经济增长达5%为数不多的国家之一——越南2009～2010年回顾与前瞻

在全球金融海啸巨大冲击的背景下,2009年越南经济增长率达到了5%以上,排在大多数东南亚国家的前面,与此同时,近年高居不下的通货膨胀还得到了控制,仅为7%,实在令人刮目。2010年人们对越南的关注点主要有:一是经济增长是否能达到金融危机前的速度,并把通货膨胀继续控制在一个合理的水平;二是越南将全力以赴筹备定于2011年1月举行的越共"十一大",这将是越南又一具有里程碑意义的越共党代会。     

Reaction to Grain Financialization: Protection of Farmer Client Rights about the Legislation on Grain Futures in China

Grain security should be emphasized to develop diversified grain market in the perspective of grain financialization, so as to realize the unification of grain spot market and futures market. New farmers should change from the traditional grain production to the hedging and risk aversion of the futures market and become the new and basic clients. Legislation on the grain futures should protect farmer rights for the unification with the rights of the grain futures company and the government financial security and grain security, which is guarantees the value of law to be free, fair and secure. Regarding the obviously weak position of farmers, major concern of academic study should focus on the frauds of grain futures company, such as the liability subject, subjective fault, fraudulent conduct, harmful aftereffect and causality. The Futures Act and Grain Act are supposed to contain the liability system that covers the civil liability, administrative liability, criminal liability and social liability in order to respond to the grain financialization effectively.     

论私有财产权的行政法地位

2004年"私产入宪"是我国公民财产权保护的一大历史跃进,它彰显了国家对个人财产权利的尊重和保护。从本质上来看,与宪法关系最密切的行政法在保护公民私有财产上应该大有作为,然而由于理论研究的欠缺和惯性思维的使然,我们往往将行政法上的公民私有财产权等同于民法上的权利,导致公民私有财产权在行政法保护上的弱化。因此,在行政法上对私有财产权的地位进行界定就显得非常重要。     

Understanding Sexual Harassment a Little Better Reed and Bull Information Systems Ltd v. Stedman

This case note reviews the guidelines issued by Morison J. in the Employment Appeal Tribunal at the end of the decision in Reed and Bull Information Systems Ltd v. Stedman [1999] I.R.L.R.299. The author argues that while the judge’s decision is to be welcomed in adopting an approach more sympathetic to victims of sexual harassment, it also raises a number of problems by placing a burden on the victim to place the harasser on notice that she does not welcome his conduct. The guidelines are likely to be usefully applied in any jurisdiction that has rules forbidding sexual harassment. The author considers the guidelines from both a practical and a doctrinal angle and indicates that the right to be free from sexual harassment is one that the courts are reluctant to protect like other civil rights. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Does the Statutory Regulation of Advance Decision-Making Provide Adequate Respect for Patient Autonomy?

This paper considers advance decision-making in the context of healthcare. The common law recognition of advance decisions is contrasted with new statutory provision. This paper will examine the Mental Capacity Act 2005 framework for advance decisions and lasting powers of attorney. The ‚best interests’ test and substituted judgment as criteria for proxy decision-making are compared by application to a case example. The paper examines the statutory safeguards in respect of refusals of ‚life-sustaining treatment’ and postulates that these safeguards may render respect for autonomous advance decision-making difficult to achieve in practice.     

国际民事诉讼中的国家行为原则——以美国法为例

国家行为原则在国际民事诉讼中越来越多的被引用,对其展开研究对我国立法和司法实践有重要意义。文章以美国法为例,从该原则的概念、特点、历史等基本点入手,分析了国家行为原则产生的法理基础;从该原则适用例外的角度分析了其适用范围;依据不同案件类型,初步总结了国家行为原则的适用方法。     

行政规则及其效力外部化初探

行政规则是指行政机关基于行政指挥权,为了规范行政机关的内部秩序或运作,对下级行政机关及其所属公务人员所发布的并不直接对外发生法律效果的抽象性规定。其类型依据不同的功能可分为组织性规则和执行性规则。行政规则不仅具有拘束行政机关及其所属公务人员的效力,而且依据平等原则、信赖保护原则以及组织性规则、解释性规则、裁量性规则与补充性规则的条件,在一定程度上具有间接影响外部相对人权利和义务的法律效果。因此,法院在行政诉讼中如果发现行政规则违反法律、法规、规章或者法律的精神时,应拒绝对其予以适用;如果发现其是合法有效的,也应该在判决文书中予以援引。     

试论内部行政处分行为的可诉性

我国现行《行政诉讼法》的受案范围一直是学术界争议颇多的问题,内部行政处分行为是否可诉即是其中之一。从行政法治主义、司法最终原则等理论基础出发,并参考国外的相关理论与实践,对我国行政诉讼制度中内部行政处分司法救济的欠缺、国家公务员合法、正当权利受到损害无法得到司法救济的现状进行探讨。应当给予内部行政处分行为的相对人,即国家公务员,以司法救济的途径。     

证人拒绝出庭作证不应犯罪化

在解决证人出庭率低下的种种改革方案中,将证人拒绝出庭作证行为犯罪化的立法思路极其有害。这不但不能有效促使证人出庭,而且还会导致理论和实践上的种种恶果。应提倡一种以“激励”而非“强迫”为指导思想的促使证人出庭作证的整体思路。     

加拿大电子证据法对英美传统证据规则的突破

电子证据对传统英美证据规则的挑战主要涉及最佳证据规则、鉴证规则和传闻规则.加拿大<统一电子证据法>直接以"电子记录"和"电子记录系统"来界定电子证据,突破了传统最佳证据规则对"原件"的要求,新创设"系统完整性"标准来解决电子证据中有关最佳证据的问题,规定鉴证只需验证电子记录系统的完整性与可靠性即可,并对传闻规则中的宣誓和交叉询问作出了新的规定.中国有必要借鉴国外的先进立法经验,讨论有关电子证据的立法模式与立法内容问题.