浅析镇雄县毒品犯罪的特点及对策

镇雄县是云南省贫困县之一。在改革浪潮的冲击下 ,一部分人忘掉了合法、勤劳致富的根本 ,走上了犯罪的道路。其中 ,尤以毒品犯罪最为突出 ,镇雄县毒品犯罪的特点 :1、特殊的地理状况及经济的落后 ;2、大部分毒品犯罪嫌疑人以长期从事商业活动的人居多 ;3、犯罪人员犯罪意识很深 ;4、家庭集体犯罪现象比较严重 ;5、毒品贩卖对象以中学生及无业青年为主 ;6、零星贩卖为主 ,大踪交易较少。 7、毒品购进方向、品种、手段特殊。对策 :1、抓住重点 ,积极突破 ;2、加强对从事商业活动人员的监控 ;3、控制家庭集体进行毒品犯罪的现象 ;4、加强宣传教育工作 ;5、重视对零星贩毒的打击 ;6、注重互相协作。     

侦查人员必须了解的毒品的基本特征与分类

毒品具备依赖性、违法性与危害性的特征,按法律规定分麻醉药品与精神药品两大类。常见的毒品有鸦片、海洛因、吗啡、大麻、可卡因等。     

禁毒“三大战场”的成功实践与战略思考

自二十世纪八十年代以来 ,云南禁毒工作走过了艰难的历程 ,取得了辉煌的成就 ,总结出许多宝贵的经验。我国的禁毒工作要实现跨越式发展 ,就必须紧紧抓住毒品生产、流通和消费三个环节 ,扩大境内堵源截流、推进省内禁吸戒毒、开辟境外禁毒除源“三大战场”的战略思考。     

对贩卖毒品罪基本理论问题的若干思考——兼与高艳东同志商榷

我国刑法理论和实务界对于如何理解“贩卖毒品”有着不同的看法。第一种观点认为,贩卖毒品是指为销售而非法收购毒品或明知是毒品而非法销售的行为;第二种观点认为,贩卖毒品是指有偿转让毒品或者以贩卖为目的而非法收购毒品;第三种观点认为,贩卖毒品,其实质是有偿转让,包括专卖与交换,不管是先买后卖,还是先卖后买,也不论是批发还是零售。以上观点为我们探讨贩卖毒品行为提供了一个理论基础,但从总体上来看都有值得商榷的地方。     

析英国社区戒毒模式 探我国禁吸戒毒新路

迄今为止,人类还没有找到一个能使毒品成隐者根除毒隐的最好方法,但镁砂酮替代法是目前许多国家所应用的戒毒方法。英国“处方体系”的社区戒毒模式已推广了几十年,从最初的福利模式向控制模式转变并有所发展值得借鉴,但也不是尽善尽美。探索我国禁毒新路:1、加大政府行为,充分发动社区各方力量参与戒毒服务队伍;2、改革强制戒毒和劳教戒毒;3、完善涉及毒品的法律法规4、构建多元化社区戒毒组织的综合体。     

云南省与周边国家开展禁毒国际合作面临的挑战和应对措施

20 0 1年以来 ,云南省抓住机遇 ,在国家禁毒委和公安部的帮助和指导下 ,积极与缅甸、老挝、泰国开展边境执法合作和其他方面的禁毒国际合作 ,取得了突出成绩。同时 ,在与周边国家开展禁毒国际合作中云南省也面临严峻的挑战。     

Cannabis and driving: Results from a general population survey

The role of illicit drugs on driving, and particularly of cannabis and driving, is the object of increasing awareness. While there is increasing evidence of their effect on psychomotor performance and increased risk of involvement in traffic accidents, limited information is available concerning factors that can predict the likelihood of driving under the influence of cannabis. The present study aims to determine the past year prevalence of driving under the influence of cannabis, and of being a passenger in a vehicle driven by a person under the influence of cannabis, as well as to examine the correlations with a broad range of potential risk factors. A total of 2500 people, aged between 14 and 70 and living in Castille and Leon (Spain), were surveyed in 2004 with regard to their consumption of alcohol and illicit drugs. Among those who reported cannabis use in the previous year, further assessment was carried out. 15.7% of those surveyed reported cannabis consumption in the previous 12 months, of whom 9.7% reported driving a vehicle under the influence of cannabis during this period, on average eight times. One out of five (19.9%) reported being a passenger in a vehicle driven by a person under the influence of cannabis, on average five times in the previous 12 months. The predictors of driving under the influence of cannabis were the population size of community, the number of drugs consumed, reference to cannabis-related problems and to being a passenger in a vehicle driven by a person under the influence of alcohol. The data show that cannabis consumption and driving is common, and requires more attention from policy makers.     

毒品案件主观认定中的自由心证

在并未明确和确立自由心证制度的我国,自由心证已在刑事证据审查的广大领域占有了重要的一席之地,并发挥着潜移默化的证明作用。基于毒品犯罪证据收集中的实际困难,司法人员在犯罪嫌疑人拒不认罪,并否认自己主观明知的案件中,较多地从客观证据出发,运用经验规则与逻辑规则形成自己的主观判断(心证)。然而,自由心证是否公正和理性,则取决于司法人员的学识、经验和道德操守。     

A sudden death with lung embolism after inadvertent infusion of zinc oxide shake lotion

A 74-year old woman in postoperative treatment after a colonic surgery died immediately after perfusion of about 1.5 mL of a white emulsion which was believed to contain 1% propofol via cardiac catheter into the right atrium. It was strongly suspected that a syringe with a zinc oxide shake lotion (consisting of 20% ZnO, 20% talc, 25% glycerol and 35% water) which was intended for external treatment had been mistaken for the propofol syringe. During autopsy, an anatomic cause of death could not be found. In order to exclude an intoxication and to determine the significance of the perfusion fluid in this context, toxicological and histological investigations were performed. Propofol and other drugs applied to the patient were found in therapeutic or sub-therapeutic range. However, in comparison to a control case, the zinc concentrations determined by AAS were about 200 times higher in lung tissue, 10 times higher in heart blood and 3–4 times higher in kidney and liver tissue. No increase was seen in venous blood. Histology showed a strong embolism of the lung tissue with birefingent sharp-edged crystals, which were identified as the talcum, and an amorphous component (ZnO). The same embolism was seen to a medium extent also in the brain sections and to a low extent in heart, liver, pancreas and kidney. Pulmonary embolism by talcum and zinc oxide was established as the cause of death which occurred by syringe swap due to insufficient security precautions in the drug administration. The results are discussed in context of pulmonary microembolism cases frequently described for drug addicts after injection of crashed talcum containing tablets.