Historical Factors,Institutional Changes and Modern Commercial Spirit

The paper makes an empirical research on the impact of historical factors on modern commercial spirit based on the panel data of provincial level in China. Empirical research shows that, in areas with richer initial endowment of commercial activities, it is more conducive to cultivate and propagate the modern commercial spirit, and the unobserved fixed effects can be explained about 32.8%—40% by the initial endowment of commercial activities. Various robustness tests show that, compared with regions with slower market-oriented institutional change process, the initial endowment of commercial activities can promote modern commercial spirit stronger in regions with faster market-oriented institutional change process. In order to weaken the endogenous problem that may affect the estimation results, this paper uses instrumental variables of the initial endowment of commercial activities, but estimation results once again confirms the above conclusion.     

An Exploratory Study into the Understandings and Awareness of Leadership Ethos and Its Inherent Critical Success Factors by Public Sector Officials in the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the Ministry of the National Economy (ECONAT)

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to examine the understandings of public sector leaders about Leadership Ethos (LE) and its inherent Critical Success Factors(CSFs) looking at their application in the public policy implementation process. The study applied an adapted theoretical paradigm on leadership that borrows from the Western and African contexts. In the light of the aim and objective of the study, both the interview schedule and survey questionnaires were used to gather information with regard to LE and its inherent CSFs. In this view, a semi-structured interview schedule was used to guide both interviews with senior public officials - one in the DTI and one in the ECONAT. A survey questionnaire was administered to public officials at middle and lower management levels working and reporting directly to the interviewed senior public officials. The purpose of the questionnaire was to reduce personal biases inherent in the responses of the senior officials, which appear to be a challenge emerging from self-perception assessments. Research findings suggest that leaders at the DTI and the ECONAT do not sufficiently demonstrate an awareness of LE and its inherent CSFs in the practice of leadership. LE enables leaders garner followers’ trust and obtain their consent; encourage followers’ commitment to organisational goals; and introduce and encourage participatory decision making processes as key factors to successful public policy implementation.     

影响和制约翻译的文化因素

英汉两种语言文化在翻译交流过程中,经常遇到的各种各样源于文化的干扰和制约因素。本文从译者的思维方式,价值观念和审美取向三方面论述了文化因素对翻译的影响和制约,意在揭示翻译活动的一些内在活动规律并阐明在跨文化交际活动中了解东西方文化差异对大学英语翻译教学的重要性。     

反侦查行为方式分析——以案件事实构成为视角

以往对反侦查行为方式的分析描述,就案论案的较多,缺乏主线的贯穿统领和系统的归纳和梳理。如果尝试以案件事实的构成为视角,将构成案件事实的七何要素作为研究反侦查行为方式的主线,不但可以统领全局,提纲挈领,而且能够对反侦查行为方式的分析达到深入细致,对于反侦查行为的破解和因案施策具有重要的推动作用。     

制约我国可持续发展的因素及实现路径研究

本文从"可持续发展"理论的产生入手,分析了了在我国经济发展进程中存在的制约可持续发展的诸多问题,提出了积极转变经济发展方式,建立资源节约型的发展机制,通过加速技术进步促进产业结构的调整和升级,统筹人口、资源和环境和谐发展,完善支撑可持续发展的法律体系等实现我国可持续发展的路径的建议。     

浅析女性犯罪心理形成的社会历史因素

社会历史对女性犯罪心理有着重要的影响，历史上形成的男尊女思想、三从四德的观念以及封建贞节观是女性犯罪心理形成的社会历史根源。家庭教育和学校教育和社会传媒等多方面的共同努力，是消除社会历史上不良因素影响的有效途径。     

论犯罪的经济因素

经济因素是影响犯罪的重要的因素之一,它与犯罪存在必然的联系,经济的增长对犯罪率有直接影响.我国处于经济制度改革的时期,一些制度的不完善必然对犯罪造成影响,尤其对财产犯罪的影响更为显著.     

我国公共部门绩效审计的屏障分析

公共部门绩效审计是衡量一国政府审计是否走向现代化的标志之一,它有助于公共部门合理配置和使用资源、强化公共部门的经济责任,建立廉洁高效的政府机制。在西方,作为政府审计重点的绩效审计已成为重塑政府,改进公共部门管理绩效的有力工具。在我国,公共部门绩效审计则刚刚起步,本文系统剖析了我国公共部门开展绩效审计的制约屏障。     

Same- and Cross-Gender Sexual Harassment Victimization in Middle School: A Developmental-Contextual Perspective

Using a developmental-contextual framework, the present study investigated risk factors for same- and cross-gender sexual harassment victimization in 986 middle school students. Participants completed questionnaires in the fall and spring of the same school year so risk factors could be explored longitudinally. Results revealed that gender differences existed for same- and cross-gender forms of harassment. While girls reported more instances of receiving same- and cross-gender unwanted sexual attention, boys were more likely to report being victims of same-gender gender harassment. Important differences in risk factors also existed. Being bullied in the fall and feeling disconnected from school were risk factors for same-gender victimization but not for cross-gender victimization. Romantic relationship status, which was a significant risk factor for both same- and cross-gender victimization, was qualified by significant gender interactions. Results are explained through a developmental-contextual lens and implications for intervention are discussed.