What role for trade in food sovereignty? Insights from a small island archipelago

The food sovereignty movement has been gathering momentum in advocating the rights of individuals and nations to control their own food systems. Alongside this is a mounting critical engagement regarding its privileging of local food production as the means through which to achieve this goal. Adopting a place-based approach, we explore the foodways of diverse communities across a small island archipelago – the Turks and Caicos Islands in the West Indies. Based on interviews and focus groups, we unpack narratives relating to islanders’ changing food practices and aspirations. These are understood as two competing but inter-related themes of disruption and reification of current practices shaped by wider food regimes in interaction with ecological challenges. Given that conditions of historic dependency implicate the islands in a myriad of dependent trade relationships, we argue that small island economies offer, and require, unique cases for understanding how sovereign conditions for trade might be developed in line with a food sovereignty framework. We underline the importance of an inter-disciplinary focus for bringing forth a nuanced understanding of what might be required to shape more sustainable, sovereign and secure food futures. Doing so is necessarily rooted in an appreciation of islanders’ accounts of social, economic, political and ecological change over time.     

海岛居民生活质量的现状分析与对策研究——以浙江舟山为例

人口生活质量,是影响一个国家或城市经济社会发展的重要因素。通过对浙江海岛舟山的居民人口生活质量的现状研究,发现海岛舟山存在人口整体文化素质偏低、人才资源结构性矛盾比较突出、居民道德落后于经济社会发展要求、存在自信而又自卑的心理等问题。并就提高海岛舟山居民的人口生活质量从教育投入、人才引进、素质提高和意识培育四个层面提出具体对策。     

中日东海大陆架划界中的若干关键问题

中日两国并非共大陆架是中日东海大陆架划界应首先明确的问题。以此为基础,划界应适用并体现公平原则。"中间线"由日本单方面提出,并非习惯法规则,且不符合东海实际情况,故不应成为划分两国大陆架的界线;钓鱼岛等岛屿面积小、主权存在争议且位于两国中界,依照国际实践,不应具有划界效力。中日两国邻接东海的海岸线差异显著,因而"比例性"是公平划界应考虑的一个重要因素。     

Think territory politically: the making and escalation of Beijing’s commitment to Sovereignize Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands

In popular narratives, intellectual and media analysts believe the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands dispute between China and Japan is a contestation for potential hydrocarbon reserves and other maritime rights which are per se divisible, but nationalism – particularly on China side – and relative power change between the two competing claimants make these territories increasingly indivisible and the dispute war-prone. Based on a review over People's Daily’s coverage of the disputes and other secondary information, this article reveals a different scenario by highlighting the political meanings of disputed territories for national cohesion and regime self-preservation. It finds, Beijing’s strategic moves in the disputes are influenced by its efforts at different occasions to de-legitimate Republic of China at Taiwan and defend its core interests – namely Taiwan and the "One-China" principle, to appease the patriotism in Hong Kong and facilitate the latter’s stable reversion to China in 1990s, and what is more, to rally popular support at home. In addition, Beijing’s Diaoyu/Senkaku strategy did not follow a carefully calculated path, but was mostly reactive to the contingencies and ultimately took shape through the incremental accumulation of previous policies and behaviours.     

中国拥有钓鱼岛主权的证据链构造

传统上,对于钓鱼岛主权归属问题,我国学界通常以历史证据和地图证据主张作为论证的逻辑起点,缺乏结合证据规则进行的论证。在论证钓鱼岛主权归属问题时,应当对证据主张的逻辑与证据链构造逻辑予以区分,并可借鉴国际法院适用的证据分量大小认定规则,确立“历史证据/相关条约”作为论证钓鱼岛归属中国的逻辑进路,辅之以其他层级关键证据,赋予其决定性分量,以构造出拥有钓鱼岛主权层级结构分明、环环相扣的完整证据链,历史证据与《开罗宣言》《波茨坦公告》等国际条约共同确证了钓鱼岛主权回归中国,构筑证明钓鱼岛主权属中国所有的总证据链的第一子证据链;中国对钓鱼岛进行有效管辖及其相关证据构成第二子证据链;中国、日本和第三方证明钓鱼岛主权归属中国的地图等证据,构成第三子证据链。     

Sino-Japanese Energy Security and Regional Stability: The Case of the East China Sea Gas Exploration

The Sino-Japanese dispute over the East China Sea maritime resources was triggered by the unsettled maritime boundary and the territorial dispute over the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands. The dispute has been ascribed by many to intensified competition between China and Japan over energy supply. However this article attributes the fundamental cause of the conflict to power politics and political distrust, which are deemed to have the key role in preventing the two governments from finding a solution. The article analyses the origin and the causes responsible for the Sino-Japanese dispute over the East China Sea gas exploration, and then proceeds to investigate the diplomatic dialogues to reveal the key obstacles in the process.

Discursive Construction of territorial disputes: foreign newspaper reporting on the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands dispute

Most studies of the news discourse surrounding territorial disputes focus on the domestic newspapers of the conflicting countries from the perspective of “us” and “them”. This study examines how the newspapers of foreign countries discursively construct a territorial dispute within the framework of an intergroup conflict schema. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of articles on the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands dispute published online in five newspapers of record (the New York Times, the Guardian, the Sydney Morning Herald, Le Monde, and the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung) reveals two main points: First, the articles published by these newspapers share a similar intergroup conflict schema that is based on competition and the pursuit of national interests as interpreted in conformance with the national interests of the respective countries (USA, UK, Australia, France, and Germany). Second, in terms of how news discourse is framed, there are noticeable differences between the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung and the other four which may reflect the influence of Germany’s socio-historical context on domestic public opinion.     

辽宁沿海经济带开发建设中海洋利用与保护问题研究

该文分析了辽宁沿海经济带发展规划实施以来海洋利用与保护工作面临的形势和存在的主要问题,提出了加强辽宁海洋利用与保护、服务沿海经济带建设的对策和建议。     

近代日本侵略性文化的历史渊源及解析

通过日本大和民族的自身特征来分析近代以来其侵略思想如何生成并演变为一种民族特性。日本岛国上产生的神话传说被统治者利用并被改造为日本的神国史,强化了神道信仰和皇道思想,再加上后来幕府时代政治理念,即武士道精神,造成了大和民族对外侵略扩张的政治文化特性。明治维新后,这一政治文化同西方列强的殖民侵略和扩张主义相结合,进而演变为国家神道信仰与资本主义天皇制政体,最后变种为天皇统治下的靖国神社思想和军国法西斯专政体制。总之,日本岛国地理环境、神道信仰、神国皇道思想、武士道精神在漫长的历史中融为一体,演变成了近代日本大和民族侵略扩张的思想文化和政治理念。     

知识分子的窄门:刘大任“保钓三部曲”的思想流脉与文体特征初探

刘大任的“保钓三部曲”小说均以曾参与保钓运动的知识分子为主人公,融入大量自传性材料,注重对知识分子追寻道路与思想困境做社会历史分析,深度呈现知识分子介入革命实践的历史真相。这些作品在文体实践上采用多声部、多视角的叙事形态,是有感于保钓运动的意义陷落于当下历史视野中的危机,着意于还原历史真相,并隐含着对年轻世代的召唤结构。本文以这三部曲为分析文本,探究其思想轨迹及文体实践,致力于把握作品背后复杂的精神感受与思想脉动。