论我国国有土地使用权制度

土地制度是一个社会的重要财产制度,我国为发挥市场机制对土地资源的调节作用,以提高国有土地的利用效率,因而创立了国有土地使用权出让制度,其目的就在于以土地使用权代替和发挥土地所有权的作用和功能。但是该项土地使用权制度最大的不足就是对土地使用权的期限设定了限制,从而损害了市场作用的发挥和损害了公民的财产安全,因此有必要取消土地使用权的期限限制,将国有土地所有权的概念政治化或虚拟化。     

Joint Dynamics of Legal and Economic Integration in the European Union

We evaluate the causal linkages between the economic and legal integration process that has characterised the formation of the European Union. Specifically, using the frequency of national references for preliminary rulings sent to the European Court of Justice as a measure of legal integration we investigate its joint dynamics with the expansion of intra-EU trade over the 1960–1998 time period. Our objective is to formally test whether any such linkages exist and the direction within which they have operated.     

提高盗窃案件现场勘查质量的几点认识

盗窃案件具有发案高、现场多、情况多变、痕迹物证分布复杂、现场容易被破坏和伪装等特点。因而盗窃案件现场勘查质量的高低 ,往往直接影响案件的侦破工作。针对当前盗窃案件现场勘查中存在的问题 ,文章提出 :1 加强对现场勘查重要性认识 ;2 规范现场勘查的各个环节 ;3 不断增强技术人员的业务素质 ;4 建立现场勘查信息系统 ;5 建立更加合理的激励机制。     

刑事搜查制度研究

各国的搜查制度各有不同,然而一般都遵循令状、特定性、合理根据、人格权的特别保障等原则。从人权保障的角度出发,我国有必要借鉴国外的有益做法,对现行的搜查制度逐步地予以完善。     

侦查策略与欺骗辨析

侦查策略是指侦查主体为实现侦查目标根据需要采取的灵活的方式、方法。那些认为侦查策略就是欺骗或包含了很大的欺诈成分的学术观点是错误的,侦查策略与欺骗在目的、基础、程度和结果上是有着本质的区别的。但侦查策略与欺骗的界限并不是一成不变的,侦查策略在实施过程中仍有可能产生异化,而走向反面遭到否定性评价。因此,对侦查策略要从启动、实施和结果三方面入手进行完善。     

抢劫罪既遂、未遂的司法解释质疑——兼论司法解释的现实得失与应然走向

最高人民法院的司法解释将具有加重结果的抢劫罪一律认定为既遂状态,实际蕴含了重刑主义倾向,同时也凸现了其作为高端优位者在刑法理论界本来极有争论的学术领域做出裁判性结论的自信色彩,这多少表明中国今天的刑法理论依然无法拆卸实践的重轭,从而取得理论指导实践的地位。我们有责任重新审视在中国的刑事法治建设过程中如何树立刑法典的权威地位。作为高端权威的司法解释有所紧缩,是促使和形成每个法官能够独立钻研解读刑法典、能够与立法原意进行直接对话的必要的条件,也是刑事法治社会逐渐成熟的必要条件。     

国际法院司法实践中的反诉问题研究

反诉是国际法院诉讼程序中的一种附带程序。20世纪90年代,国际法院涉及到反诉的案子突然增多,其基本上是被作为一种诉讼策略在使用。国际法院在处理反诉过程中的系列做法彰显了反诉的诸多法理。为了加强对反诉程序的控制,国际法院对反诉规则进行了相应的修改。     

英国律师制度沿革与法学高等教育简介

经过几个世纪的变迁,英国现在有出庭律师、事务律师和王室顾问等几个不同的律师职业阶层。这些律师工作的侧重点不一样,对专业知识的要求也不同,他们共同构成了英国律师界的一个有机整体。针对目前存在的是否需要将出庭律师与事务律师两种职业合并的争议,从历史的角度考证英国律师制度的发展沿革,介绍与之相关的英国法学教育和律师培训的一些特点,可以得出二者之合并不可能在一朝一夕完成的结论。     

Enacting multi-layered citizenship: Turkey’s Armenians’ struggle for justice and equality

Throughout the history of the Turkish Republic, Turkey’s Armenians have been subjected to a trade-off between the limited minority rights granted by the 1923 Lausanne Treaty and equal national citizenship. Traditionally a closed, depoliticized community, the citizenship practices of the Armenian minority have become increasingly differentiated in recent years. Building on a notion of citizenship as multi-layered and constituted through collective practice, this article investigates the implications of the political acts of Turkey’s Armenian minority on sub-national and national citizenship in Turkey. We show that Turkey’s Armenians are coupling rights demands, identification, normative references, and mobilization at the sub-national, national, and transnational levels in innovative ways, and are thereby negotiating different layers of citizenship in Turkey in a way that strengthens equal national citizenship.     

A Process Evaluation of a Kentucky Court Improvement Initiative

This article describes a court improvement initiative designed to promote uniformity and improved court practice with the ultimate goal of the improvement of outcomes for children and families. The article focuses on the results of interviews and focus groups conducted as part of the evaluation of this initiative. Twelve jurisdictions were purposively selected to exhibit a range of family court and non–family court jurisdictions in rural and middle‐sized locations. The discussion of the qualitative results focuses on changes in court practice and the impact of the initiative on case time.