A research note: the outcome of GC/MS/MS confirmation of hair assays on 93 cannabinoid (+) cases

This article reports the outcome of gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry confirmations for THC and carboxy-THC on 93 hair samples screened by RIA for cannabinoids. The samples were taken from probationers in Pinellas County, FL, who voluntarily provided the research staff with six hair and six urine specimens, collected at 1-month intervals. There were 40 samples that were RIA (+), urinalysis (−). Samples were selected which had cannabinoid (+) outcomes for hair, urine, or both. The THC and/or the carboxy-THC was (+) on confirmation. Of these 40 samples, 22 were (+) for both THC and carboxy-THC, 15 were (+) for THC but not carboxy-THC, and three were carboxy THC (+), but THC (−). Only one sample had a (+) RIA, but was (−) for both THC and carboxy-THC on confirmation. RIA detection of cannabinoids was confirmed in nearly all cases. Most cases that were RIA (−) but urine (+) were cannabinoid (+) when analyzed by GC/MS/MS.     

毒品犯罪法律适用问题研究

新《刑法》及《全国人大常委会关于禁毒的决定》等有关刑事法律制定后 ,对我国严厉打击毒品犯罪起到了很大作用 ,但随着毒品犯罪手段、形式多样化的发展 ,现行立法中仍存在一些问题 :1、规定及惩罚不够明确 ;2、对吸毒行为没有给予刑罚处罚 ;3、未对非法提供制毒设备的行为给予处罚……。建议 :从毒品犯罪罪名、犯罪情节、财产刑、对付洗钱行为和易制毒物品种类方面 ,加强禁毒刑事立法工作。     

传授知识增进友谊 促进国际禁毒合作开展——对我院外警培训工作的思考

从2002年至今,学院成功培训了来自缅甸、老挝禁毒官员六期.通过学习,使受训学员了解目前毒品犯罪的形势,宣传中国禁毒方针,掌握如何采样和毒品检验的方法,认识毒品犯罪案件侦查的做法和有效措施,掌握查缉毒品的方法和手段以及禁毒、戒毒方法等,使学员能有针对性地提出毒品问题控制和预防的对策,为切实做到识毒、防毒和禁毒提供理论指导,提高禁毒执法水平与质量.     

试论警犬缉毒

纵观国内外警犬缉毒工作的历史 ,即使在科学技术发达的今天 ,警犬缉毒也不曾偏废 ,而是越来越被重视和广泛使用。因为 ,警犬缉毒具有其他缉查方法不可替代的优势     

贩毒案件侦查中若干问题的法律分析

贩卖毒品犯罪是毒品犯罪中发案率最高 ,社会危害性最大的犯罪。其它各类毒品犯罪行为归根结底几乎都可溯源至这一类犯罪行为。在具体的贩毒案件的侦查过程中 ,会碰到难以定性的问题 :非经济利益的毒品交易问题 ,居间行为的定性问题 ,贩卖毒品的既未遂问题。     

试论禁毒防艾文化建设

禁毒防艾文化建设,从广义上讲是加强有关禁毒防艾思想观念的舆论宣传、禁毒防艾基础设施及相关制度建设;从狭义上讲是指加强有别于传统的经济、法律、行政、医药等禁毒防艾手段的文化禁毒防艾方法和措施创新。要从理论研究和舆论宣传,从增加经费投入,从组织领导工作,从民间文化推广,从国际合作交流诸方面,加强禁毒防艾建设。     

当前云南境外毒情形势分析

运用趋势变化图分析的方法,对云南省当前面临的境外毒情形势进行了分析,得出"金三角"地区近年来毒品形势总体好转,但不容松懈;"金新月"地区、南美地区以及欧洲地区毒品有向云南省渗透的威胁。     

云南省境外毒品替代发展现状评估

替代发展就是在持续的国民经济增长和可持续发展战略的背景下,通过制定符合农村地区实际的发展措施,防止和清除含有致幻剂和精神麻醉作用的违禁农作物的种植的一个过程。云南省围绕禁毒除源,坚持"以帮除源,以帮促变"的工作策略,遵循联合国禁毒组织的毒品替代发展项目行动,参照世界有关毒品生产国开展毒品替代种植成功的先进经验,在境外缅甸、老挝北部开展罂粟替代种植、发展替代产业作为"禁毒除源"的战略举措日益凸显。     

Does Parolee Drug Testing Influence Employment and Education Outcomes? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment with Noncompliance

Despite the ubiquity of drug testing in criminal justice settings, there is little experimental evidence suggesting that testing reduces drug use or engenders pro-social behavior. This paper estimates the effect of parolee drug testing on labor and education outcomes with data from a randomized experiment involving 1,958 young parolees. It provides the first estimates in the literature suggesting that drug testing with graduated sanctions can improve short-run employment and education outcomes for parolees. After controlling for parole office fixed effects, juvenile criminal history, and a host of other covariates, the analyses suggest that parolees randomly assigned to testing are 6–8 percentage points (∼11%) less likely to be unemployed and not in school for the month following release to parole when compared to those assigned to the no-testing condition. Racially- and ethnically-stratified analyses find that Hispanics assigned to testing are 10–13 percentage points (∼22%) less likely to be unemployed and not in school, while the estimated coefficient for Blacks is statistically insignificant and hovers around zero. Analyses that use instrumental variable techniques to account for noncompliance by parole officers yield local average treatment effects that are almost twice as large as the intention-to-treat effects.

Drugs Prices and Systemic Violence: An Empirical Study

This study proposes an empirical analysis of the relation between the prices of illegal drugs and the use of violence to administrate the markets of illegal drugs. The study hypothesizes that the prices of illegal drugs affect the level of violent crime, since changes in profitability of the drugs’ markets affect the offenders’ expected utility of using violence to operate in these markets. An increase (or decrease) in prices would raise (or reduce) the offenders’ expected utility of making use of violence, for instance, to solve disputes over drugs, to conquer more market shares, to defend ones own market share, in short to make use of systemic violence (Goldstein, P.J. Journal of Drug Issues, 39:143–179, 1985). The study will analyze the relation between the dynamics of cocaine and heroin’s prices and systemic violence in the United States of America and in Europe over two decades. The correlational and inferential analyses do support the hypothesis for certain offenders’ profiles and certain murders’ circumstances.