思路。     

我国著作权保护之反思

我国著作权保护中存在着不足,同为智力成果,原创性的传统文化得不到保护,而计算机软件不仅受版权保护,甚至得到超国民待遇的保护.改变这一现状的措施是,制定特别立法;通过国际谈判使TRIPS协议中增加对传统文化进行保护.对于计算机软件方面的保护从实际出发进行立法,利用TRIPS协议中的弹性条款作出有利于我国的解释.     

紧急状态下的权利保护与救济

紧急状态下为了公共利益、公共秩序的需要政府享有必要的紧急权力,包括更多的限制或剥夺公民的合法权益的权力,在法治时代这种权力也要受法律的理性规制,保护公民合法权益应是紧急状态立法的重要目的或价值取向之一;政府行使紧急权力要遵循一定的法治原则,而公民面对政府紧急权力的行使,除了享有一些不可克减的基本权利外,还应享有知情权、监督权、紧急救助请求权、申请行政复议或提起行政诉讼权、特别损失补偿权、损害赔偿请求权,从而获得有效的救济。     

论商业秘密的法律保护

2 0世纪 6 0年代 ,国际商会首先把商业秘密视为工业产权。在知识经济的大背景下 ,商业秘密已成为企业生存、竞争的极其重要的手段 ,加强对商业秘密的法律保护已经成为国内外知识产权制度发展的必然趋势。