风险社会下农村重大疫情防控策略及其治理逻辑——基于河南省H村新冠肺炎疫情的防控分析

新冠肺炎疫情是时空压缩的现代化中社会风险的突发呈现,具有强传播性、不确定性等特点,这增加了防控和治理难度。农村社会为化解疫情防控资源不足和设施薄弱等问题,实现了由常规治理向运动式治理的快速切换,通过集中资源、快速决策、硬核管控、群众参与等方式,建立起“低成本、高效率”的治理体系,实现了疫情的高效防控。农村高质量的防控源于治理模式的转换,也得益于村庄日常性合作文化的培育、组织载体的建设和群众路线的坚守,这对基层治理能力的提升、乡村振兴的实践及国家应急管理体系的完善都具有重要借鉴意义。     

新中国成立以来党和国家防控重大疫情的历程、经验与启示

新中国成立以来,面对不同历史时期出现的重大疫情,党和国家高度重视防控化解工作,为维护人民健康福祉和公共卫生安全提供了坚实保障.70多年来,党和国家积累了有关防控重大疫情的丰富经验,即必须始终把坚持党的领导摆在核心位置,必须形成对重大疫情的科学认知,必须高度重视医疗卫生相关制度和体系的发展与完善,必须紧紧依靠广大人民群众的支持和深化国际合作.面对新冠肺炎疫情带来的安全挑战,党和国家的疫情防控工作已彰显出了一些新的特征,以史为鉴,当前必须进一步推进舆论引导机制、疫情上报机制、卫生保障机制、监督问责机制和协同参与机制的发展完善,以确保党和国家防控重大疫情的水平和能力得到不断提升.     

The use of 3D visualization for sustainable tourism planning

This paper describes the results of using 3D visualization (3DV) in sustainable tourism planning (STP) during the Comcot project in Estonia. Organizers were interviewed on the characteristics of 3DV for STP and on how participants were involved in discourse using 3DV. The study describes experiences from the Setu, Maidla, and Võrtsjärv lake regions of Estonia. The content analysis of the interviews suggested that the precise selection of visualization objects, detalization levels, and user interface characteristics may significantly influence the quality of STP sessions and help to optimize time, financial, and human resources allocated for a project. The coherent design of the 3DV tool and the neutral moderator positively affect the level of participant involvement in STP and support a trusted platform for community decision making.     

VNTR D17530位点多态性在亲子鉴定中的应用

运用微量热启动PCR技术,对20例正常家系的遗传学分析,证实D17530位点的遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律,表现为简单的共显性遗传。同时,对100例亲子鉴定案例进行回顾性分析研究,证明D17S30位．在多态性可应用于我国法医学亲子鉴定。根据D17S30位点基因频率估算的排除概率（74．04％）与其实际排除能力（80．00％）无显著差异。在15倒排除亲子关系的案例中,有2例由D17S30位点单独取得排除证据。D17S30位点是法医学上有重要意义的遗传学标记,可用于亲子鉴定。     

新冠肺炎疫情背景下台湾宏观经济形势及其影响因素分析

2020年,在新冠肺炎疫情背景下,台湾地区经济总量实现相对高速增长,但疫情对于岛内不同行业的影响有显著差异。从生产和需求角度分别加以考察,2020年台湾经济增长的主要动力来自制造业和出口。研究结果表明,台湾宏观经济受疫情冲击较为有限,主要是因为疫情催生“远距经济”等新业态,众多5G技术应用场景加速落地,激发资讯电子产品的市场需求,使岛内资讯电子工业产值大幅上升,有效弥补了传统制造业部门产值下滑所产生的缺口,推升了台湾制造业总体产值。祖国大陆作为台湾资讯电子产品最主要的目标市场和生产据点,在较短时间内有效控制疫情,全面复工复产,并且充分发挥新一代信息技术对于疫情防控和复工复产工作的支撑作用,有力助推了台湾资讯电子产品的生产和销售。正因如此,疫情防控期间,两岸进出口额逆势增长,大大改善了台湾对外贸易状况,这是疫情背景下台湾宏观经济形势保持稳定的关键外部因素。     

Party competition and citizens' political attitudes in the American states

Democratic theorists argue that vigorous competition between candidates/parties is essential for democracy to flourish because it engages citizens' political interest and ultimately makes elected officials more accountable to their constituents. Using data on citizens' perceptions of government responsiveness to their political opinions from the American National Election Studies and the Ranney measure of party competition for control of state government, we examine the effects of competition on citizens' political attitudes from 1952 to 2008. Our analysis reveals that citizens feel government is more responsive to them when there is greater competition between the two parties for control of government in their state. However, this relationship is confined only to citizens who identify with the party that controls government in their state. We also find that the relationship between competition and efficacy is strongest among citizens with lower levels of education and income. These results suggest that vigorous competition for control of state government can have important implications for citizens' political attitudes.     

