从死刑的存废谈毒品犯罪死刑的限制

在人类的文明史上,死刑是资格最老的刑罚之一,其历史至少和国家的历史一样漫长。死刑又是发育、成熟最早的刑罚,当其他刑罚还处于萌芽幼稚状态时,死刑即进入了自己的“黄金时期”。死刑还是最早进入衰亡时期的刑罚之一,随着人类社会从农业文明进入工业文明,商品经济取代自然经济,死刑的生存便出现了危机。死刑存废之争已持续了二百多年,从我国刑法来看,死刑仍然占有十分重要的地位,对于死刑的适用还较为广泛。在现代法治社会里,死刑的设置与适用应极为慎重。对毒品犯罪的死刑使用应当予以必要限制。     

"文化台独"危害海峡两岸和平统一的基础

两岸和平统一的基础是"一个中国"原则."文化台独"的历史观、文化观、民族观的核心就是全面否定"一个中国"的存在,最终的目的是"台湾独立建国".因此,"文化台独"推进的过程,就是两岸被推向战争的过程.     

告别文化的忧郁

发展与传统文化的关系 ,是现实中极具争议的问题。非西方文化在发展框架中两难处境的实质 ,在于文化观念上存在误区。文化观念学术史表明 ,当前把文化视为严密整合的系统 ,强调文化之间差异的文化观念 ,乃是 1 8世纪法国文化与德国文化的对抗在思想上留下的后遗症。这种固化文化只表现了文化的一个方面。文化的实践观包含了既有文化对发展的影响力 ,也包含了人创造文化的能动性 ,从而真正体现了文化的本质。以实践文化取代固化的文化 ,才能解决文化与发展之间的困境 ,而传统文化则是发展的基础。     

论文化调适过程中的个人意愿差异与趋同

文化调适是民族学长期关注的社会现象,民族学界的前辈们对其进行诸多探讨,得出了诸多带规律性的有价值的理论.然而对于个人行为在文化调适中的作用探讨得不够.本文以"瞿氏宗族的恢复过程"为例,就个人愿意或行为在文化调适中的影响力作一点尝试性探讨.从本文分析的"瞿氏宗族恢复过程中个人行为"的表现可知,文化调适的结果,绝不是某些人意愿的兑现,而是众多人的不同意愿磨合兼容后达成的整合体.     

Access to education in six Eastern European countries between 1940 and 1985. Results of a cross-national survey

This paper presents an analysis of patterns of access to education in six Eastern European countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Russia, and Slovakia) between 1940 and 1985. As in other industrial countries, average educational attainment (measured by duration, i.e. years in school) has increased greatly since 1940. But the expansion was most rapid until 1970. In all six countries, women increased their educational attainment more than men. By 1975, the difference between men and women in regard to years of schooling had virtually disappeared in all countries studied. Parents' educational attainment (measured as average years of schooling of father and mother) proves to be a main determinant of their children's attainment. However, the effect of parents' education decreased by about half from 1940 to 1985. Cultural resources (measured by parents' cultural behavior while the respondent was growing up) turns out to be a strong predictor of educational attainment, and equally so for men and women. It accounts for about one-third of the educational reproduction effect. However, the effect of cultural background declined considerably under communism. Finally, parents' political resources (measured as parents membership of the Communist Party) is shown to have a weak but consistent effect on educational attainment in the six countries. Although this effect was relatively strong in the early communist period, it was negligible for the younger cohorts.     

邓小平与中国传统文化的宏扬

“文化大革命”结束以后,中国传统文化面临着历史性的抉择。如何选择自己的发展方式,关系到传统文化的生存。邓小平有关传统文化的一些论述,使中国传统文化从旧的发展模式中解放出来,去迎接新的挑战和冲击,为传统文化的发展指明了正确方向,使其不至于在市场经济大潮的冲击下衰落,而是与时代相结合,又一次焕发了新的生机。     

组织学习：管理学视角下的多元理论

就管理学领域中关于组织学习的理论进行了比较系统的研究.在彼得·帕沃夫斯基提出的五大类组织学习理论的分类基础上,进一步对每类理论下各种研究视角和研究思路进行了更为系统的规范分析.主要是对管理学中关于组织学习问题研究的各种理论的缘起、分化、进程及现状进行了系统的分析与评价.研究发现,由于学者们对组织学习的本质的看法、研究视角以及研究范式的不同,使得组织学习问题的研究呈现出理论多元化倾向.但近年来,一些从不同角度研究组织学习问题的理论,又正在趋向于新的整合.认为,关于组织学习问题的更为系统的看法,将建立在关于组织学习本质的多元视角而形成的综合观点基础之上.     

Cultural sexism and the UK Higher Education sector

Despite the advances of the feminist movement, and wider structural legislative interventions, women remain under-represented at senior levels within academia and (some) women still experience both direct and indirect forms of discrimination throughout their careers. This article seeks to understand why this might be the case, and what, if anything we can do about it.

Using qualitative interview data which gives voice to women’s experiences, this article explores the cultural dimensions which serve to reinforce women’s structural disadvantage within the academy. Drawing upon these empirical data and informed by reflections on the notion of ‘hegemonic masculinity’ in a neo-liberal environment, this article contends that ‘cultural sexism’ provides a vocabulary through which to make sense of this structural disadvantaging. It is argued here that an understanding of the ‘ordinariness’ of cultural sexism means we can both ‘raise consciousness’, and, explore emancipatory opportunities where cultural resistance and change might be possible.     

文化危机与经济安全

文化的经济属性决定了文化与经济的互动关系紧密而深远。一方面,经济全球化带来的文化全球化以及信息社会所引发的文化革命,促生了文化危机发生的可能;另一方面,文化危机所引致的文化、经济安全问题又关系着国家和民族的生死存亡。因此必须通过实现文化产业的市场化运作,争取在国际文化交流中的话语控制权,并采取必要的文化管制来保障国家的经济、文化安全。只有这样,才能增强文化发展、文化免疫、文化创新能力,从而增强企业的核心竞争力,激活民族产业的创新生产活力。     

山东文化创意产业发展的意义与优势资源分析

近年来,不少国家和地区把文化创意产业作为战略产业和支柱产业。我国很多省市在文化创意产业的发展中积极探索,并采取相应的政策措施和手段来推动其发展。山东作为文化大省和经济大省,发展文化创意产业意义深远。山东有着深厚的历史积淀和文化底蕴,风格多样的地域特色,合理的产业结构,科技创新精神,高质量的影视作品,繁荣的演出市场,创意十足的文化旅游都是文化创意产业发展的重要资源。