State,region and order: geopolitics of the Arab Spring

State failure, sovereignty disputes, non-state territorial structures, and revolutionary and counter-revolutionary currents, among others, are intertwined within the Arab Spring process, compelling old and emerging regional actors to operate in the absence of a regional order. The emergent geopolitical picture introduces the poisonous mix of loss of state authority spiralling toward instability, defined by sectarianism, extremism, global rivalries, and ultimately irredentism within interdependent subregional formations. This assertion is substantiated by detailed and specific evidence from the shifting and multi-layered alliance formation practices of intra- and inter-state relations, and non-state and state actors. Analysis of the relations and alliances through a dichotomous flow from domestic to regional and regional to global also sheds light on prospective future order. A possible future order may take shape around a new imagination of the MENA, with porous delimitations in the form of emerging subregions.     

委托代理分析:对警务人员有效管理的新理念

警察机构作为政府的组成部分具有典型的科层制结构。由此产生了大量的委托代理关系并带来了管理上的低效率。其主要原因是不对称信息的存在 ,机会成本的增加 ,规则制度的失灵。解放这一问题的管理新理念是 :一要正视下属人员的正当利益要求 ,在设计组织目标时力图协调好组织整体目标与个人目标的关系 ,使下属人员在追求自身利益最大化的同时客观上也能促进组织目标的实现 ;二要创建“合作型”的组织文化 ,在和谐合作的组织文化氛围中促进组织目标的实现。     

河车大造胶囊联合克龄蒙治疗卵巢早衰临床观察

目的观察河车大造胶囊联合克龄蒙治疗卵巢早衰的临床疗效。方法将41例卵巢早衰患者随机分为治疗组(n=21)和对照组(n=20),对照组患者口服克龄蒙,治疗组患者加服河车大造胶囊。每个疗程21d,共3个疗程。治疗前后分别观察两组临床疗效,检测血清卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)和雌二醇(estradiol,E2)水平。结果治疗组总有效率显著高于对照组(85.70%vs 55.00%,P0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后血清FSH水平均显著降低(P0.05),E2水平均显著升高(P0.05),LH水平无明显变化(P0.05);两组治疗前后血清FSH降低值和E2升高值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论河车大造胶囊联合克龄蒙治疗卵巢早衰,可提高临床疗效,调节血清性激素水平,但尚需大样本量数据的验证。     

Reassembling Gender: On the Immanent Politics of Gendering Apparatuses of Bodily Production in Science

Abstract

Arguing that new feminist materialist work has insufficiently attended to how gender is differently materialized and embodied in practices with non-human others, this article examines ethnographically what genderings come to matter in the knowledge-making practices of mass spectrometry and peer review in a Czech research laboratory. The article returns to Donna Haraway's analytics of the ‘apparatus of bodily production’ and its extension by Karen Barad as a productive device for tracing the situational making and unmaking of gender in specific human–technology assemblages and the sedimenting histories of such intra-actions. Through a triple movement of disassembling, contextualizing and reassembling particular embodiments, the author brings unstable, implicit and absent genderings, and their affective textures, affordances and valuations to the fore, including the corporeal orientations associated with enterprising adrenalin-driven masculinity and denigrated forms of embodiment such as shame and defeat. The article shows how these (de)genderings render present tensions and exclusions in prevailing apparatuses of knowledge production and pose questions of responsibility.     

肾康注射液对肾小球系膜细胞自分泌ET-1、NO水平的影响

目的：探讨肾康注射液（ＳＫＩ）阻抑肾小球硬化（ＧＳ）,防治慢性肾功能衰竭（ＣＲＦ）的部分作用机理,为ＳＫＩ临床应用提供依据。方法：采用放射免疫检测技术,观察ＳＫＩ对体外培养人肾小球系膜细胞（ＧＭＣ０自分泌内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）,一氧化氮（ＮＯ）水平的影响。结果：ＳＫＩ及其含药血清明显抑制自分泌ＥＴ－１,促进其自分泌ＮＯ,有量效依赖性;与肝素合用,协同抑制ＧＭＣ自分泌ＥＴ－１水平。     