Untangling Housing Cost and Transportation Interactions: The Location Affordability Index Model—Version 2 (LAIM2)

Abstract

It is now accepted that to have an understanding of housing affordability one must consider not only housing costs, but also the transportation costs associated with that household location. To make this information readily accessible to the public, the United States government created an Internet resource, the Location Affordability Portal – Version 2 (www.locationaffordability.info), to provide housing and transportation costs for every neighborhood in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Although the statistical model at the heart of this resource was designed for predictive accuracy, its design and parameter estimates can provide additional insights into the interaction of housing cost and transportation choices (and thus its cost). This study describes the development and explores the policy implications (and limitations) of this structural equations model, the Location Affordability Index Model – Version 2 (LAIM2).     

Checking the Fact-Checkers in 2008: Predicting Political Ad Scrutiny and Assessing Consistency

Which types of political ads are most likely to draw criticism from fact-checkers? Are fact-checkers consistent in their evaluations of political ads? Examining general election television ads from the 2008 U.S. presidential race, and based upon the evaluations of FactCheck.org, PolitiFact.com, and the Washington Post's Fact Checker, this study demonstrates it was the attack ads from candidates that were most likely to draw scrutiny from the fact-checkers. Most importantly, a high level of agreement between the fact-checkers indicates their success at selecting political claims that can be consistently evaluated. While political advertisers are increasingly using evidence to support their claims, what may be more critical in drawing evaluations from fact-checkers is the verifiability of a claim. The implications of consistent fact-checking on the public, political actors, journalism and democracy are discussed. With the revelation that fact-checking can be consistently practiced, localized efforts at fact-checking need encouragement, particularly as political TV ads increasingly drown out other potential sources of information for the public and increasingly are used in downballot races, local initiatives, referendums and judicial races.     

John Paul Jones: An Overlooked Autopsy Finding that May Explain His Terminal Illness

A finding in the autopsy of John Paul Jones, the American Revolutionary War naval hero, may explain his terminal illness. During his last 2 years, he had a persistent productive cough and dyspnea. Ten days before death, he developed rapidly progressive dependent edema and ascites. He died in France in 1792. His body, preserved in alcohol in a lead coffin, was, in 1905, removed to the United States. Glomerulonephritis was noted on an autopsy, performed in France, but there was no comment then or since about ventricular wall thickness being the same in both ventricles at 5–6 mm. Hypertrophy and dilatation with biventricular failure followed by tissue shrinkage during 113 years in alcohol could have resulted in these ventricular wall findings. Systemic hypertension and left ventricular failure are consistent with his respiratory symptoms complicated perhaps by pulmonary emboli, right ventricular failure with tricuspid regurgitation, peripheral congestion, and jaundice.     

颅骨三维模型制作和数据库的构建

目的采用激光扫描深度图像法和CT影像法,制作颅骨模型,并建立无身源颅骨模型数据库。方法收集各省(区)送检的59例无身源颅骨样本,采用三维激光扫描仪进行颅骨深度图像的采集;采用多排螺旋CT进行颅骨断层影像数据的采集。分别经处理后建立颅骨三维模型。利用3D打印技术实现数字颅骨模型的实体复制。建立具有颅骨信息查询和三维模型显示的无身源颅骨模型数据库。结果采用深度图像法可以获得颅骨的外表面模型,且通过调整扫描仪的参数使细节特征更清晰。采用CT断层影像法可以重建颅骨的内、外部结构,且对于牙齿具有更好的重建结果。建立数据库并将59例无身源颅骨样本信息和三维模型纳入数据库。结论三维建模和3D打印技术可实现对颅骨的重建和模型复制。无身源颅骨数据库的构建,可实现存储和管理颅骨样本的各类信息和三维数据,有助于查询和信息共享,对法医学实践有积极的应用价值。