Exploring the trend of violence against women in India

ABSTRACT

India is witnessing growing violence against women including horrific rapes even in major metropolitan areas that have attracted considerable media attention. Insecurity and physical threat to women is real and a major concern. Justice Verma Commission that examined the Delhi rape case has recommended several measures including changes in laws involving crimes against women, yet little has changed. In this paper we conduct a variety of qualitative and quantitative analyses using open source data to understand the nature and extent of crimes against women in India. Police records indeed suggest a growing escalation in serious crimes against women. The paper also critically examines the efforts of the police and others, particularly non-governmental groups to combat such crimes. A number of policy recommendations are made for prevention including comparative efforts in Korea where crimes against women are similarly serious.     

Race,criminal justice professionals,and intellectual authority in fictional crime dramas

The purpose of this research is to extend the existing media and crime literature by discussing how minority criminal justice personnel are granted or not granted intellectual authority in fictional crime dramas by their representation as presenters of crime and non-crime fact-based statements. An analysis of 117 episodes from four fictional crime dramas appearing in the top 20 Nielson ratings from 2003 to 2010 indicate that Black characters are not given the same intellectual authority as White characters, and therefore are imbued with less power and status than their White counterparts. In some cases, Black characters are not even given intellectual authority within their respective intellectual fields.     

环境刑法的伦理基础

在环境伦理学中,对于人与自然的关系主要存在人类中心主义、动物解放/权利论、生物平等主义和生态中心主义四种学说。其中,现代人类中心主义是一种最低性的道德标准,可以作为环境刑法的伦理基础。从现代人类中心主义的角度审视环境犯罪,可以发现:环境犯罪是对当代人和未来世代人利益的侵犯,其社会危害性并不仅仅体现为经济价值,环境犯罪正在向一种自然犯罪演化。     

论单位犯罪的主体

本文认为,单位犯罪的主体只有一个即单位,单位犯罪中直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员不是单位犯罪的主体。作为单位犯罪主体的单位具有社会组织性、物质条件性、组织机构性、责任能力性、决策独立性和合法性等特征。单位犯罪主体的种类为公司、企业、事业单位、机关、团体。并认为,任何私营企业都可以成为单位的犯罪主体;单位的分支机构及其内设部门在一定条件下可以成为单位犯罪的主体;承包单位也可以成为单位犯罪的主体。     

国际合作--打击跨国有组织犯罪的基石

随着经济全球化、全球信息化的快速发展 ,有组织犯罪活动日益猖獗 ,并已成为全球关注的问题。从世界范围来看 ,不仅对什么是有组织犯罪及其范围引起了广泛的讨论 ,而且从立法和司法的角度对有组织犯罪进行了大量的对策研究 ,特别是从国际合作层面上加强刑法的一体化 ,共同打击跨国有组织犯罪越来越引起人们的关注。就我国而言 ,无论在立法上还是司法上尚存很大缺陷 ,需要进一步加以完善。为促进对这一问题的深入探讨 ,特请我国著名刑法学家、刑法学泰斗马克昌先生主持并组织了本组稿件     

The impact of CCTV on fundamental rights and crime prevention strategies: The case of the Catalan Control Commission of Video surveillance Devices

Many authors have written about issues related to privacy, legitimacy and efficiency in relation to CCTV systems in public space as a crime prevention strategy. Some have approached them separately; others have tried to come up with more comprehensive approaches. Few, however, have dealt with how such concerns have been put into practice by those who have to decide on the uptake of CCTV. This article considers some reflections on efficacy, legitimacy and privacy in relation to CCTV, as an introduction to the case of how the members of the Control Commission of Video surveillance Devices in Catalonia took these issues into consideration and interpreted the Law when deciding whether to approve a petition submitted by the City Council to install three cameras in Barcelona’s public space in 2003. It concludes by drawing some conclusions from the process, as a way to highlight the complexity of the policy process around surveillance in open, public spaces.     

Fraud and recessions: Views from fraudsters and fraud managers

While a link is often made between the economy and crime levels, the evidence suggests that characteristics of an adverse economic climate can lead to either an increase or a decrease in crime. In this paper the impact of the recession on fraud is examined. This work is based on work undertaken by the author with fraud managers (via three group discussions), and interviews with sixteen fraudsters in prison. The findings underline the need for caution in making a link between increased levels of fraud and an adverse economic climate. More research is needed in this area to examine what types of offences, or what characteristics of them are most likely to be affected by poor economic conditions.     

职务犯罪黑数的解读与控制

职务犯罪黑数是指应当依法追究而未被追究刑事责任的职务犯罪行为数。职务犯罪黑数具有客观性、法定性、隐蔽性、动态性等特征。应当充分认识职务犯罪黑数产生的原因及危害,采取相应对策控制其增长。     

对虚假航空运输电子客票行程单犯罪的思考

航空电子客票行程单是旅客乘坐飞机的惟一报销凭证,俗称机票发票。近期,关于虚假行程单犯罪的数量不断攀升,而且涉案金额巨大,造成了严重的社会危害。我们可以从分析行程单的法律属性入手,了解虚假行程单犯罪的形式和特征,剖析虚假行程单犯罪的原因。从制度上看,现有的行程单管理制度也存在较大的缺陷。针对虚假行程单犯罪,我们可以从多个方面加以防范和治理。     

犯罪现场中非犯罪行为研究

犯罪现场中非犯罪行为一直是侦查领域研究的一个热点问题。加强犯罪现场中非犯罪行为的研究,有利于提高侦查人员对犯罪现场的全面认识,开辟认识犯罪现场的新视野以及开拓新的侦查思路。为此,有必要对犯罪现场中非犯罪行为的概念、价值,犯罪现场中非犯罪行为信息在侦查破案综合运用中存在的问题及对策进行探讨与研究。