Complex adaptive systems as a valid framework for understanding community level development

Complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory is gaining mainstream recognition in development policy and management. This article looks to the correlations between development theory and CAS theory to support an argument for the validity of community level development as a complex adaptive system. The article describes some theoretical and practical implications of using CAS theory as a framework for community level development. This includes a call for researchers and practitioners to understand more thoroughly the contextualised nature of development, and the communities in which development interventions are implemented.     

The persisting challenge of age-for-grade non-compliance in post-free primary education in Kenya

This article examines the prevalence of non-compliance on the age-for-grade policy in the post-free primary education system in Kenya. We utilised data from the 2009 cohort of enrolled primary schoolchildren. The analysis revealed non-compliance to be a persisting concern in the school system, characterised by both under-age and over-age enrolment at the age-for-grade level of analysis in spite of the introduction of free primary education in 2003. Irrespective of the nature of non-compliance, overcrowding in the lower grades is more prevalent, with potential for adverse compromises in quality of learning and the attendant added dimension of the mismatched grade-for-age curricula.     

Obstacles to the use of indigenous knowledge

Tribal communities are often viewed as living in harmony with nature, and their traditional knowledge is regarded as essential in the sustainable use of resources and central to their inclusion in the development process. This article studies the main obstacles to the use of indigenous knowledge among the Reang tribal community in Tripura (northeast India), and presents two main arguments. First, that there are inherent problems and tensions within the concept of indigenous knowledge which is not evenly shared across the community. Second, the essence of indigenous knowledge remains futile in circumstances where the Indian state categorises indigenous knowledge and its holders as “backward” and “primitive”.     

Road development,and changes in livelihood and mobility in Savannakhet,Lao PDR

The development of roads is a major focus of development projects in the Mekong Sub-Region. This empirical study was conducted in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, to examine the benefits of road development, its impact on livelihoods, and the link between livelihoods and mobility through the concept of sense of place. The results showed that road development affected people's livelihoods, which, in turn, affected their sense of place and mobility. Analysing sense of place allows us to understand how road development can change gender norms and why more women migrate than men.     

The Commonwealth of Nations and the EU after the ‘Global’ Crisis: Rethinking Post-2015 ‘Global’ Development?

Abstract

The continuing ‘global’ crisis has accelerated divergences between regions, especially between the ‘rising’ global South, the European Union (EU) of the PIIGS (Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain) and Cyprus, which belongs to both the Commonwealth and the EU. This article studies the emerging ‘vertical’ divergences between the EU and the global South, especially around the so-called Economic Partnership Agreements, and the parallel ‘horizontal’ divergences among Anglophone, Francophone (the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie) and Lusophone (the Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa) Commonwealths, with their inheritance of emulation and competition. It focuses on the possibilities of enhanced human/citizen security to propose an analysis that challenges established perspectives and points towards prospects for Commonwealth ‘schools’ of international relations/development.     

数字经济、要素市场化与经济高质量发展

数字经济具有高技术性、高成长性、高融合性、高协同性特征,数字经济发展在增加经济系统高端素投入数量的同时,实现了对传统素质量的改造升级,提升了素生产效率.而且,数字经济可降低素配置成本,盘活市场中"沉睡"的素资源,激发素蛰伏的潜能,优化素市场化配置规模和效率.进一步的实证检验得出:数字经济的经济高质量效应显著为正,素市场...     

赋予检察机关有限民事公诉权的理性分析

本文作者认为 ,检察机关提起民事公诉是各国立法通例 ,并与其作为国家法律监督机关的性质相吻合 ,有利于保障审判独立和实现司法公正。但国家干预是有限度的 ,检察机关提起民事公诉应仅限于攸关国家利益和社会公共利益的几类案件。     

西部大开发与加强和改进公安工作的思考

楚雄州公安机关如何为西部大开发提供一个良好的治安环境和优质服务 ,努力实践江总书记“三个代表”的重要思想 ,这是我们各级公安机关领导必须思考的重大课题。结合楚雄州的实际 ,公安机关要围绕西部大开发这个主题 ,努力解决五个不适应 ,树立六个观念 ,抓好六个方面的工作     

办一流警校 创二次辉煌——新疆警官高等专科学校发展与改革思考

普通高等教育与成人高等教育的地位、作用有一定的差别,在管理模式和特殊性规范等方面也有明显的不同。新疆警官高等专科学校应起点高、质量好、办学规范,确定公安高校人才培养模式,重点抓好学科建设。     

论社会的科技化与治安防范的科技化

科学技术作为一种积极的生产力,直接或间接地改变着社会的政治、经济结构,改变着人类的生活方式和思想观念.我们应当将先进的科学技术运用到治安防范中去,争取早日使治安防范科技化、高效化.