Toxicology and Circumstances of Completed Suicide by Means Other than Overdose*

Abstract: To determine the prevalence and circumstances of psychoactive substances amongst nonoverdose completed suicide, 1436 consecutive cases autopsied at the NSW Department of Forensic Medicine over the period 1/1/1997–12/31/2006 were analyzed. Substances were detected in 67.2% of cases, and illicit drugs in 20.1%. Alcohol was present in 40.6% of cases. Males were more likely to be positive for alcohol, cannabis, and psychostimulants, and females for pharmaceuticals. Illicits were associated with younger age. Alcohol was most prominent amongst toxicity cases, as were opioids, psychostimulants amongst gunshot cases, and pharmaceuticals amongst drownings. Cases in which drug and alcohol histories were noted were more likely to have a substance detected. Alcohol was more common where a suicide note was left and where relationship problems were involved. Pharmaceuticals were more common where a previous attempt was noted. Licit and illicit substances are strongly associated with suicide, even when the method does not involve drug overdose.     

论询问口语的表达运用

询问口语是获取证据和线索的重要交际工具。在侦查工作中,要想得到证人、被害人的理解与配合,需要在注意礼貌原则的基础上,把握询问口语调查取证用语的依法性,展开调查用语的灵活性等特点,紧扣特定的语境,借助体态语、副语言的配合,有针对性地选择得体的语言表达方式,达到沟通交流,顺利调查取证的目的。     

“事后占有故意”探析

在侵犯财产的案件中，出现了许多“事后占有故意”的情形。“事后占有故意”现象在刑法学界引起了较多争议。本文对“事后占有故意”问题进行了理论分析，并提出了一些立法建议。     

Fourth Amendment update: the Supreme Court and strip searches: Safford Unified School District No. 1 v Redding

In light of the dramatic increase in the presence of weapons, violence, drugs, and other contraband in schools, school officials in the United States and England face significant challenges as they seek to maintain safe and orderly learning environments. Almost twenty five years after the United States Supreme Court's 1985 ruling in New Jersey v. T.L.O. allowed educational officials to search student lockers and property in order to keep schools safe, the Justices addressed the more delicate matter of strip searches for contraband such as drugs. In Safford Unified School District No. 1 v. Redding (Redding), the Court invalidated the strip search of a student for drugs but left the door open for the possibility of allowing searches for weapons under some circumstances. In light of remaining unanswered questions after Redding, this article reviews the background on the Fourth Amendment, earlier cases on student searches in American public schools, Redding in detail, and reflects on unanswered questions in its wake in the hope of shedding light on the propriety of strip searches of students.     

拍照、摄影与照相证据

拍照、摄影是侦查机关为证实犯罪、保全证据之目的，对犯罪现场、犯罪嫌疑人及被害人等场所或人身进行照相取证，是一种具有强制性的侦查措施。由于拍照、摄影会对拍摄对象的个人尊严及隐私权等造成侵犯，需要遵守法定的条件及程序。我国刑诉法对拍照、摄影未作出明确的规定，实践中普遍存在侵害犯罪嫌疑人、被害人隐私权的情况。有必要修改刑事诉讼法，增订拍照、摄影的法律规定。     

机动车驾驶人酒后驾车管理对策研究

酒后驾车对社会财产和人身安全造成了巨大威胁,是交通事故中机动车驾驶人过错造成人员死亡突出因素之一。通过依法管理,技术控制,经济制约,教罚结合,多方参与,堵疏互补等多种管理对策,兼顾以人为本和可操作性,可以减少酒后驾车,保障道路交通安全。     

恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪司法认定中部分问题研究

作为一种便捷的金融结算工具,信用卡已逐渐被社会大众认可并广泛使用。但由于信用卡的使用是以持卡人个人的身份信用为基础,信用卡业务具有与生俱来的风险性。近年来,信用卡诈骗犯罪案件增势相当明显,随着恶意透支型信用卡诈骗犯罪案件日益增多,司法实践中遇到的法律问题也越来越突出。如何正确理解和适用信用卡诈骗犯罪的相关法律规定亦值得关注。     

对职务犯罪批捕权上提一级后的现实思考

2009年最高人民检察院试行的职务犯罪批捕权上提一级取得显著成效,但在实践中也存在下级检察机关怠于行使侦查监督职责,侦、捕、诉衔接不畅影响案件质量,承担错案责任主体不明确,上级检察机关的不捕决定缺乏有效监督等问题。因此,上下级检察机关要健全机制履行侦查监督职责,建立上下畅通、左右联动的侦、捕、诉衔接机制保证案件质量,要完善考核标准,厘清错案责任,要对上级检察机关的不捕决定实行备案审查制度。     

震后恢复与重建中法律关系变更问题研究

汶川地震发生后，在灾区恢复重建活动中遇到的一个很重要问题就是因为法律关系变更导致了大量的法律纠纷和社会矛盾，因此，如何在制度上建立一套规范有序的程序来解决地震灾害所破坏的各种财产关系、人际关系成为法学界和灾区所关注的重要问题。震后恢复重建活动要高度关注权力与权力关系变更、权力与权利关系变更以及权利与权利关系变更三类法律关系变更问题。由于我国目前法律法规关于法律关系变更制度的规定不系统、不规范，致使最高人民法院只有通过司法解释的方式才能解决本来应当由立法机关加以解决的震后灾区各种法律关系变更所引发的法律问题。因此，要通过制定《紧急状态法》、《灾害对策基本法》和《灾害保险法》等等法律法规的立法途径，来进一步规范和完善法律关系变更制度，为震后恢复重建工作提供更加充分和有力的法律保障。     

抗战以后刘少奇的军事实践及军事贡献

刘少奇同志在工人运动、白区工作、党的建设和社会主义建设事业上的卓越建树和丰功伟绩有口皆碑,但对于他的军事思想、军事实践活动及其军事贡献却知之者不多。他在开创华北敌后抗日根据地,开辟华中敌后抗战新局面,倡导和推广地道战、地雷战以及抗战胜利后提出的一系列军事战略方针都充分反映了他作为一个军事家的眼光、才能和魄力。