《鹿特丹规则》中货物控制权之法律性质

货物控制权作为《鹿特丹规则》规定的一类新型权利，按权利内容划分，它属于债权；按权利作用划分，它属于形成权。因此，控制权的行使既有债权的相对性特点，又有形成权的单方性特点。明确了控制权是一种形成权，才能按照控制权的法律特点在立法上确立其内容和行使条件。     

涉法涉诉信访之案件成因、制度困局与破解之道

外在的制度性诱因和内在的观念性诱因促成了当下持续攀升的涉法涉诉信访案件。此类信访不仅打破了司法救济的最终性,人治色彩浓厚,而且因处访机构众多、效率低下、处访程序失范、救济成本高昂等屡遭诟病。但在司法公信力低下、权利救济机制尚不健全的今天,相比终止信访的救济功能而言,结合我国实际情况,有针对性地改善现有信访制度,使其适应我国转型期的特殊需要,似乎来得更为妥当。     

Back to the future: the Arab uprisings and state (re)formation in the Arab world

This article contributes to debates that aim to go beyond the “democratization” and “post-democratization” paradigms to understand change and continuity in Arab politics. In tune with calls to focus on the actualities of political dynamics, the article shows that the literatures on State Formation and Contentious Politics provide useful theoretical tools to understand change/continuity in Arab politics. It does so by examining the impact of the latest Arab uprisings on state formation trajectories in Iraq and Syria. The uprisings have aggravated a process of regime erosion – which originated in post-colonial state-building attempts – by mobilizing sectarian and ethnic identities and exposing the counties to geo-political rivalries and intervention, giving rise to trans-border movements, such as ISIS. The resulting state fragmentation has obstructed democratic transition in Syria and constrained its consolidation in Iraq.     

论特许经营合同的法律性质——以公私合作为背景

在公私合作的"坐标图"中,特许经营是一种采特许模式的契约型公私合作。它被纳入广义政府采购的范畴,但又不同于传统的政府采购。对特许经营合同法律性质的分析,可以在"修正双阶理论"的指导下,以"合同成立"作为节点,析分为"行政处分+行政合同"。     

Government Selection and Executive Powers: Constitutional Design in Parliamentary Democracies

Provisions for a parliamentary investiture vote have become increasingly common in parliamentary democracies. This article shows that investiture provisions were largely introduced when new constitutions were written or old ones fundamentally redesigned. It also shows that the constitutions that endowed executives with strong legislative agenda powers also endowed parliaments with strong mechanisms to select the executive. It is argued that constitution makers’ decisions can be seen in principal–agent terms: strong investiture rules constitute an ex ante mechanism of parliamentary control – that is, a mechanism to minimise adverse selection and reduce the risk of agency loss by parliament. The findings have two broad implications: from a constitutional point of view, parliamentary systems do not rely exclusively on ex post control mechanisms such as the no confidence vote to minimise agency loss; parliamentarism, at least today and as much as presidentialism, is the product of conscious constitutional design and not evolutionary adaptation.     

Quality Reform in Malaysian Higher Education Governance: “Identity Formation” or “Knowledge Shopping”?

In line with its Vision 2020, Malaysia has been implementing a series of ‘quality’ reforms in its higher education sector (Sirat, 2010). For critics, these reforms are driven by an ideological shift from the idea that knowledge is a “public good” (Dzulkifli, 2011, p. 28). This study explores whether the use of ‘standards’ as governance forms would lead Malaysia towards “identity formation”, i.e. the creation of a culture-based knowledge society, or direct it towards “knowledge shopping”, i.e. the commodification of higher education. This article concludes that Malaysian higher education governance is more oriented towards “knowledge shopping” than “identity formation.”     

试析《合同法》中合同义务的扩张及意义

传统的民法理论、民事立法实践中对合同义务和合同责任的规定过于狭窄 ,不利于保护合同当事人的权益 ,也不利于提高交易效率和保障交易安全。新《合同法》中对合同的义务进行了拓展 ,表现为先合同义务 (缔约过失责任和保守商业秘密 ) ,合同履行中的附随义务和后合同义务 ,这无论从理论上还是实践性上均具有重要意义。     

《劳动合同法》实施对企业劳动关系的影响 —— 以对 40 多家企业的实地调研为例

促进企业劳动关系的和谐稳定是《劳动合同法》的立法初衷。评价《劳动合同法》的实施效果,应将是否有助于企业劳动关系的协调稳定作为主要标准。《劳动合同法》实施10年来已从总体上改善了企业劳动关系,具体表现为促进企业用工管理更加规范、有序,提升了劳动者维护自身合法劳动权益的能力,调整劳资力量向相对均衡的方向发展等;与此同时,实现构建和谐稳定的企业劳动关系仍需要付出系统性的努力。     

虚拟主体存在的多维审视

新时代互联网世界不断升级,网络空间随之不断走向无限领域,其包含内容愈加丰富。主体缺场或不在场的次数和机会逐渐增加,呈现为虚拟性。虚拟主体的存在不同于现实主体的逻辑性,而呈现出精神性、空间性、契约性、可能性、世界性、自由性的超越现实的虚拟性。深入理解虚拟主体的多维存在不能脱离现实基础,它同样具有创造性和正义性,亦即经历一个选择做什么样人的过程,是网络治理实现的目标。     

江泽民“三个代表”思想探析

江泽民“三个代表”思想是形势发展的需要,是马克思主义与时俱进理论品质的逻辑必然,是党的集体智慧的结晶,具有科学的内涵。其历史地位表现在:它是邓小平理论的新发展;它在新的形势下进一步明确了党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源;它是共产党人的哲学,既是理论的概括,又是行动的指南。