试论19世纪俄国币制改革

19世纪的俄国,承继18世纪彼得一世和叶卡捷琳娜二世的治国方略,继续遵循俄国历史上极为独特的自上而下调节经济的政策。每一次的皇权更迭都伴随着一场社会政治经济变革的发生,对俄国历史发展和现代化进程产生了重大影响。19世纪俄国货币制度的演变,更是历经战争与和平的交替影响,从一个侧面反映了俄国历代沙皇拯救国家经济危机的策略以及治国安邦的既定方针和传统。     

新《保险法》对中国海上保险合同法律的影响

2009年2月公布的《中华人民共和国保险法》在很多方面进行了重大的修改,势必对中国海上保险合同法律制度产生重要影响。一方面是对海上保险合同法律的补充,另一方面同《中华人民共和国海商法》在海上保险合同不少制度和规则上出现了程度不同的差异。而这些也为后者未来的修改提供了丰富的素材和良好的借鉴蓝本。     

新《保险法》适用环境下中国海上保险制度的完善

修改后的新《中华人民共和国保险法》于2009年10月1日开始生效。针对海运市场的特点和实际需要,就海上保险合同的定义所涉及的投保人与被保险人,海上保险合同的诺成性所涉及的保险费交纳与保单签发,海上保险合同的订立与生效,海上保险格式条款的适用规则,投保人的告知义务,保险人的说明义务等诸问题进行研究,并提出修改中国海上保险制度的若干建议。     

当代侵权法比较研究

侵权法在两大法系中所采路径截然不同、风格各异,这一特点与具体规则模式和一般原则模式之间的现代法律理论的区别是相伴而生的。比较侵权法的焦点主要不是实体问题,而是侵权法的基本结构和模式问题。在侵权法的诸多具体制度上,两大法系远比普遍认为的那样更为相近,二者之间并没有不可逾越的障碍和差别。     

论我国农民工养老保险制度的构建与完善

农民工已成为我国产业工人的重要组成部分,他们为城市的繁荣和农村的发展做出了重大贡献。建立健全农民工养老保险制度,是构建和谐社会与社会主义新农村的基本条件,将对社会的稳定、经济的发展以及我国的城市化和工业化进程带来重大的影响。本文剖析了目前我国农民工养老保险制度中存在的主要问题,进而提出了相关措施,以期为建立和完善全国统筹的农民工养老保险体系尽绵薄之力。     

对“信用”的经济哲学分析

反思金融危机应当重视社会信用体系建设。对信用需要进行经济哲学的分析。信用是市场经济运行重要的＂社会资本＂。对信用的认识,联系于个人与他人、个人与共同体、个人与社会之间关系的哲学思考。唯物史观是重塑社会信用的理论指导。信用具有制度性。健全信用体系是我国的当务之急,是构建和谐社会的内在要求。     

法治视域下的社会诚信建设

在中国当前社会转型时期,诚信缺失已经成为一个严重的社会问题。诚信与法治具有内在的统一性,诚信应建立在法治的基础之上,必须依靠法律制度作保障。要高度重视法治建设在社会诚信建设中的积极作用,从立法、司法、执法、普法、监督等各个环节、各个层面推动社会诚信建设。     

The moral hazards of neo-liberalism: lessons from the private insurance industry

The key tenets of neo-liberalism regarding risk, governance, and responsibility are critically evaluated through an empirical study of the private insurance industry. Recent tendencies in this industry towards increasing segmentation of consumers regarding risk, and towards an expansion of private policing of insurance fraud, are analysed. The definition of moral hazard is broadened to include all parties in the insurance relationship, not just the insured. Moral hazards embedded in the social organization of private insurance lead to various kinds of immoral risky behaviour by insureds, insurance companies, and their employees, and to intensified efforts to regulate this behaviour. The analysis concludes with some critical observations about the neo-liberal emphasis on minimal state, market fundamentalism, risk-taking, individual responsibility, and acceptance of inequality.     

The South African National Credit Act fails to protect homeowners against various interest rates hikes

Where a credit provider makes a proper financial assessment and finds that the low-income consumer will be able to satisfy in a timely manner all the obligations under all the credit agreements to which the consumer is a party he will in all probability conclude the credit agreement with the consumer. Obviously the affordability assessment made by the credit provider will depend on the prevailing interest rates at the time. There has been several interest rate hikes since June 2006 to December 2008 in South Africa that has had a detrimental impact on low-income home owners. Due to the various interest rate hikes and the prevailing high interest rates many consumers have lost their mortgaged homes. The South African National Credit Act of 2005 has failed to take into its purview cases such as these, and as a consequence there is no sort of consumer protection available for the low-income group who become over-indebted, because of the constant rising interest rates on their mortgage loans.     

小额信贷的路径选择及法律规制

额信贷潜在利润丰厚,是各类商业银行和投资者追逐的新目标,同时地方政府也有浓厚兴趣。尽管发展小额信贷符合多方利益,但现实中小额信贷等新型金融组织面临多重法律困境。如何在民间金融法制化的轨道上健全小额信贷这类金融组织的相关法律法规？如何找到法律困境的出路？对这些问题的研究无疑将有助于我国小额信贷等新型金融组织的健康发展。