Reengineering the Child Support Scheme: An Australian Perspective on the British Government's Proposals

After years of problems with the Child Support Scheme in Britain, the Government has decided to attempt reform again, less than four years after a previous major change was implemented in 2003. The author evaluates these reform proposals, drawing upon his experience in leading a recent major review of child support policy in Australia. While many of the reform measures offer a sensible way forward for child support policy, Britain risks going backwards in terms of community acceptance of the child support obligation. The Government needs to consider the likely impact of its policy settings on private agreements about child support. Ways are proposed both to protect the Treasury and to promote the wellbeing of children by adopting different policy settings that ensure the resident parent has an incentive to bargain for the level of child support required by the new formula. The new formula itself is evaluated in the light of the international research on the costs of children. Ways are also suggested for developing a co-ordinated approach across government to the provision of support services for parents who do not live together.     

WTO框架下完善我国知识产权滥用规制制度的若干思考

防止滥用知识产权是WTO框架下的TRIPs协议确立的一项基本原则。我国对于知识产权滥用的规制既要充分利用TRIPs给予成员的立法空间,又要符合TRIPs协议的要求。我们应该就TRIPs协议中已经规定的对限制竞争行为的禁止、专利强制许可、滥用知识产权执法程序等几个方面来建立和完善规制知识产权滥用的制度,以全面履行TRIPs协议。     

对违法行为的分类治理研究——从提高违法成本角度分析

我国违法现象易发、多发,违法成本低是重要原因。对违法行为的处罚标准和查处概率都对违法成本产生重要影响。设定的处罚标准越高、查处概率越高,违法者的违法成本就越高。处罚标准高低是立法问题,查处概率高低则受执法人员数量、执法频率、执法技术水平、执法意愿等多种因素影响。为了提高违法成本,需根据情况适当提高处罚标准,增加执法人员,改进执法技术,但更重要的是提升执法者的执法意愿。     

区域联动执法的理论基础研究

区域联动执法伴随着区域经济合作的兴起而出现,联动执法的兼容性和协调性克服地区差异弊端,成为区域合作的主要保障手段之一。区域联动执法是一定区域内的广义的联合执法行动,是不同地区间针对区域内共同事务所采取的一种联合执法方式。区域联合执法过程应当秉持公平、公正、秩序、为民等理念,确保法律权威性和正当性。我国区域经济发展中的联动执法是经济与政治的双重选择,也就是说这是一种以市场为主导,以政策为后盾,以区域内不同行政机关为联动主体的横主纵辅的区域合作。     

政治合法性视野下的警察执法规范问题研究

执法规范化建设是公安部部署推进的"三项建设"之一,也是全面提升公安工作水平的重要抓手。从政治合法性理论的演进分析,警察执法规范需要遵循"正当性"和"合理性"。当前警察执法的规范准则呈现多元化特征,警察执法规范的多元化标准在实践中存在诸多冲突,为此,要从警察执法的价值导向、裁量基准的制定、警察内部执法监控的强化等路径进一步规范警察的执法行为。     

Environmental Enforcement Undertakings and Possible Implications: Responsive,Smarter or Rent Seeking?

Enforcement undertakings have recently been added to the Environment Agency's list of mechanisms available for the enforcement of certain environmental offences. An enforcement undertaking is a written agreement between the regulator and the offender in which the offender proposes to undertake particular actions in relation to the relevant non‐compliant activity. This article examines the use of enforcement undertakings by the Environment Agency, arguing that the undertakings have significant regulatory implications and give rise to a series of possible problems. Notwithstanding this, the article concludes that enforcement undertakings possess a number of potentially positive features, making them a useful alternative to existing enforcement mechanisms.     

从云南省进京复访案件评查看公安执法工作存在的问题

笔者联系参与云南省集中评查进京复访案件的工作实际,通过对信访疑难案件中存在问题及成因进行客观全面的分析阐述,结合当前开展的"四群教育"活动,就新形势下加强公安机关执法规范化建设及提高化解社会矛盾纠纷能力的对策措施进行了研究探讨。     

近代中国女子继承权确立过程论析:革命与法律的二重奏

传统中国的女子继承权非常薄弱,直到清末民初也未得到实质性的改善。国民革命开始后,女子继承权作为男女平等的一项重要内容受到重视。妇女运动决议案承认女子有继承权,但最高法院在解释中只将继承权赋予未出嫁女子。后来中央政治会议对此进行纠正,特别制定了《已嫁女子追溯继承财产施行细则》,保护已嫁女子继承权。近代中国继承领域男女平权的实现是革命与法律相互作用的结果。     

影响我国警察执法安全的因素探析

近年来我国基层一线民警出现的执法安全问题比较突出。文章对在执法中出现的影响安全的各因素进行总结,并提出解决警察安全执法问题的方法和策略,以期为提高我国警察的安全执法能力提供更好的思路。     

柬埔寨禁毒执法及国际合作(编译)

柬埔寨皇家政府和禁毒委员会一直致力于实现"无毒东盟、无毒地区、无毒世界"的目标.在全国范围内加强禁毒执法,扩大毒品预防教育和治疗康复工作.这些工作得到相关国际组织和非政府组织的支持,并取得了一定成效.