中国农村留守女童状况研究

目前,农村留守儿童问题已经引起了政府和社会的高度关注,但农村留守女童作为一个更加需要关注的群体,却始终没有得到足够的重视,与农村留守女童有关的各项基础信息也十分缺乏。本文利用2005年全国1%人口抽样调查数据估算了全国农村留守女童的规模、结构、地域分布等基本情况,重点阐述了农村留守女童的受教育状况、照料状况和大龄留守女童的就业状况等热点问题。本文还从性别视角出发,分别比较了留守男童和女童的各项指标。     

The Role of Local Government in the Prevention of Violence against Women and Girls during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This article discusses aspects of the emerging evidence around the impact of COVID-19 on violence against women as well as local government interventions relating to the prevention of domestic violence in Latin American countries. I show how, during the coronavirus outbreak, local governments are vital in the prevention of violence against women and girls, and I present examples of some local actions that seek to guarantee access to the appropriate support and services during the pandemic.     

The Role of Violent Media Preference in Cumulative Developmental Risk for Violence and General Aggression

The impact of exposure to violence in the media on the long-term development and short-term expression of aggressive behavior has been well documented. However, gaps in this literature remain, and in particular the role of violent media exposure in shaping violent and other serious antisocial behavior has not been investigated. Further, studies of violent media effects typically have not sampled from populations with confirmed histories of violent and/or nonviolent antisocial behavior. In this study, we analyzed data on 820 youth, including 390 juvenile delinquents and 430 high school students, to examine the relation of violent media use to involvement in violence and general aggression. Using criterion scores developed through cross-informant modeling of data from self, parent/guardian, and teacher/staff reports, we observed that childhood and adolescent violent media preferences contributed significantly to the prediction of violence and general aggression from cumulative risk totals. Findings represent a new and important direction for research on the role of violent media use in the broader matrix of risk factors for youth violence.

高职女大学生心理健康教育初探

随着社会的发展,大学生心理健康问题受到人们越来越多的关注。本文针对高职女生产生的自足、自卑、空虚、嫉妒和情绪化等心理健康问题,探讨了这一群体心理问题产生的历史现象及自身的原因,提出了解决高职女生心理健康的对策。     

论奸淫幼女犯罪既遂的认定标准

法律的正当理性在于保护人的尊严、自由以及个人与社会生活中的实质性价值,引导社会生活和人类文明的健康发展。我国现行刑法关于奸淫幼女犯罪既遂的接触说标准,在根本立场上是非理性主义、重刑主义的表现,无论是从保护被害人的利益、被告人的人权、促进正常性行为方式和性文化的健康发展,还是从充分体现刑法立法的科学合理性、刑法的谦抑性等立场来说都存在诸多弊端。因此,应当在法理上、立法与司法实务上统一强奸犯罪(其中当然包括奸淫幼女犯罪)既遂的插入说标准,反对并废除奸淫幼女犯罪既遂的接触说标准。     

对《高院关于审理未成年人刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题解释》的理解与反思

最近,最高人民法院颁布了《关于审理未成年人刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》,这在司法实践中为更好地挽救未成年犯罪人提供了法律依据。但该解释颁布以来,也暴露出了一些问题,造成了司法机关办理未成年人刑事案件的困惑。     

幼女奸生子的抚养问题探析

幼女奸生子的抚养问题极为棘手，容易引发许多伦理纠纷和社会问题，亟待法律的规制。可是，我国有关非婚生子女抚养的立法却比较模糊、概括、缺乏可操作性，在实践中难以发挥作用。针对这一特殊情况，应当完善相关法律，构建以社会救助为主的抚养模式，以促进这一社会矛盾的妥善解决。     

Towards an Explanatory Taxonomy of Adolescent Delinquents: Identifying Several Social-Psychological Profiles

Taxonomic structure is examined in two large samples of delinquent youth in a domain of socio-psychological and personality factors. This paper offers a partial empirical test of the overlapping theoretical taxonomies of Moffitt (Pshycol Rev 100:674–701, 1993), Lykken (The antisocial personalities, 1995) and Mealey (1995). The first sample consisted of juvenile offenders (n = 1,572) from three state systems. Multiple cluster analysis methods were applied (Wards method, standard K-means, bootstrapped K-means and a semi-supervised pattern recognition technique). Core or exemplar cases were identified by means of a voting procedure. Seven clusters recurrently emerged across replications. While clear analogues of Moffitt’s two main categories were found, several additional stable subtypes emerged that were clearly reminiscent of Lykken’s sociopathic, neurotic-internalizing and “normal” types. However, boundaries between types were fuzzy and unstable, and many unclassified cases existed. Internal validation was assessed by cross-method verification. External validation assessed type differentiation on several delinquent behaviors. Finally, generalizability was assessed by repeating the clustering on a large replication sample (n = 1,453) from another state. Six of the seven initial types re-emerged.     

农村留守女童父母照顾权阙如及补正——陕西省渭南市富平县H乡的个案分析

本文分析了农村留守女童父母照顾权中的居所指定权被滥用、教育权缺失、交往权阙如的情况,提出未来的《婚姻法》修订中应当规定父母照顾权,并细化父母照顾权的内容,继而在《民法典.亲属编》中分别规定父母照顾权和监护制度,使其各司其职,从而为农村留守女童权益保障提供制度支持。     

保障女童入学，努力实现基础教育的性别平等

女童教育不完全 ,也是义务教育不完全。女童是明天的妇女 ,其素质高低 ,直接影响社会人力资源的发展基础 ,影响社会的民主、平等的建设进程。只有实现基础教育的性别平等,才能做到教育全面发展 ,做到社会性别公正 ,这是人类社会文明进步的重要标志。