Do specific forms of university-industry knowledge transfer have different impacts on the performance of private enterprises? An empirical analysis based on Swiss firm data

This study investigates the impact of a wide spectrum of Knowledge and Technology Transfer (KTT) activities (educational and research activities, activities related with technical infrastructure, and consulting) on two innovation indicators (a) in the framework of an innovation equation with variables for specific forms of KTT activities as additional determinants of innovation, and (b) based on a matched-pairs analysis for several specific forms of KTT activities. The data used in the study were collected by means of a survey of Swiss enterprises that took place at the beginning of 2005. We found that research and educational activities improve the innovation performance of firms in terms of sales of considerably modified products, research activities in addition also in terms of sales of new products. This could be shown by several methods: the innovation equation approach with instrument variables for specific forms of KTT activities as well as two matching methods.

认真贯彻落实党的十七届四中全会精神 不断深化干部人事制度改革

党的十七届四中全会《决定》提出了深化干部人事制度改革的重要任务。深化干部人事制度改革是深入贯彻落实科学发展观、服务经济文化强省建设的迫切需要,是建设中国特色干部管理制度、努力营造选贤任能浓厚氛围的迫切需要,是匡正选人用人风气、提高选人用人公信度和群众满意度的迫切需要。必须牢牢把握中央在深化干部人事制度改革上提出的新要求新举措,坚持德才兼备、以德为先的用人标准,把干部的德放在首要位置;坚持民主、公开、竞争、择优,完善干部选拔任用机制;坚持完善从基层一线培养选拔干部制度,促进形成重视基层的用人导向;坚持严格要求和关心爱护相结合,健全干部管理机制。     

90年代国际产业竞争对日本经济的影响

20世纪80年代末90年代初,随着冷战的结束,贸易自由化、全球化蓬勃发展,各国纷纷加强国家干预,努力提高本国产业的国际竞争力。美国政府采取扶植战略性产业、"国家出口战略"等政策措施,使美国产业的国际竞争力明显提高。欧洲工业经过革新,在传统工业和新型工业上再次位居世界前列。随着东亚产业竞争优势的出现,日本不但在传统产业而且在高技术产业上面临东亚等新型工业化国家的激烈竞争。因此,90年代美欧以及东亚产业竞争力的提高,导致日本产业竞争力相对下降,对外出口增长缓慢,日本国内出现产能过剩,从而加剧了日本经济的衰退。     

牛源支气管败血波氏杆菌的分离与鉴定

从2008年黑龙江省某奶牛场犊牛中暴发的一种以呼吸道病变为主疾病的患病牛中分离出3株细菌,根据其形态特征、培养特性、生化特性等将分离菌鉴定为支气管败血波氏杆菌.对分离菌进行药敏试验、皮肤坏死试验及16 S rRNA基因的克隆和序列分析.结果显示,该菌对氟哌酸、丁胺卡那霉素、庆大霉素、氯霉素敏感,可导致豚鼠皮肤坏死;其16 S rRNA基因序列与GenBank中收录的标准菌株Bb RB50株(BX640449)同源性为100%.证实,引起该病的病原是支气管败血波氏杆菌.     

美国行政赦免制度及其对死刑执行的限制

赦免是各国以外在于司法制度的方法干预司法的一项制度.美国行政赦免制度是美国行政干预司法的制度.美国联邦和部分州保留了死刑,其行政赦免在限制死刑执行中曾经起到了极其重要的作用.虽然自上世纪70年代以来,美国行政赦免在限制死刑执行中的运用已变得较为少见,但其仍是一个有效的限制死刑执行的制度.     

美国《网络空间国际战略》评析

在信息化时代,网络空间承载着国家政治、经济、文化和军事发展与安全的重荷。网络空间存在的黑客攻击、网络犯罪和网络恐怖主义事件层出不穷,因此网络空间安全已上升到国家安全战略的层面,美国政府于2011年5月16日发布的《网络空间国际战略》引起世界各国瞩目。美国《网络空间国际战略》以"共同创造繁荣、安全、开放的网络世界"为基本宗旨,以"基本自由、隐私和信息流动自由"为核心原则,从经济、网络安全、司法、军事、网络管理、国际发展、网络自由等诸方面为美国未来网络安全战略的发展指明了方向。《网络空间国际战略》的出台表明美国政府已将网络安全提升到国际战略的新高度,它隐含着美国谋求网络空间霸权的战略目标,具有引领国际战略新变革和引发网络空间价值观冲突的现实战略效能,它对中美关系的影响和中国的应对之策也是值得认真分析和思考的。     

猪戊型肝炎病毒ORF2 C-端主要抗原区的克隆及原核表达

为研究猪戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)ORF2C-端主要抗原区的原核表达产物是否具有抗原性,用PCR技术对猪戊型肝炎病毒ORF2C-端基因进行扩增,经克隆与序列分析,发现该基因片段编码289个氨基酸残基。将该目的片段连接到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,转化表达菌BL21(DE3),成功构建了重组质粒pET-HEV-ORF2-C,其重组菌于37℃、0.5mmol/L IPTG诱导表达4h后,菌体裂解物经SDS-PAGE分析,在分子质量约为34ku处出现一新蛋白带,与预期的目的蛋白分子质量相符。质谱鉴定表明,成功地表达了HEV-ORF2C-端蛋白。Western-blot和抗体效价检测分析结果表明该重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性。     

Testing Reliability of the Computational Age‐At‐Death Estimation Methods between Five Observers Using Three‐Dimensional Image Data of the Pubic Symphysis,

In an effort to standardize data collection and analysis in age estimation, a series of computational methods utilizing high‐dimensional image data of the age indicator have recently been proposed as an alternative to subjective visual, trait‐to‐phase matching techniques. To systematically quantify the reproducibility of such methods, we investigate the intrascan variability and within‐ and between‐observer reliability in initial scan data capturing and editing using 3D laser scans of the Suchey–Brooks pubic symphysis casts and five shape‐based computational methods. Our results show that (i) five observers with various training background and experience levels edited the scans consistently for all three trials and the derived shape measures and age estimates were in excellent agreement among observers, and (ii) the computational methods are robust to a measured degree of scan trimming error. This study supports the application of computational methods to 3D laser scanned images for reliable age‐at‐death estimation, with reduced subjectivity.     

Application of 3D Imaging Technology to Latent Fingermark Aging Studies

In most latent fingermark aging studies, two‐dimensional (2D) features are obtained from photo images, scans, or inked impressions. However, some relevant information is possibly being missed because fingermarks are three‐dimensional (3D) objects that age in all three dimensions. A feature that has not been carefully examined is how the height of ridges changes over time. In this report, a 3D imaging technology—called optical profilometry—is introduced as a tool for the visual examination of the aging process. Optical profilometry is a nondestructive technology that allows the visualization and data acquisition of unprocessed latent fingermarks. Detailed ridge images and spatiotemporal data were successively obtained on the x‐, y‐ and z‐axis, delivering 3D topographical information. OP was able to detect the loss of ridge heights over time. The feasibility of employing this technology to collect data on the aging process of ridges has been proven.