How about me? The scope of personal information under the Australian Privacy Act 1988

A recent Australian Federal Court decision has raised the issue of the scope of information protected under the Australian Privacy Act 1988. The Court failed to adequately address this question, leaving Australians unsure as to whether sections of their information, such as the IP addresses allocated to their mobile devices, will be considered personal information under the Act. The main consideration the Court dealt with was what it means for information to be “about” an individual. In this paper I address two questions: a) how is information determined to be “about” an individual under the Act; and b) how should this determination be made in the future? I conclude that currently available guidance from the courts, the Australian Information Commissioner and scholarly commentary are inadequate to enable individuals, organisations and agencies to consistently make such determinations. Accordingly I draw on approaches to this question taken in Canada, New Zealand, the European Union and the United Kingdom to argue that the definition should be broadly interpreted in a technologically-aware manner. This will help to ensure that personal information is more comprehensively protected under the Privacy Act.     

The Impact of School Policing on Student Behaviors in Ohio Public Schools

The present study examined variations in incidents of student insubordination and violence using an individual change model, which allowed for repeated observations of student behaviors in 148 Ohio schools at the initial status (2010) and over time (2010 and 2014). Findings were significant only at the initial status. As school size and total number of school policing measures increased, so did student incidents of insubordination in 2010. School policing and the percentage of economic disadvantage did not predict violence. Findings considered the number of behavior incidents with respect to policing in all school locales, revealing the impact of school policing on student behaviors may transcend race and geographic location.     

论公司、企业人员受贿犯罪主体的立法完善

《刑法》第163条规定了公司、企业人员受贿罪,但这一规定,仅将犯罪主体规定为公司、企业的工作人员,而没有将其他单位的人员包括在内,因此会导致非公司、企业的单位人员利用职务上的便利收受贿赂的行为无法处理。这一漏洞需要通过修改《刑法》对公司、企业受贿罪的规定,扩大其犯罪主体的范围来解决。     

我国犯罪预防模式的选择与辨析

我国犯罪预防模式应是在我国犯罪综合治理方针的指导下所采取的犯罪综合预防模式,而不是单一的犯罪预防模式。其具体内容是:坚持社会预防;正确运用刑罚预防;加强情景预防;倡导被害预防;建立、健全犯罪预防机构。     

重大疑难经济犯罪案件侦查方法初探

经济犯罪案件中的大要案件较多,而其中疑难案件又占有相当比例,这都与经济犯罪本身的特点有关。重大疑难经济案件的形成原因也有其自身特殊性,主要表现在:犯罪主体一般具有较高的知识、技能水平;作案智能性强、发案单位制度不严、管理混乱;关系网重重;被害者贪图暴利、有案不报;现场条件普遍较差;侦查工作某些方面的易失误性。侦破此类案件的基本方法有:注意取得有关上级领导的支持;坚持将赃款赃物的调查控制作为侦查工作的重点;注意搜集、利用间接证据;强化公秘结合、设计用谋;强化协作。     

关于犯罪追诉时效几个问题的研究

刑法中 ,有几类特殊类型的犯罪不能依照现行立法确定追诉时效 ,为体现刑事立法的科学性与公正性 ,提出 :1.确定单位犯罪的追诉制度。 2 .对行为与结果相继发生的犯罪 ,一律从结果发生时起计算追诉期限。 3.重新设计巨额财产来源不明罪的罪状 ,其追诉期限从拥有来源不明巨额财产时起计算。     

论不作为共同正犯

不作为共同正犯成立与否在学术界并未达成共识,存在着肯定说与否定说之争。否定论者从目的行为论角度出发,否定不作为共同正犯的成立。本文从复数不作为行为的整体性与部分实行全部责任理论来论证不作为共同正犯的成立,并探讨了其具体类型。     

The impact of the wilson administration on economic crime rates

Previous research, based upon the interrupted time-series analysis of monthly data, has demonstrated that changes in the organizational structure of police departments produce short-term changes in the level of reported crime. The present study extends this literature by examining the independent effects of a change in hierarchical control (i.e., the appointment of O. W. Wilson as the new chief of the Chicago Police Department) and changes, over time, in the ecological structure of Chicago on reported rates of economic crime. The multivariate analyses indicate that the failure to take into account organizational change leads to model specification error. We conclude that longitudinal, within-jurisdictional research, based on the analysis of UCR data, must take into account changes in police bureaucracies that can affect the production of official counts of crime.