《民法典》法定解除权的配置机理与统一基础

《民法典》中的法定解除权基于不同法定事由产生,但在法教义学上有统一的基础。一是它们均导致基于不同角度判断的“合同目的不能实现”;二是法定解除权使当事人摆脱合同义务,重获行动自由,且通常产生新的债权债务关系。《民法典》合同编通则中的法定解除权规范蕴含了效率、公平、诚实信用等不同理念,分则中的解除权规范多为通则规范的具体化,但也包含对当事人之间的人合性、法益权衡等的考量。法定解除权的终极正当性依据需要从当事人的合意中寻求,法定解除权与契约自由并非扞格不入,但前提是立法者对当事人美德的想象。与《合同法》相比,《民法典》强化了合同解除在终结合同僵局、建构当事人新法律关系方面的功能。但解释论还需澄清法定解除权的一般要件、不安抗辩权与预期违约中解除权的衔接、固定期限继续性合同履行中的僵局等问题。     

Pharmacokinetics of ethanol in patients with renal failure before and after hemodialysis

We studied the pharmacokinetics of ethanol in seven patients suffering from terminal renal failure before and after they underwent hemodialysis. Ethanol (0.40 g/kg) was administered in the morning after an overnight fast by a constant rate intravenous (IV) infusion over 45 min. After removing a mean fluid volume of 2.46±0.48 liters (±SD), span 1.76–3.43 liters by hemodialysis, the same subjects received a second IV infusion of ethanol after they had eaten lunch. At exactly timed intervals of 0, 45, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, and 180 min from the start of the infusion, two blood-samples were drawn and the plasma portion of one of them was obtained by centrifugation. The concentration of ethanol in blood and plasma was determined by headspace gas chromatography and the water-content of whole blood was determined from the change in weight after desiccation. Plasma always contained a higher concentration of ethanol than whole blood and the mean plasma/whole blood ratio in patients with renal failure was 1.07:1 (span 1.05–1.10). The rate of ethanol disappearance from blood (β-slope) was faster (0.185±0.013 versus 0.157±0.022 g/l/h), the C₀ value was higher (0.79±0.08 versus 0.73±0.10 g/l) and the apparent volume of distribution (V_d) of ethanol was lower (0.507±0.049 versus 0.558±0.078 l/kg) after hemodialysis. The water content of whole blood was significantly higher (P<0.001) before dialysis (88.6±1.97 g/100 ml) compared with after dialysis (87.4±2.01 g/100 ml). The higher V_d for ethanol and lower C₀ as well as higher blood-water content are to be expected for a over hydrated condition before hemodialysis. The swifter rate of ethanol elimination from blood (β-slope) after hemodialysis should be interpreted with caution because eating a meal before the second infusion of ethanol is a confounding factor. Nevertheless, the rate of elimination of ethanol from blood in patients with renal failure agreed reasonably well with values expected for healthy subjects, namely mean 0.15 g/l/h spanning from 0.10 to 0.20 g/l/h.     

The Secrets of Successful (and Unsuccessful) Mediators Continued: Studies Two and Three

In a survey of 216 advocates in mediation, the successful mediator's ability to gain the confidence of the parties was cited as important to his or her success more frequently than were any of the skills used by the mediator to bring about agreement. This article discusses the means by which mediators gain the confidence of disputing parties. The article also discusses the different skill and attribute profiles of different successful mediators and the advocates' views of the reasons for mediator failure. The article considers the implications of its findings for mediators, trainers, and advocates, and concludes with suggestions for future research.     

1946年的政协宪政方案失败原因探析

1946年,参与政协会议的各方,包括国民党、共产党、民主同盟等,设计了一套旨在建立两院国会制、责任内阁制和地方自治制的宪政方案。方案得到了各方的认同,但最后却失败了。各方对于政协决议一些具体问题的争执以及对于这些争执的误读,在实施政协决议时的次序错误,当国共双方出现重大分歧时中间性力量的分裂等因素综合起来导致了宪政方案的失败。国共在东北问题上的分歧与战争也是重要原因,但不在本文的分析之列。     

试论税法对环境污染行为的调控

在环境保护领域 ,市场失灵使政府干预成为必要 ;而政府干预也会失灵又需要干预政府。税法作为经济法宏观调控的重要组成部分 ,集经济手段和法律手段于一身 ;税法其实又是一个综合的领域 ,具有不同法律部门的功能。故税法既能干预市场 ,又能干预政府 ;既能解决市场失灵 ,又能解决政府失败