How projects rise and fall: the lifecycle of a dietary modernisation scheme

How do projects grow? How do they fail? What accounts for their changing fortunes? This paper uses the archives of a 1970s modernisation scheme to explore the life cycle of a long-running project, concerning the production of leaf protein in Nigeria. It argues that archives can be very useful for understanding success and failure, and encourages practitioners to take an interest in the story of past projects, even those that failed. Drawing on Actor-Network Theory, it argues that alliances are key to understanding project lifecycles, suggesting that practitioners focus on strengthening local relationships, rather than seeking answers in universal management templates.     

加强投资软环境建设,实现城市发展新飞跃--关于大连市投资软环境建设的调查报告

加强和改善投资软环境建设,对大连实现跨越式发展有着非常重要的意义.大连市在投资软环境建设上取得了重大成就,但是也存在一些不容忽视的问题.需要在社会环境、建设战略、政府职能、政策法规、人口素质、人才吸引等方面,进一步深化改革.     

论国际环境法的基本原则

国际环境法基本原则是在国际环境保护领域被各国公认、具有普遍意义、适用于国际环境法一切效力范围、构成国际环境法基础的准则。国际环境法基本原则突出的特征应是各国公认和接受的法律原则,体现着国际环境法自身的特殊性。作为应然性的国际环境法基本原则有预防原则、可持续发展原则、共同但有区别原则、国家环境主权原则、国际合作原则。这些原则在实际法律生活中,可提供订立国际环境保护的具体规则时的交涉框架,成为司法机关解释具体规则时的指针,具有相当强的可操作性,对实现国际环境法目的具有强大的推动力。     

新时期如何营造企业员工激励环境

二十世纪五十年代末,荚国心理学家赫茨伯格提出双因素理论,把影响企业员工积极性的因素,分为激励因素和保健因素。企业发展既需要激励因素又需要保健因素。要充分发挥激励因素与保健因素的作用,企业需要创造一个激励环境。     

浅析影响新疆大学生思想政治教育的社会环境

人生活在社会，受着社会环境的影响，新疆高校大学生生活在校园，受着校园环境的熏陶；校园环境的优良将影响思想政治教育主、客体性格、心理乃至人格的健全与否。高校思想政治教育受制于社会环境，也受制于新疆区情社会环境的熏陶。通过了解新疆的基本区情、当前环境下新疆大学生思想政治教育的特殊性，研究新时期社会环境的变化对高校大学生思想政治教育的影响及其特点和规律，从而通过优化社会环境来探析大学生思想政治教育的具体对策。     

Differentiation of vaginal cells from epidermal cells using morphological and autofluorescence properties: Implications for sexual assault casework involving digital penetration

This work explores morphological and autofluorescence differences between vaginal and epidermal cells detectable through Imaging Flow Cytometry (IFC), a non-destructive, high-throughput technique. These differences were used to build a predictive framework for classifying unknown cells as originating from vaginal or epidermal tissue, which was tested on hand swabbings with and without digital penetration. Many more cells possessing a vaginal signature (median posterior probability ≥0.90) were detected in digital penetration samples than control hand swabbings. Minimum interpretation thresholds were developed to minimize/eliminate false positives; these thresholds were also effective when screening licked hands, indicating the potential utility of this method for a variety of biological mixture types and depositional events relevant to forensic casework.     

东南亚国家跨境烟霾治理评析

20世纪90年代以来,跨境烟霾污染成为东南亚地区的公共问题。为了解决跨境烟霾污染,东南亚国家采取了一系列合作行动,其中最重要的一项措施是签署了《东盟跨境烟霾污染协定》。尽管东南亚国家在跨境烟霾治理上付出了种种努力,但由于跨境烟霾问题的特殊性以及东盟既有规范的制约,东南亚国家在跨境烟霾治理方面尚未取得预想中的效果,跨境烟霾治理成为考验东南亚国家地区公共问题治理能力的一个缩影。     

Ruralisation: a tool for rural transformation

There is a concept that development practitioners have either not heard of or not read, or have chosen to ignore – ruralisation. Unlike urbanisation in urban studies, ruralisation is rarely used as a concept in rural research. It remains a poorly explored concept. By challenging existing notions about the use of the concept, this article attempts to (re)introduce ruralisation as a fundamental concept in rural studies. What is ruralisation? Why do we need it? How can we use it for rural transformations? The article addresses these critical questions. It defines ruralisation and presents its conceptual framework for rural transformation.     

The effect of logistic services on the watermelon value chain in Tanzania

This article reports on a study that aimed to understand the effects for poverty reduction of the link between logistic services and cost of the watermelon value chain in Rufiji and Mkuranga districts in Tanzania. Structured questionnaires and FGDs were used to collect data from 251 respondents. Findings revealed that transport cost, storage cost, purchase cost, and logistics service have strong significant effect on the watermelon value chain cost. Based on the findings, the study recommended the use of affordable methods of storage, opening agro-input shops in villages, and the development of a favourable environment for watermelon businesses, to help reduce chain cost.     

A case for integrated development: pathways to improve child well-being

Economic strengthening interventions may increase income, assets, and food security. Donors and implementers see the potential for improvements in child well-being. This article presents lessons learnt from the implementation of two economic strengthening interventions. It finds missed opportunities with regard to child nutrition, and recommends: (1) integrating economic strengthening interventions with complementary development activities; (2) deep formative assessment to inform programme design; and (3) the use of community-based feedback loops. Development practitioners, funders, policymakers, and researchers must take every opportunity to improve the lives of children as young as possible to build healthy families, communities, and nations.