文化与经济活动的“固定思维习惯”

文化对于经济活动具有型塑的作用,正是一个社会的文化规范赋予了经济活动以意义,为个人活动提供劳动动机,为经济活动提供了一套行之有效的技能、策略和制度,担当了经济活动“固定思维习惯”的功能。此外,文化规范尤其是习俗惯例等“固定思维习惯”,也对市场的消费行为起着潜移默化的作用。     

政府公共管理创新的成功探索——苏州工业园区个案研究

苏州工业园区成立八年来,以制度创新营造一流的投资环境,为经济社会的持续稳定发展创造了条件.其制度创新主要包括两个层面管理理念的创新和管理体制的创新.最终,体制的创新与经济发展之间形成了良性的互动关系.     

中国现代化历史追求与现实选择解读

中国作为后发外源现代化国家,以社会主义为制度选择确立了现代化目标,但对自身发展道路的认识也有一个不断深化的过程。只有从历史与逻辑相统一的高度,才能正确解读中国现代化的历史追求和现实选择。     

浅析美欧政治文化与伊拉克战争

政治文化是某个国家或民族文化与历史传统长期积淀而成的政治观念方面的综合体系,表现出一个政治系统的基本政治倾向。美欧的政治文化既表现在双方对国内政治和国际政治的认知上,也贯穿于各自的历史进程中。美欧在伊拉克战争问题上表现出来的针锋相对的态势,显示出双方迥然不同的政治文化传统。美国的霸权倾向与欧洲的制衡传统产生剧烈的摩擦和碰撞。伊拉克战争既为双方政治文化冲突提供了导火索,也为两者弘扬各自外交理念提供了平台。     

领导的内在结构和领导活动规律解析

领导构成有权力、责任和服务三大要素;政治领导、组织领导和思想领导是我们党执政的三种基本类型,但从广义的领导范畴来说,领导的类型并不仅仅限于这三种。作为一个完整的领导活动,领导是由三个最基本的实体构成的,即:领导者、被领导者和作用对象。领导活动的三个规律可表述为:合力集成规律、同心圆规律和镜面反射规律。     

市场结构优化与苏南产业结构升级

加快产业结构优化升级是进入工业化中后期苏南地区经济发展面临的主要课题。同世界产业市场寡头化发展趋势相比,苏南产业市场表现为过度竞争的市场结构。这一市场结构严重影响了苏南产业结构的高度化发展和知识经济成分的培育。因此,推进苏南地区市场结构寡头化,是加快苏南产业结构升级的重要路径。     

耗散结构论对英语写作的启示

英语写作是一个复杂、动态的思维过程。事实上,它是一个耗散结构。英语写作是一个开放的系统,远离平衡态系统,非线性系统和一个有序的系统。研究耗散结构理论可以为英语写作教学提供一个新的研究视点,以期改善写作教学,全面提高学生的英语写作水平。     

Institutions and Economic Performance: The Use and Abuse of Culture in New Institutional Economics

Important research programs within New Institutional Economics advance culturalist arguments to explain failures of economic development. Focusing on the work of Douglass C. North and Avner Greif, this article argues that such arguments rely on an essentialist conception of culture that is both historically inaccurate and analytically misleading. Greif’s work in particular rests on a selective use of empirical data that ultimately distorts the deductive models that are at the core of his work. As a result, both scholars use culture to account for outcomes that are more adequately explained as the product of social conflict and political struggles—struggles in which culture plays a far more contingent and destabilizing role than the one they attribute to it. What is needed, I argue, is to link arguments about the persistence of inefficient institutions with a sociologically informed conception of culture as an ensemble of resources that enhance rather than constrain the scope of individual agency. To come to terms with the effects of culture on institutional formation and change it is necessary to replace the essentialism articulated by North and Greif with a strategic-instrumentalist view in which culture is compatible with a wide spectrum of economic behaviors, individual actions, and thus institutional trajectories.

Gender,Culture and the Law: Approaches to ‘Honour Crimes’ in the UK

This article examines the debate on whether to analyse ‘honour crimes’ as gender-based violence, or as cultural tradition, and the effects of either stance on protection from and prevention of these crimes. In particular, the article argues that the categorisation of honour-related violence as primarily cultural ignores its position within the wider spectrum of gender violence, and may result in a number of unfortunate side-effects, including lesser protection of the rights of women within minority communities, and the stigmatisation of those communities. At the same time it is problematic to completely dismiss any cultural aspects of violence against women, and a nuanced approach is required which carefully balances the benefits and detriments of taking cultural factors into account. The article examines the issues within the context of the legal response to cases involving honour-related violence, arguing that although the judiciary has in a number of cases inclined towards viewing ‘honour’ as primarily cultural rather than patriarchal, in some cases they have begun to take a more gender-based or ‘mature multiculturalism’ approach.

东北振兴中地区文化产业的发展策略

东北振兴的过程,是计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转换的过程,同时也是文化注入工业、文化经济的含量在社会生产结构中的比重逐步提高的过程。由于受历史传统、地理环境以及计划经济体制等因素的影响,东北存在着技术装备落后、产业结构"老化"等问题。与之相应,人的思维方式、行为方式、文化观念等也存在"老化"现象。因而,东北文化产业的深度拓展,既是东北振兴的重要内容,也是推动东北振兴的强大动力。