私法中的“人”——法人体系的序列化思考

与传统的私法视角下、交易场合中，法人与自然人一律平等，皆为无差别的“私法中的人”的思维不同，在历史观中，“社团法人”与“财团法人”是具有法社会学意义的两大法人“模型”。两模型之角力，体现为不同的法人类型通过消长其“社团性”，调整团体与团体成员各自就法人财产进行支配的“法律上的距离”，而排列为与其公、私域属性相适应的，促进社会整合的法人类型序列。在历史上这可呈现为各法人本质学说流派的论争，在当代则反映为某些民法典中，不同社会功能法人类型的财产权强弱之差序安排。最终这将促使民法扬弃对法人的狭隘私法定性，正视与回应法人跨越公、私体制的“复合人”特质，进而也提高民法应对社会分化与转型的能力。     

诚信·公平·权利——“民法人”教学新理念的构建

立足于现代高等教育应当培养什么人的问题并结合民法学精品课程建设的实践,需要对“民法人”这一教学理念进行探索和阐释。民法人的素质或品质可以定义为:民法人是讲诚实、守信用的人,民法人是具有平等价值观和公平观念的人,民法人是懂得尊重他人权利的人,民法人是具有社会公德意识的人,民法人是具有义务观和责任感的人,民法人是系统掌握和精通民法知识的人。     

论失踪损害赔偿之诉的法律适用——以马航客机失踪事件切入

自然人的失踪通常都会给其近亲属造成严重的精神损害和一定的财产损害,依据我国法律现有规定及其解释,在失踪是因可归责于他人的事由所致时,失踪者近亲属应独立享有对相关责任人的损害赔偿请求权。肯定此类损害赔偿请求权,不仅符合分配正义原则,而且能更好地实现权益保护与行为自由的平衡。在单纯的失踪损害赔偿之诉中,失踪者近亲属可以请求赔偿精神损害、寻亲费用和扶养费损失等,在失踪者已被宣告死亡时,还可请求死亡赔偿金。     

Globalization and regulatory change: The interplay of laws and technologies in E-commerce in Southeast Asia

Electronic commerce has brought about business and technological changes globally, and these global changes have given rise to major legal reforms across nations. In the fast-changing global digital economy, states need strategies to maintain competitiveness of their markets while simultaneously ensuring the secure and effective use of technologies involved in conducting electronic transactions. This paper examines how the use and recognition of electronic signatures are regulated in Southeast Asia – the region that has shown the most significant growth in global e-commerce in past few years. Based on a comparative analysis of the laws of four representative ASEAN member states – namely Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, and Vietnam, this paper argues that there is a regional trend towards adopting more liberal and technology-neutral standards for electronic signatures. Electronic signature regulation in Southeast Asia is now built upon limited technological neutrality (or the so-called “two-tiered” approach) as a shared regulatory understanding, but this approach is operationalized differently in each state due to distinctive national contexts. Within the common legal framework, each state has developed its own system of control and management with respect to higher-level signatures (using advanced technologies). The principle of technological neutrality, a concept originally developed for the regulation of technologies in response to the liberalization of telecommunications market, has been the central theme of discussions on the e-transactions policy-making scene. As the author shows, in the process through which states localize the global standards of technological neutrality, ASEAN as a vehicle of regulatory change has played an essential role in translating this principle to the national context.     

论我国未成年人监护制度的完善

未成年人监护制度是监护制度的重要组成部分,它不仅关系到保护未成年人的合法权益,而且还关系到社会秩序的稳定。目前,我国监护制度中还存在着监护机构设置不合理、监护人的选任缺乏一定的标准、监护人的职责及权利不明、监护的种类不全等问题。为了更好地保护未成年人的利益,针对上述不足,提出自己的建议。     

论刑法中的无形伪造--以文书为视角

各国立法中的伪造包括有形伪造和无形伪造两种情况.有形伪造是指无制作权限人非法制作文书的行为;无形伪造是指有制作权限者制作内容虚伪文书的行为.有形伪造与无形伪造的区别在于"名义人与制作人之间的人格是否具有一致性".处罚无形伪造的宗旨在于其侵犯文书的证据力.我国刑法中的伪造包含有形伪造和无形伪造两种含义,司法实践存在处罚无形伪造行为的案件.     

Choosing relatives for DNA identification of missing persons

DNA-based analysis is integral to missing person identification cases. When direct references are not available, indirect relative references can be used to identify missing persons by kinship analysis. Generally, more reference relatives render greater accuracy of identification. However, it is costly to type multiple references. Thus, at times, decisions may need to be made on which relatives to type. In this study, pedigrees for 37 common reference scenarios with 13 CODIS STRs were simulated to rank the information content of different combinations of relatives. The results confirm that first-order relatives (parents and fullsibs) are the most preferred relatives to identify missing persons; fullsibs are also informative. Less genetic dependence between references provides a higher on average likelihood ratio. Distant relatives may not be helpful solely by autosomal markers. But lineage-based Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA markers can increase the likelihood ratio or serve as filters to exclude putative relationships.     

公司法人本质属性回归

公司法人有限责任是公司之生命价值所在,而公司法人独立财产则是公司法人有限责任的前提和基础,二者相辅相成,同为公司最根本的属性.在此基础上,应完善相关法律规定,明确公司法人财产的独立性,使公司法人本质属性得以回归,进而促进公司法人制度在我国社会经济发展中发挥更大的作用.     

民事司法确认程序若干问题研究

民事司法确认程序,是不同于现有的诉讼程序、非讼程序以及特别程序的一项独立的司法程序。该程序在设置上不仅确认的范围及其案件类型应当有所限制、审查的方式应当是开庭审查与书面审查同时并行、审查的形式应当是公开审查与不公开审查并行、审查的类型应当是形式审查与实质审查并行,以及法律文书应当采用＂确认书＂的形式,对于案外人的救济,应当采用向原确认法院提起诉讼的救济方式。这种基于我国解决纠纷的现实需要创立的新的程序制度,是近几年来民事司法改革的一个显著亮点,对于促进我国民事纠纷的解决具有重大的意义。     

电子货币是货币发展规律作用的必然结果

电子货币作为一种新的派生形式,是货币发展规律作用的必然结果。电子货币不仅具有一般货币的共性,而且具有明显的时代特征。因此,电子货币的出现,并没有否定马克思的货币理论,相反却再次证明了马克思货币理论的科学性。