“菲佣”背后的国家教育支撑 ——兼议对我国家政教育及家庭劳动教育的启示

当下我国社会对家政职业的认可度仍然较低,严重制约着家政行业职业化、规模化发展。菲律宾的家政教育经过60多年的发展,已形成了广泛而良好的社会基础,不仅使家政劳动意识得到启蒙传播,国民树立起了公平职业观念,更助力培养家政专业化人才,满足市场需求,造就了世界品牌"菲佣"。菲律宾完备的家政教育体系为"菲佣"职业化提供了有力的教育支撑。借鉴菲律宾经验,为推动我国家政教育和家庭劳动教育建设,研究建议:加快构建覆盖教育全过程的家政教育体系,大力传播家政劳动意识,提高家政服务行业的社会认同;充分发挥高校的主体作用,完善高等家政教育体系,吸纳更多人力资源进入家政行业;创新人才培养机制,建设职业教育、职业培训与资格认证一体化的家政人才培育体系,切实保障和提高家政行业服务质量。     

美国法律适用中“回家去的趋势”及我国法律适用中的法院地法倾向

法院地法是国际私法中一个重要的系属公式。内国法院在审理涉外民商事案件时,适用法院地法是一种固有的倾向。美国冲突法革命期间,法院地法倾向进一步扩大,出现一种被称之为回家去的趋势的现象。我国法院在审理涉外民商事案件时,法院地法的适用占据了绝对的比例。2010年《涉外民事关系法律适用法》的颁布实施对合理限制我国法院地法倾向扩大化具有积极意义,同时也依然存在一些不足。     

Wives are Told: Don't Blame the Bank, Sue Your Solicitor: Royal Bank of Scotland v. Etridge (No. 2) and other appeals [1998] 4 All E.R. 705

This case note considers the Court of Appeal decision in Royal Bank of Scotland v. Etridge (No. 2) and other appeals [1998] 4 All E.R. 705. It concerns the familiar scenario of a wife jointly mortgaging (or providing a guarantee for a mortgage of) the family home in order to secure financial support for a business run by her husband. The House of Lords decision in Barclays Bank v O'Brien [1994] A.C. 180 has given rise to a range of litigation in this area, and the spotlight has now moved from the banks to an examination of the quality of advice given by solicitors. The banks have heeded the warnings in O'Brien and now insist that wives are told to obtain independent legal advice. It will be seen that, following Etridge, if the bank tells the solicitor to give the wife legal advice upon undertaking the transaction, that will be sufficient to protect the bank, notwithstanding that the advice was either inadequate or even not actually given. The onus to ensure that proper advice is given is shifted squarely on to the solicitor. The note concludes that the decision is indicative of the shift of judicial opinion against wives seeking to avoid charges over matrimonial homes and in favour of banks. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

中国式养老：城市社区居家养老研究

文章探讨了托老服务“叫好不叫座”现象背后的原因,总结了“虚拟养老院”成功的经验、特点和优势,分析了专业养老社区的成败、利弊以及社区服务的类别、作用和方向。文章认为养老的服务职能社会化、服务地点社区化、服务机制市场化和服务联结网络化是打破我国养老困局的基本路向。社区养老的市场化和产业化主体属于社会企业,其发展不能离开“养老事业高于养老产业”“养老福祉高于养老利润”和“养老的社会效益高于养老的经济效益”三个前提。未富先老、未备先老的中国要探索有本土特色的“低成本-高品质-广福祉”的依托社区、整合资源的现代化养老方式,即通过社区养老、助老服务实现多数老年人的“在地老化”之梦--安养、乐活和善终。     

数字化背景下老年友好社区构建策略——基于杭州市K街道N社区的调查

近年来,我国数字城市、5G运用、未来社区建设的推进,改变了老年人的社区养老环境,老年友好社区作为我国社区研究中的一个重要组成部分,亟待对其在数字城市背景下的构建内容、实践与评估、发展趋势开展深入探究。本研究通过对杭州市K街道N社区数字化背景下的老年友好社区构建的满意度调查,分析了数字化背景下的老年友好社区构建与老年人日常生活的关系、与原居养老的关系、与代际互动的关系以及融入的意愿度,认为这是老年友好社区的构建内容从单一的物质环境向多维度转变、构建主体由政府单一型向老年人参与及多主体合作型转变,探索形成良好代际互动的全龄社区的内在机制。     

Narratives of the Past and Present: Young Refugees' Construction of a Family Identity in Exile

Little attention has been given to the ‘refugee experience’of children who follow their parents in escaping violence. Thisstudy examines how the experiences of violence become importantevents in the lives of a group of young refugees who were bornin the Middle East, but escaped with their parents to Denmarkten years ago. On the basis of a narrative analysis the studyshows that the adolescents' experience of being a refugee isgreatly influenced by the stories of the past narrated aboutthe family, and the internal relations and conflicts withinthe families. Adolescent refugees who have grown up with violencein their family relations experience greater difficulties increating new homes in exile than adolescents whose memoriesof violence are connected with a narrative of the historicalpersecution and suffering of their family and people.     

基于个案的公民社会指数分析及其行动策略探讨——以广州市D街道S老人院为研究对象

以调整后的公民社会指数(CSI)为分析工具,围绕结构、资源、环境和影响四个维度,对民办非企业单位——广州市D街道S老人院开展居家养老活动进行了微观个案分析,目的是把握研究对象的资源来源、生存处境、与外界的关系、实际发挥的影响力等方面的真实状况。研究表明,S老人院和社会资源的互动不足,与政府部门则形成了民主型合作治理特征的合作关系,S老人院应加强与外部组织间的社会网络建构,获得更多的社会资源,同时要加强与政府的合作深度。     

大学生参与社区居家养老志愿服务长效机制构建路径探究

基于对北京、天津、保定三个社区居家养老服务试点的实证调查结论,借鉴国外成熟的大学生志愿服务形式,提出我国应构建政府、大学生、高校、社区、老人有机联动的大学生参与社区居家养老志愿服务长效机制,并提出机制运行的三层面保障制度以及大学生长期参与为老服务的原则、内容及工作流程,保证机制的可行性。     

人本理念下的思想政治教育与精神家园建构

马克思主义思想政治教育研究愈来愈多地涉及人的精神世界的意义追寻和精神生活的终极关怀，凸显出对精神家园建构的重要作用。学界在思想政治教育与精神家园的内在关联、建构的内容和路径等方面都有研究和论述，其启示有：应以超越性需求为指引，挖掘思想政治教育对精神家园建设的价值；应在审视和解决多重矛盾的过程中构建精神家园；应依托和整合多种学科资源，以大教育的宏大视野建构精神家园。     

Mother–Child Contact during Incarceration: A Study Based on a National Survey of Women Prisoners

Based on quantitative data from a national survey of female inmates in Norway, the present article describes the self-reported frequency and type of mother–child contact before and during imprisonment and investigates to what extent this is influenced by mothers’ sociodemographic background as well as their drug abuse and previous criminal history. A total of 141 female inmates participated in the study, representing 75% of the total female inmate population. The findings indicated that 6 in 10 female inmates had children, most of them minors. Half of the mothers had an immigrant background. The mothers presented with serious problems in several welfare domains. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that preimprisonment contact remained an important contributor to mother–child contact during imprisonment after the other variables included in the study were controlled.