我国工伤保险制度的重大发展与理念创新

《社会保险法》以及新《工伤保险条例》对我国工伤保险制度作了重大发展,扩大了工伤保险的适用范围,调整了工伤认定的范围,简化了工伤处理程序,提高了工伤待遇标准,增加了工伤保险基金的支出项目,减少了停止享受工伤保险待遇的情形,规定了工伤保险基金先行支付和追偿制度,规定了第三人侵权的工伤医疗费用支付,明确了工伤保险基金的统筹层...     

我国工伤事故性质及救济模式的法律考量

我国劳动法和民法的竞合造成工伤事故既具有劳动保险性,又具有民法上的特殊侵权性,相应的其救济途径包括上伤保险赔偿和民事侵权损害赔偿.在选择、取代、兼得和补充四种救济模式中,应选择补充模式,即劳动者先领取工伤保险赔偿,不足部分可通过侵权损害赔偿获得救济.这是一种既公平合理,又符合我国国情的工伤事故救济模式,能够达到保护劳动...     

Preventing construction deaths: The role of public policies

Are stronger direct financial incentives or regulatory enforcement effective in reducing fatalities in the construction industry? We examine two important policies—state workers' compensation (WC) programs and federal and state Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) activities—which embody those strategies. We examine their impact by looking at state-level fatality rates in the construction industry from 1992 to 2016. Setting aside highway crashes and violence, the majority of employee deaths occur in construction. We find that states which exempt small firms from the requirement to buy WC insurance have higher fatality rates. When eligibility for compensation is restricted by longer waiting periods, fatality rates are substantially higher. More frequent federal or state OSHA inspections and, especially, consultation visits are associated with lower fatality rates, but higher average penalties are not. Limited variation in these policies over our sample period, especially for WC, makes these results suggestive rather than definitively causal.