检察院提起公益诉讼面临的困境和推进方向

检察机关提起公益诉讼在我国正在如火如荼地开展,并取得了初步的成效,特别是在生态环境与资源保护以及食品药品安全领域。但由于案件来源受到制约、可诉案件的种类范畴过窄、检察院的调查取证权和调查核实权缺乏明确的法律授权、诉讼中举证责任的分担规则不甚明确、公益诉讼被告不配合或阻挠以及诉讼费用如何分担等问题的存在,司法实践操作中还存在诸多困惑和困难。因此,如何推进检察院的公益诉讼是当前和今后一段时间内检察院面临的一个重要任务,需要理论界和司法实务部门共同探讨对策,尽快完善立法并颁布相应的司法解释,为检察机关公益诉讼的顺利开展提供立法和司法保障。     

EFFECTIVENESS OF DRUG TREATMENT COURTS: EVIDENCE FROM A RANDOMIZED TRIAL*

Research Summary: Study randomly assigned 235 offenders to drug treatment court (DTC) or “treatment as usual.” Analyses of official records collected over a two‐year follow‐up period show that DTC is reducing crime in a population of drug‐addicted offenders. DTC subjects who participated in treatment were significantly less likely to recidivate than were both untreated drug court subjects and control subjects. Policy Implications: Continued enthusiasm for DTCs is warranted. Both sanctions and treatment are important elements of the DTC model. However, DTCs will not necessarily result in cost reductions because DTC and control cases are incarcerated for approximately equal numbers of days. Implementation fidelity is important, and DTCs can be strengthened if they engage a higher percentage of their clients in drug treatment.     

“金三角”地区毒品形势系列调查报告（六）——“金三角”毒源变化及其毒品走私态势预测

从近三年云南省打击"金三角"地区毒品走私我国的具体数据来看,"金三角"地区毒品对我渗透的态势仍不容乐观,根除毒源与堵源截流、打击毒品走私的力度必须进一步加强。     

关于缉毒犬训练“五步教学法”的研究

缉毒犬作为一项查缉毒品的有效技术手段 ,在当前日趋严峻的禁毒斗争形式下 ,越来越发挥出不可替代的重要作用。为了使警犬缉毒教学训练更趋合理化、规范化、科学化 ,文章提出了缉毒犬训练的“五步教学法”。其特点 :1 突破传统、大胆创新、贴近实战 ;2 以人为本、重在训犬 ;3 讲究设计、注重效果 ;4 打牢基础、突出转化 ;5 严格实施、体现量化。     

美国药品责任诉讼中药品缺陷的证明

在美国产品严格责任制度中,药品具有缺陷是药品侵权责任成立的前提条件。在涉及药品责任的诉讼中,对药品缺陷的证明是决定诉讼胜败的关键。“美国第三次侵权法重述”把药品缺陷分为设计缺陷、制造缺陷、使用说明或警示缺陷。其各自不同的判断标准,既能帮助原告理解抽象的缺陷概念,也为原告通过具体的证据去证明缺陷指明了方向。探讨美国药品缺陷判断与证明的法律理论以及判例经验,以期能对我国相关法律的建设与司法实践提供一些有益的参考。     

制度细化与理念更新:《戒毒条例》解读

2011年6月26日公布施行的《戒毒条例》对促进戒毒工作具有重要的积极意义,它包括建立戒毒保障机制、建立戒毒工作体系、细化戒毒法律责任和明确戒毒法规效力四个方面,其主要内容在于规定了自愿戒毒、社区戒毒、强制隔离戒毒和社区康复四种戒毒措施的执行问题,为每一项戒毒措施都规定了相应的具体制度,从而解决了《禁毒法》的具体理解和实际执行问题。这些规定在价值理念上体现了对戒毒人员的权利保障、注重戒毒政策的科学要求和加强戒毒工作的社会联动。     

公共管理框架下关爱矫治模式的探究——以德宏州三县(市)老弱病残吸贩毒人员康复关爱中心为例

零星贩毒活动是吸毒者获取毒品的主要途径,也是禁吸戒毒难以巩固,复吸率高的重要原因之一.<禁毒法>的实施,针对特殊群体探索公共管理框架下的关爱矫治复模式刻不容缓.德宏州盈江、陇川、瑞丽等县(市)在该问题上进行了探索,为治理老弱病残等特殊群体人员的吸贩毒问题提供了借鉴.     

Sharp Force Injury Fatalities: A Retrospective Study (1982–2012) in Brescia (Italy)

A retrospective study was carried out on postmortem examination data of 131 sharp force‐related casualties recorded by the Brescia Institute of Forensic Medicine between 1982 and 2012. The objective was to identify relevant parameters that may be used to distinguish the manner of deaths between homicide, suicide, and accident. The following variables were considered: manner of death; demographic data; scene; type of sharp object; location and numbers of wounds; the presence of hesitation marks/defense wounds; toxicological findings; psychiatric history. There were 92 homicides, 28 suicides, and 11 accidents. Most victims were male, with an average age of 43. Injuries in isolation were present in 9.8% of homicides, in 35.7% of suicides, and in 54.5% of accidents. Most injuries involved the left anterior chest in homicides and the forearms in suicides. This study underlines the importance of a meticulous postmortem examination of injuries on the body and their relationship with other results from the death scene investigation.