Stigma and discrimination in mentally disordered offender patients – a comparison with a non-forensic population

High levels of stigma and discrimination are reported by individuals with mental health problems. Aim: To assess self-reported levels of stigma and discrimination in forensic psychiatric patients, with psychotic illness, compared with general adult psychiatric patients with psychosis. Hypothesis: Individuals with a history of violent offending, as well as severe mental illness, report more stigma and discrimination, than non offender patients, as a result of them being perceived as dangerous and unpredictable. Method: Experiences of stigma and discrimination were compared in 32 forensic and 32 non-forensic general psychiatric patients, with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, using the Stigma and Discrimination Scale (DISC). Results: Stigma and discrimination were widely reported by all patients, particularly affecting relationships with family, intimate relationships and friendships. No significant difference emerged between the forensic and non-forensic patients, in experienced or anticipated stigma. Conclusions: We suggest that the lower level of psycho pathology, longer inpatient stays and intensive rehabilitation for forensic patients may reduce the extent to which these patients experience stigma and discrimination.     

Intimate Partner Violence as a Risk Factor for Mental Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

This article reviews literature on the prevalence of mental health problems among women with a history of intimate partner violence. The weighted mean prevalence of mental health problems among battered women was 47.6% in 18 studies of depression, 17.9% in 13 studies of suicidality, 63.8% in 11 studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 18.5% in 10 studies of alcohol abuse, and 8.9% in four studies of drug abuse. These were typically inconsistent across studies. Weighted mean odds ratios representing associations of these problems with violence ranged from 3.55 to 5.62, and were typically consistent across studies. Variability was accounted for by differences in sampling frames. Dose-response relationships of violence to depression and PTSD were observed. Although research has not addressed many criteria for causal inferences, the existing research is consistent with the hypothesis that intimate partner violence increases risk for mental health problems. The appropriate way to conceptualize these problems deserves careful attention.     

从人格特质及心理健康水平预测护士职业适应

本文运用了人格检查法及心理健康量表调查了168名护士,并与有关资料对比,旨在了解护士人格特质及心理健康水平与职业适应的预测关系。研究发现,敏感性、世故性、忧虑性、紧张性人格特质与躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性症状呈现显著正相关;自律性人格与躯体化呈现显著负相关。结论认为,人格特质与心理健康相关,据此可预测职业适应情况。     

健康方面的性别不平等与贫困

健康方面的性别不平等主要体现在妇女的健康状况和保健质量处于劣势、家庭内部营养品分配的不平等及生育和节育手术的不平等三个方面。健康方面的性别不平等影响了妇女的生计选择;减少了她们获取外界信息的机会;因多胎生育增加了孩子的抚养成本;也导致妇女妇科病增多,难以承担繁重的体力劳动,造成家庭贫困。而贫困进一步加剧了健康方面的性别不平等。     

新冠肺炎疫情下司法精神医学鉴定的应对

新冠肺炎疫情已被公认为全球性重大挑战。已经、正在,同时仍将对人类社会的诸多方面产生深远的影响。新冠肺炎疫情下司法精神医学鉴定面临诸多挑战,通过梳理疫情下已实施的有关司法鉴定方面的做法、经验,分析涉疫情主要犯罪类型,开展司法精神医学远程鉴定具有必要性和可行性。但应关注其局限性,实施之前应制定相应的操作规范。     

汶川震后的灾难心理救援对策与思考

本文从心理学和行为学的角度分析了汶川地震灾害带给灾区民众的各阶段的压力反应特征,在此基础上研究并提出了此次地震灾害心理救援的基本对策,以期灾难发生后能快速实施心理救援和救助,减少灾民的心理痛苦,尽快恢复社会秩序。     

Consent to Treatment for Transgender Youth: The Next Chapter – Bell & Anor v The Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust & Ors

In September 2021, the Court of Appeal reversed the controversial decision of Quincy Bell v Tavistock and Portman NHS Trust in a victory for transgender rights. At first instance, the Divisional Court had set a high legal threshold for transgender children to attain Gillick competence to consent to treatment with puberty blockers – effectively restricting access to treatment for many. On appeal, the Court of Appeal held that children are capable in law of giving valid consent to treatment for gender dysphoria, and court authorisation would not be routinely required before children could access such treatment. This note considers the implications of the Court of Appeal decision for the law on minors and consent to medical treatment in the transgender health context.     

天行健，君子以自强不息

《周易》是儒家文化的经典之一,被誉为“群经之首”。“天行健,君子以自强不息”是《周易》典籍最闪耀的思想,是中华民族精神和时代精神的重要内容。今天,对在校大学生来说,如何实现自强,做到自强不息,文章从四个方面加以论述,即自知自信是自强的前提,理想信念是自强的力量之源,身心健康是自强不息的基础,奋发进取是自强不息的核心内容。     

人格因素对监管警察心理健康的影响

本研究采用问卷法和访谈法,以黑龙江省哈尔滨市和齐齐哈尔市479名在职监管警察为被试,发放由人口统计学资料、16PF人格因素量表和SCL-90量表组成的题本,集中施测.运用SPSS13.0统计分析软件包对测试数据进行处理,得出如下结论:监管警察的心理健康水平低于中国常模,且与中国常模差异显著;不同群体监管警察心理健康状况存在差异;监管警察的人格因素与中国常模存在差异;不同群体监管警察人格因素存在差异;人格因素对监管警察心理健康有影响.     

The Employment of Ex-Offenders and the UK's New Criminal Record Bureau

This article outlines the development of the UK's Criminal Records Bureau designed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the screening arrangements for potential employees by disclosure of their criminal records to employers. The Bureau builds on existing arrangements that have been in place for a number of years. The authors argue that this development, which includes a much wider availability of criminal records, is an example of a new social policy that has the potential for an unintended consequence of large scale social exclusion, by limiting the prospects of employment for ex-offenders.