现场摄影图片资料在案件侦破中的应用价值研究

案件现场摄影是案件现场勘查的一项工作内容,是固定现场客观状态的必经程序。案件现场摄影图片资料,是案件现场记录的重要组成部分,与现场笔录、现场绘图相互补充、相互印证。正确认识现场摄影图片资料的价值,有助于在案件侦查与调查、证据保全与搜集、法庭调查与审判等各个诉讼环节上,发挥案件现场摄影图片资料应有的重要作用。     

现场体验课教学案例的编写及在教学中的应用

现场体验课的莱例教学是由中国延安干部学院在教学实践中独创的一种全新的教学方法。它突破了案例教学只能在课堂讲授的传统模式,有利于提高干部培训的针对性和实效性。本文结合现场体验课的案例教学实践体会,探索了现场教学案例的编写与应用。     

现场勘查的安全防护

现场勘查工作存在大量潜在危险,然而该问题长期以来没有引起足够的重视。针对爆炸现场、火灾现场、尸体现场和普通现场以及使用刑事技术仪器设备存在的险情进行分析,探讨相应的防护措施,并提出加强现场勘查安全防护的若干建议。     

犯罪现场勘查存在的问题及其对策

通过现场勘查,就是要查清事件的性质,即研究和了解犯罪分子作案情况、作案动机和手段;研究和了解犯罪分子本人的特点和特征;发现和提取犯罪分子作案遗留的痕迹、物证;为侦查破案提供各方面的犯罪信息。侦查人员依靠这些犯罪信息,“再现犯罪”,确定侦查范围,制定侦查计划,采取侦查措施,进行侦查破案。     

浅议现场勘验人员的勘验能力

现场勘验是现场勘查的重要组成部分,所获取的材料及分析结果是案件侦查的客观依据,故现场勘验的好坏将直接影响案件的侦查工作。现场勘验人员是现场勘验的主体,其勘验能力直接决定着现场勘验的质量,因此,充分认识现场勘验人员的勘验能力对于提高勘验质量以及勘验人员的能力的自我培养有一定的作用。     

A Carbon Dioxide Fatality from Dry Ice

Abstract:  This report documents a rare case of carbon dioxide intoxication in a young healthy male. The deceased hid in a small plastic container, size 1.5 × 1 × 1 m, and within 5 min he was located suffering convulsions and was reported as dead within minutes. Scene investigation revealed dry ice in the container. Autopsy findings were unremarkable. The probable cause of the convulsions was carbon dioxide intoxication due to both the dry ice sublimation and the small confined space in which he was hiding. This report emphasizes the significance of scene investigation in establishing the cause of the death.     

Following the transfer of DNA: How far can it go?

The issue of DNA transfer is becoming increasingly important in crime scene situations, as DNA analytical techniques now detect tiny amounts. Whereas primary and secondary DNA transfers have been well studied, subsequent transfer steps have received much less focus. This study aimed to measure the detectability of a DNA source after multiple transfer events. Transfer of wet blood gave a full genetic profile well beyond the secondary transfer events on both cotton and glass substrates. Dry blood gave a full profile well beyond the secondary transfer events on glass only, but to a lesser extent than wet blood. Touch DNA only produced a full profile on the primary substrate on both cotton and glass, and detectable quantities beyond the secondary transfer event on glass only. Our results will contribute to a better understanding of the tertiary and subsequent transfer of DNA, which will allow for improved evaluation of the likelihood of alternative scenarios explaining why an individual's DNA was found at a crime scene.     

新《刑事诉讼法》视野下未成年人检察工作机制研究——以重庆市沙坪坝区检察院为例

本文以《刑事诉讼法》大修为契机,结合未成年人检察工作实际,在提炼修改后的《刑事诉讼法》视野下未成年人检察工作特点的基础上,深挖此次大修给我们正在或即将探索的合适成年人在场、社会调查、犯罪记录封存、附条件不起诉制度所带来的挑战,并试图寻找对策。     

Development and validation of molecular methodologies for identification of biological traces from crime scenes

This study aimed to develop a methodology to identify biological fluids in sexual assault cases through mRNA markers. Biological fluid samples such as blood, saliva, and semen were collected from volunteers and submitted to RT-qPCR reactions with specific primers for the biomarkers HTN3 (saliva), ALAS (blood) andTGM4 (semen). The Melting (Tm) of each biological fluid was analyzed and the result inferred a high specificity capable of differentiating such traces. Biplex systems were generated to improve trace analysis in a single qPCR reaction.     

The Role of Forensic Botany in Solving a Case: Scientific Evidence on the Falsification of a Crime Scene

Forensic botany can provide useful information for pathologists, particularly on crime scene investigation. We report the case of a man who arrived at the hospital and died shortly afterward. The body showed widespread electrical lesions. The statements of his brother and wife about the incident aroused a large amount of suspicion in the investigators. A crime scene investigation was carried out, along with a botanical morphological survey on small vegetations found on the corpse. An autopsy was also performed. Botanical analysis showed some samples of Xanthium spinosum, thus leading to the discovery of the falsification of the crime scene although the location of the true crime scene remained a mystery. The botanical analysis, along with circumstantial data and autopsy findings, led to the discovery of the real crime scene and became crucial as part of the legal evidence regarding the falsity of the statements made to investigators.