论合同效力类型体系的重构*--认真对待合同的法律约束力

现有合同效力类型体系不够科学,有必要重构。合同的效力类型应划分为三类五种。合同有效（广义）包括依法成立的合同的有效（狭义）和可撤销合同的有效。合同效力待定实为法律约束力待定。合同无效（广义）包括合同绝对无效（狭义）和相对无效。此“三类五种体系”始终以合同的“法律约束力”为基点,与现有的以“生效”为基点的合同效力类型体系均截然有别。该体系还表明,合同有效乃生效的必要前提。应当承认合同有效乃介于合同成立与合同生效之间的独立的效力层次。     

20世纪20年代乡土小说述评

乡土小说有着深厚的历史渊源,是中华民族传统精神的继承与延续,也是先贤留给我们的宝贵精神财富。20世纪20年代乡土小说立足于中国本土,有着浓郁的乡土气息,深含强烈的悲剧意识,在表现手法上克服了"思想大于形象"的通病,真实的再现了20年代社会的风貌,开拓了批判现实主义小说的新路,不仅是五四运动以来的重要文学现象,也是现代小说不容错过的课题。它所创造的小说散文化倾向也为小说样式的发展做出了不可磨灭的贡献。     

Electoral Incentives and Individual Parliament Members’ Rights

Cameral procedures define the modus operandi of a parliament. This article examines how the electoral environment affects parliaments’ rules of procedures and legislators’ rights. It argues that when the electoral environment motivates legislators to act individualistically governments are incentivised to restrict cameral procedures to curtail legislators’ behaviour. Materialising such incentives depends on the government’s ability to pass restrictive procedural changes. To test the assertion, four decades (1967–2007) of amendments to the Israeli Knesset’s rules of procedure were examined and support provided for co-variation of the electoral environment and restrictive Knesset’s procedures. The analysis then details the factors that enabled Israeli governments to pass such restrictive measures. Indeed, governments seem to use the rules of procedure strategically in their attempt to improve their control and curtail legislators’ behaviour.     

被害人承诺在刑法理论体系中的地位问题初探

被害人承诺可分为“合意”与“同意”两种形式。从发挥犯罪构成要件的机能、顺应人们认识事物的规律出发，将被害人承诺中的“同意”作为首先符合犯罪构成要件，然后基于法益衡量将其合法化的正当化事由更为科学。     

非法供证排除机制之完善

刑讯逼供等非人道、不文明的供证收集行为早已为现代法治国家严格禁止。非法供证不具有证据资格已是通行作法。但在我国,刑讯逼供等非法获取供证的行为在刑事侦查中久禁不绝。推究产生这一现象的原因,就是通过刑迅逼供等非法行为获得的供证大量地被作为证据加以使用。这一症结之一在于目前对于认定非法供证的机关机制建构不足。本文就这些重要的协调和保障机制予以揭示,以期望我国的非法供证排除能有所起色。     

20世纪60年代美国新左派运动历史背景之分析

20世纪60年代的美国新左派运动是美国社会现代化过程中各种矛盾聚集的结果,是在经济、文化、政治等诸因素的共同作用下形成的.经济繁荣带来的解决社会问题的可能性与社会现实间的鲜明对比引发了更多的反叛意识;经济发展过程中产生的文化失范现象促使人们寻找解决之道;经济繁荣推动了教育的发展,使青年中产生出强烈的群体意识,为运动做了思想上和组织上的准备;而政治因素则为它的发生提供了政治环境、培育了政治意识.研究它,对于我们这个处于现代化转型期的国家有着现实的借鉴意义.     

社会主义政治文明建设刍议

社会主义社会应是物质文明、政治文明、精神文明全面发展的社会;人民当家作主是社会主义政治文明的本质要求;依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略;制度建设是人民当家作主的关键。     

MAKING A MOUNTAIN OUT OF A MOLEHILL: A LAW AND ECONOMICS DEFENSE OF SAME‐SEX FOSTER CARE ADOPTIONS

This article explores the methods by which homosexual partners can adopt children from foster care, primarily via the stepparent adoption method because most jurisdictions do not recognize same‐sex marriage or civil unions. In establishing that the children in foster care constitute a market not in equilibrium, I explore the significant barriers to entry that homosexual partners must overcome in order to adopt a child, including the biased rules of intestate succession, the inability of homosexuals to secure health insurance or other governmental subsidies for their nonbiological, adopted children, and the apparent misconception that homosexual parenting negatively affects the well‐being of the child. By deconstructing the barriers to entry in the foster care market for children, children will be afforded the opportunity to maximize their utility through permanency, and homosexual parents and the general public can maximize their utility through the reallocation of assets away from the foster care market, given that more children are likely to be adopted once homosexuals are granted unfettered adoption rights. The reallocation of assets away from the foster care market increases social efficiency, which is desired by all.     

刑事案件普通程序简易审质疑

无论从理论还是实践角度看,刑事案件普通程序简易审既欠缺理论上的合理性,实际上也达不到提高效率的目的,不符合程序正义的要求。要提高刑事审判效率,着眼点应放在侦查阶段、完善多种速决程序、提高法官素质等途径上来。